Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea e hana ai ko kākou mau maka e like me nā kāmela holomua a kiʻekiʻe? ʻO kēlā me kēia kikoʻī a mākou e ʻike ai—ʻo kēlā me kēia kala, kukuna o ke kukui, a me ke ʻano—ua hopu ʻia a hoʻouna ʻia i kou lolo i loko o nā milliseconds wale nō, e ʻae iā ʻoe e ʻike i ke ao nei. Ua hūnā ʻia i loko o kēia ʻōkana liʻiliʻi a kupaianaha kahi koa i mele ʻole ʻia he mea nui no kāu ʻike: ʻo ka 'choroid'. ʻOiai ke kani ʻē paha ka inoa, he mea nui kona kuleana. I kēia lā, e ʻimi kākou iā ia ma ke ʻano maʻalahi a aloha me Nirogi Lanka.
I nā ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Choroid?
E noʻonoʻo i kou maka e like me ka pōpō i hana ʻia me ʻekolu papa. ʻO ka papa waena i kapa ʻia ʻo uvea, a ʻo ka choroid kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o kēlā papa. ʻO kāna kuleana nui ka hoʻolako ʻana i ke koko waiwai i ka oxygen, e hana ana ma ke ʻano he ʻōnaehana kākoʻo ola no nā ʻano koʻikoʻi o kou maka. Eia kekahi, kōkua ia i ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kukui e komo ana i kou maka e hōʻoia i ka ʻike maopopo a ʻoi.
He aha nā hana nui ʻelua o ka Choroid?
Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka hana o ka choroid i ʻelua mau kuleana nui.
1. Hoʻolako Koko
ʻO kēia ka hana koʻikoʻi loa o ka choroid. E noʻonoʻo iā ia he hale hana mana e hāʻawi ana i ka uila a me ka wai i ke kūlanakauhale piha kanaka. Ua like ka retina a me ke aʻalolo optic me nā hale hana e hana mau ana a koi nui ʻia. No ka mea ke hoʻouna mau nei lākou i nā hōʻailona i ka lolo, pono lākou i kahi lako koko a me nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe aʻe ma mua o ka hapa nui o nā ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe.
Ua piha ka choroid i kahi pūnaewele paʻa a palupalu o nā kīʻaha koko . Ma o kēia ʻōnaehana e loaʻa ai i ka retina a me ke aʻalolo optic ke kahe mau o ka oxygen a me nā meaʻai e pono ai lākou e hana. Inā hoʻopilikia iki ʻia kēia lako, hiki ke hoʻopilikia nui ʻia kou ʻike.
2. Ka Hoʻopili ʻana o ka Mālamalama
ʻOiai ʻaʻole i kamaʻilio pinepine ʻia, he hana koʻikoʻi kēia. Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i nā panela huʻa ʻeleʻele a perforated i loko o nā keʻena hoʻopaʻa leo i hoʻolālā ʻia e pale i nā leo kani? Hana ka choroid i kahi hana like i loko o kou maka.
Ua kamaʻāina paha ʻoe i ka melanin , ka pigment e hāʻawi ana i ko mākou ʻili i kona kala. Loaʻa i ka choroid kahi nui o ka melanin. ʻOiai ʻo ka melanin i loko o ka ʻili e omo i nā kukuna UV ʻino e pale aku iā ʻoe, i loko o ka maka, pale ia i ka mālamalama mai ka hoʻopuehu ʻole ʻia.
ʻO ke kumu, e like me ke ʻano o loko o kahi kāmela kiʻekiʻe, hoʻopili ka melanin i loko o ka choroid i ka mālamalama hele hewa, e ʻae ana iā ia e kālele pono i nā cell photoreceptor i loko o kou retina. Me ka ʻole o kēia, e lele a puni ka mālamalama i loko o kou maka, e hoʻolilo ana i kou ʻike i mea pōwehiwehi a noe.
Aia i hea ka Choroid?
Uhi ka choroid ma kahi o ʻelua hapakolu o ke kua o kou maka. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, aia ia ma waena o ka paia keʻokeʻo o waho loa o ka maka, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka sclera , a me ka retina , ʻo ia ka papa o loko loa e kuleana no ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka ʻike .
He membrane lahilahi loa ia—e like me ka mānoanoa o kahi pepa maʻamau. Akā, i loko o kēlā wahi liʻiliʻi loa, aia i loko kēlā pūnaewele nui o nā kīʻaha koko. E like me kou loaʻa ʻana o kahi mole ma kou ʻili, hiki i ka choroid ke hoʻomohala i nā wahi ʻino ʻole i kapa ʻia ʻo nevi. ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia kēia mau mea iā ʻoe; ʻike pinepine ʻia lākou e kāu kauka maka i ka wā o kahi hoʻokolokolo maʻamau.
He aha nā kūlana e hiki ke hoʻopili i ka Choroid?
No ka mea, he pūnaewele paʻakikī o nā kīʻaha koko ka choroid, hiki i nā pilikia ʻōnaehana—e like me nā pilikia kahe koko a i ʻole nā maʻi mumū—ke hoʻopilikia pololei iā ia. ʻO kekahi mau kūlana maʻamau:
- ʻAlbinism: He ʻano genetic e hōʻemi ana i ka melanin i loko o ka ʻili a me nā maka, e alakaʻi pinepine ai i ka ʻike ʻana i ka mālamalama (photophobia) a me ka hōʻino ʻana o ka hihiʻo.
- Nā kūlana hānau ʻole: E like me choroideremia, hiki ke hōʻino i ka retinal.
- ʻO ka retinopathy pili i ka maʻi diabetes: Hiki i ke kō koko kiʻekiʻe ke hōʻino i nā kīʻaha koko palupalu i loko o ka choroid.
- ʻO ka macular degeneration: Ma ke ʻano 'pulu', hiki i nā kīʻaha koko kūpono ʻole ke ulu mai ka choroid, e hoʻemi ana i ka ʻike.
- Nā maʻi ʻaʻai maka: E like me ka melanoma intraocular, hiki ke puka mai i ka choroid.
- ʻO ka ischemia maka: Ka emi ʻana o ke kahe koko, e like me ka hahau maka.
- Glaucoma: ʻOiai e pili nui ana i ke kaomi o ka maka, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia pololei ʻole i ke olakino o ka choroid a me nā aʻalolo a puni.
- Nā ʻeha: Hiki i ka trauma i ka maka ke hana i ka hōʻino kūloko.
- Nā kūlana mumū: E like me ka uveitis a i ʻole chorioretinitis, ʻo ia hoʻi nā maʻi a i ʻole nā pehu ʻana i loko o ka maka.
Pehea e hoʻomaopopo ai i kahi pilikia me ka Choroid?
ʻO kēlā me kēia pilikia e pili ana i ka choroid e hoʻopilikia pololei i kou ʻike. No laila, inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli koke i kou ʻike, he mea nui e kūkākūkā me kāu loea mālama maka a ʻimi paha i nā lawelawe lapaʻau ulia pōpilikia inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi nalowale koke o ka ʻike.
| Nā Hōʻailona o nā Maʻi Choroidal | |
|---|---|
| Nā Hōʻailona Maʻamau | |
| Nā wahi ʻeleʻele a i ʻole nā wahi hakahaka i ka ʻike | Ka ulu ʻana o nā wahi makapō (scotomas). |
| ʻIke pōwehiwehi | ʻAʻole maopopo loa kāu ʻike. |
| ʻIke pālua | Ke ʻike ʻana i ʻelua kiʻi ma kahi o hoʻokahi (diplopia). |
| ʻEha maka a me ke poʻo ʻeha | ʻO ka ʻeha mau i loko a i ʻole a puni nā maka. |
| ʻIke i ka mālamalama | ʻO ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole a i ʻole ka ʻeha ke hōʻike ʻia i ka mālamalama (photophobia). |
| Nā Hōʻailona Pōpilikia e Pono ai ke Kōkua Lapaʻau Koke | |
| Ka luaʻi a me ka luaʻi me ka ʻeha o ka maka | Nā hōʻailona koʻikoʻi e hōʻike ana i ke kaomi kiʻekiʻe. |
| Nā kukui uila a puni | Ke ʻike nei i nā apo ʻōniʻoniʻo e hoʻopuni ana i nā kumu kukui. |
| Ka nalowale koke a i ʻole ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike maka | He pilikia olakino kēia e pono ai ka mālama koke ʻana. |
| Nā kukui ʻālohilohi koke | Ke ʻike ʻana i nā pahū koke o ka mālamalama (photopsias). |
Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona ulia pōpilikia, mai hoʻokaʻulua. E ʻoluʻolu e hele koke i ka ʻOihana ulia pōpilikia (ER) kokoke loa. I ka wā e pili ana i ke olakino o nā maka, he mea nui kēlā me kēia kekona.
Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai kēia mau maʻi?
Ke ʻike ʻoe i kahi loea maka, e nānā lākou i kāu mau hōʻailona a hana i kahi hoʻokolokolo maka piha. Inā kānalua ʻia kahi maʻi choroidal, hiki iā lākou ke ʻōlelo i nā hoʻokolohua aʻe:
- Hoʻāʻo ʻike maka: He nānā maʻamau e ana i ka maopopo o kāu ʻike ʻana.
- Hoʻāʻo kahua ʻike: Loiloi i kāu ʻike peripheral e ʻike i nā hakahaka a i ʻole nā kiko makapō.
- Hoʻokolohua kukui slit: He microscope kūikawā i hoʻohana ʻia e kāu kauka e nānā i nā ʻano kūloko o kou maka.
- Nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi retinal: Ma muli o ka pili pono ʻana o ka choroid a me ka retina, hāʻawi ke kiʻi ʻana i ka retina i ka ʻike waiwai e pili ana i ka choroid.
- ʻO ka angiography Fluorescein: Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi dye i loko o kou aʻa lima e lawe i nā kiʻi kikoʻī o nā kīʻaha koko i loko o kou maka.
- ʻO ka Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT): He scan non-invasive e hana ana i nā kiʻi cross-sectional o kou maka, e ʻae ana i ke kauka e ʻike i ka pehu ʻana a i ʻole nā loli i nā papa o ka maka.
He aha nā koho lapaʻau no nā kūlana choroidal?
ʻO ka maʻamau, kālele ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ka hoʻokele ʻana i ke kūlana kumu e hoʻopilikia ana i ka choroid. Ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ke kumu kumu, hiki iā mākou ke hoʻomaikaʻi pinepine i ke olakino o ka choroid. ʻOkoʻa loa nā hoʻolālā lapaʻau ma muli o kāu hōʻailona kikoʻī.
| ʻAno Lapaʻau | ʻO ka mea e pili ana ... |
|---|---|
| Nā lāʻau lapaʻau glaucoma | Nā kulu e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kaomi o nā maka a pale i ke aʻalolo optic. |
| Nā lāʻau anti-inflammatory | Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi i ka pehu a i ʻole ka mumū i loko o ka maka. |
| Lāʻau lapaʻau anti-VEGF | Nā inikini i hoʻolālā ʻia e hoʻōki i ka ulu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko maʻamau ʻole a liki. |
| Nā lāʻau lapaʻau maʻi kanesa | Nā lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā e like me ke ʻoki kino a i ʻole ka radiation no nā ʻōpū maka. |
| Ka mālama ʻana i ke kahe koko | Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā anticoagulants a i ʻole ka kaohi koko e kākoʻo i ke kahe koko olakino. |
| ʻO ke ʻoki maka | Nā hana ʻoki kino e hoʻoponopono ai i nā pōʻino kūkulu i loko o ka maka. |
Ma muli o kāu mau pono olakino pilikino, e alakaʻi kāu kauka iā ʻoe ma ke ala lapaʻau maikaʻi loa.
Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale i ke olakino o kou mau maka me Nirogi Lanka?
He mea waiwai kou ʻike maka. Pono ka mālama pono ʻana i ke olakino o kou mau maka, me ke choroid. Eia kekahi mau hana hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e mālama i kou olakino maka no ka wā lōʻihi.
- E Hoʻonohonoho i nā Hoʻokolohua Maka Mau: Me ka nānā ʻole inā ʻoe e kau ana i nā aniani maka a i ʻole, he mea nui e hoʻokolokolo ʻia kou mau maka e ke kauka maka ma ka liʻiliʻi hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki. ʻAe kēia i ka ʻike ʻana i nā pilikia kūpono ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā hōʻailona i ʻike ʻia.
- E pale i kou mau maka: Inā ʻoe e hana me nā lako hana wili, nā kemika, a i ʻole nā wahi me nā kiʻekiʻe o ka lepo a me nā ʻōpala, pono ʻoe e komo i nā aniani palekana kūpono a i ʻole nā goggles i nā manawa a pau e pale aku i ka ʻeha o ka maka.
- E pale i ka puhipaka a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka: ʻO ka puhipaka a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka e hōʻino pololei i kāu ʻōnaehana kahe koko. No ka mea he ʻano vascular nui ka choroid i waiwai i nā kīʻaha koko, hiki i ka puhipaka ke hana i kahi pōʻino nui a pololei i kāna hana.
- E Hoʻokele i nā Maʻi Mau Loa: Inā ʻoe e noho nei me ka Diabetes Mellitus a i ʻole Hypertension (ke koko kiʻekiʻe), e hōʻoia i ka mālama pono ʻia ʻana o kēia mau kūlana e like me nā kuhikuhi a kāu kauka. Inā ʻaʻole i kāohi ʻia, hiki i kēia mau maʻi ke alakaʻi i ka hōʻino nui a hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia i kou mau maka.
- E Hoʻokumu i ka Pono Holoʻokoʻa: ʻO ka mālama ʻana i kahi ʻai kaulike, ka noho ʻana i ke kaumaha olakino, a me ke komo ʻana i ka hoʻoikaika kino maʻamau he mea maikaʻi ia ʻaʻole wale no kou mau maka, akā no kou kino holoʻokoʻa.
He ʻāpana mālie akā koʻikoʻi ka choroid i loko o kou maka. Hoʻōla ia i kou ʻike a kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike i kahi honua maopopo a olaola. Ma ka noho ʻike a me ka hana mua, lawe ʻoe i ke kuleana piha no ka pale ʻana i kou ʻike maka makamae me Nirogi Lanka.
Nā Manaʻo Koʻikoʻi
- ʻO ka Choroid kahi papa koʻikoʻi i waenakonu o kou maka e hoʻolako i ke koko a hoʻoponopono i ka omo ʻana o ka mālamalama.
- ʻO nā hōʻailona e like me ka nalowale koke o ka ʻike, ka ʻike ʻana i nā kukui uila, a i ʻole ka ʻeha o ka maka me ka nausea he mau pilikia olakino ia; e ʻoluʻolu e kelepona i ka 911 a i ʻole e kipa koke i kāu keʻena pilikia kokoke loa.
- ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale ai i kou olakino choroidal ma o ka mālama pono ʻana i nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi diabetes a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, a ma ka mālama ʻana i nā nānā maka maʻamau.
- Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi loli a ʻoluʻolu ʻole paha i kou ʻike, mai hoʻāʻo e nānā ponoʻī iā ʻoe iho; e kūkākūkā me ke kauka i ka hikiwawe loa.
Choroid, Ola Kino o ka Maka, Nā Maʻi Maka, Retina, Nā ʻAʻa Koko Maka, Poho o ka ʻIke, Mālama Maka
