He palaka loa anei ke kākau lima ʻana o kāu keiki? Ke kākau nei ʻo ia ma nā ʻano a me nā nui like ʻole? Malia paha he palaualelo loa ʻo ia e kākau. Akā, ʻaʻole paha ke kumu o kēia mau mea a pau no ka palaualelo a i ʻole ka hana kolohe a ke keiki. Malia paha ʻo ke kumu o kēia he kīnā aʻo i kapa ʻia ʻo ' Dysgraphia '. E kamaʻilio wale kākou e pili ana i kēia i kēia lā.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka dysgraphia?
He kīnā aʻo ka Dysgraphia. Ma ke ʻano pololei, he maʻi neurological ia. Hoʻopilikia ia i nā kaʻina hana o ka lolo a me nā mākau neʻe maikaʻi e pono ai ke kākau. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, he paʻakikī i ke keiki ke kākau i nā mea i loko o ko lākou manaʻo a kākau maopopo iā ia ma ka pepa. I kekahi mau hihia, hoʻopilikia pū ia i ka hiki ke haʻi pololei a me ka pela ʻana i nā huaʻōlelo.
ʻO ke kākau ʻana me ka maopopo a me ka pololei kekahi o nā mea nui i manaʻo ʻia e ke keiki ma ke kula. No laila, ke nele kēia mākaukau, hiki iā ia ke loaʻa ka hopena nui i ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana o ke keiki.
He like nā ʻano o ka dyslexia a me ka dysgraphia?
ʻAe, ʻoiai he mau pilikia aʻo kēia mau mea ʻelua, aia kahi ʻokoʻa ma waena o nā mea ʻelua.
- Dyslexia : Ma kēia, ʻo ka pilikia o ke keiki ka paʻakikī i ka wehewehe ʻana i nā leka a i ʻole nā huaʻōlelo i kākau ʻia. He pilikia heluhelu kēia.
- Dysgraphia: ʻO ka pilikia ma ʻaneʻi, he paʻakikī ke kākau i nā manaʻo i loko o kou manaʻo ma ke ʻano he mau huaʻōlelo ma ka pepa. ʻO ia hoʻi, he pilikia kākau ia.
E noʻonoʻo i kēia ʻano: ua like ka dyslexia me ka hiki ʻole ke heluhelu i ka palapala ʻāina a kekahi i kahakiʻi ai. Ua like ka Dysgraphia me ka hiki ʻole ke kahakiʻi i ka palapala ʻāina nou iho. Loaʻa paha i kekahi mau keiki kekahi o kēia mau maʻi ʻelua, akā loaʻa paha i kekahi mau keiki nā mea ʻelua.
Aia kekahi pilina ma waena o ka autism a me ka ADHD?
He kīnā aʻo ka Dysgraphia. ʻO ka Autism, i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), he ʻano ʻokoʻa ia. Hoʻopilikia nui ia i ke kamaʻilio ʻana a me nā pilina pili kanaka. Eia nō naʻe, no ka mea ua pilikia nā mākau ʻōlelo, hiki i ke keiki me ka autism ke loaʻa pū ka dysgraphia. He mea maʻamau nō hoʻi ka Dysgraphia i waena o nā keiki me ka maʻi hyperactivity deficit attention (ADHD) .
He aha nā ʻano nui o ka dysgraphia?
Aia kekahi mau ʻano dysgraphia. I kekahi manawa loaʻa paha i kahi keiki ma mua o hoʻokahi o kēia mau ʻano. E nānā koke kākou i kēia mau mea.
| ʻAno o ka dysgraphia | I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi... |
|---|---|
| ʻO ka Dyslexic Dysgraphia | ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma kēia hihia, hiki iā ʻoe ke haʻi pololei i nā huaʻōlelo ke ʻōlelo ʻoe, akā ke kākau ʻoe, hana hewa ʻoe a hewa pinepine kāu pela ʻana. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka maopopo o kāu kākau lima. |
| ʻO ka Dysgraphia Motor | Pili pono kēia i ka hana a ka lima. He paʻakikī ke paʻa pono i ka peni/penikala, a he mea hiki ʻole ke kākau pono. He palaka loa ke kākau lima. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke haʻi pololei ʻia (palapala ʻia) nā huaʻōlelo me ka waha. |
| ʻO ka Disgraphia Spatial | ʻAʻole maopopo i kēia mau keiki ke kākau me nā hakahaka ma waena o nā leka a me nā huaʻōlelo. He paʻakikī ke kākau pono ma luna o kahi lula. Loaʻa pū kēia pilikia i ka wā e kope ai i kahi mea mai kahi ʻē aʻe. Hiki i kēia mau keiki ke paʻakikī i ke kaha kiʻi. |
| ʻO ka Disgraphia Phonological | ʻO ka pilikia me kēia mau keiki, ʻo ia ka paʻakikī iā lākou ke hoʻopili i ke kani o kahi huaʻōlelo me ka leka like (pela). ʻOiai hiki iā lākou ke kākau i nā huaʻōlelo a lākou i ʻike ai, he paʻakikī iā lākou ke kākau i nā huaʻōlelo hou a maʻa ʻole. |
| ʻO ka Dysgraphia Lexical | ʻOiai hiki iā lākou ke kākau i nā huaʻōlelo me nā lula maʻalahi, ʻaʻole hiki i kēia mau keiki ke kākau i nā huaʻōlelo paʻakikī i hana ʻia ma ke ʻano ʻē. No ka laʻana, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kākau i nā kūlana kūpono o nā leka e like me '', '', '', ''. |
He aha ke kumu o ka dysgraphia?
ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke kumu kikoʻī o kēia ʻano maʻi i nā keiki. Eia nō naʻe, i nā pākeke, hiki ke hana ʻia i kekahi manawa ma hope o ka hōʻino ʻana o ka lolo, e like me ka hahau ʻana. I nā keiki, hana pinepine ʻia me nā pilikia aʻo ʻē aʻe, e like me ADHD a me ka dyslexia.
He aha nā hōʻailona e hiki iā mākou ke ʻike?
ʻIke wale nā mākua a me nā kumu i kēia mau hōʻailona ke hoʻomaka ke keiki e kākau ma ke kula. E nānā inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona.
- ʻAʻole maopopo loa ke kākau lima a kūlike ʻole (e.g., ua kākau ʻia ka huaʻōlelo hoʻokahi me ka hui pū ʻana o nā leka liʻiliʻi a me nā leka nui, nā leka italic a me nā leka kū).
- Ke kākau wau, kākau pono loa wau. He lōʻihi ka manawa e kope ai i kahi mea ma ka papa.
- Paʻa pono lākou i ka penikala , no laila ke ʻōlelo nei lākou ua ʻeha ko lākou mau lima ma hope o ke kākau ʻana no kekahi manawa.
- ʻAʻole hoʻohana pono ʻia ka hakahaka ma kahi ʻāpana pepa . He mea paʻakikī ke kākau ma waena o nā lula ʻelua a ma loko o nā kaʻe.
- Holoi mau wau i ka wā e kākau ai au.
- ʻAʻole like ka nui o ka hakahaka ma waena o nā leka a me nā huaʻōlelo.
- He hewa loa ke pela ʻana . I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole i hoʻopau ʻia nā huaʻōlelo, a i ʻole ua haʻalele ʻia nā huaʻōlelo a i ʻole nā huapalapala.
- I ke kākau ʻana, paʻa lākou i ko lākou kino a i ʻole ke poʻo ma ke ʻano ʻē , a i ʻole kākau lākou me ka pepa i hoʻohuli ʻia ma ke ʻano ʻē.
- He paʻakikī ke noʻonoʻo a kākau i ka manawa like . No laila, ke noi ʻia ʻoe e kākau i kahi mea hana noʻeau e like me kahi moʻolelo, lilo ia i mea paʻakikī loa.
Pehea e ʻike ai i kēia maʻi?
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke noiʻi ʻana i kēia pilikia ma mua o ka hoʻāhewa ʻana i ke keiki no kā lākou kākau lima palaka, me ka manaʻo he kumu ia no ka palaualelo .
ʻO ka hana mua, ʻo ia ke ʻike i kāu pediatrician e nānā i nā kūlana kino ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia paha i kāu kākau ʻana.
A laila, e hoʻoholo kekahi loea noʻonoʻo a loea hoʻonaʻauao paha i aʻo ʻia i nā pilikia aʻo inā he dysgraphia kēia. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻimi i ke kōkua o ke kauka noʻonoʻo ma ke kula o ke keiki no kēia.
E hāʻawi ke kauka loea i ke keiki i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e ana i ke kākau ʻana a me nā mākau hoʻonaʻauao. Eia kekahi laʻana,
- E ʻae iā lākou e kākau i nā huaʻōlelo a me nā ʻōlelo.
- Ke ʻimi nei lākou i kahi mea a ke ʻae nei iā ʻoe e kope.
- Ke haʻi aku nei ia iā ʻoe e hana i kekahi mea me kou mau manamana lima a i ʻole e hoʻohuli i kou pulima lima ma kekahi ʻano.
I kēia manawa, nānā ke kauka loea i ka paʻa ʻana o ka peni a ke keiki, ke kūlana o ke kino, ka wikiwiki o ke kākau ʻana, a me ka maikaʻi o ka hana i hoʻopau ʻia.
Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke kōkua ma ke ʻano he makua?
ʻAʻohe "lāʻau lapaʻau" kikoʻī no ka dysgraphia. Akā he nui nā mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e kōkua i kahi keiki a aʻo iā lākou e ola me ka holomua me ke kūlana. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka ʻike mua ʻana iā ia a hāʻawi i ke keiki i ke kākoʻo e pono ai lākou.
| Nā ala e kōkua ai i ke keiki | |
|---|---|
| Nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ma ka home | |
| Nā mea kākau | E hoʻohana i nā puke me nā lula ākea, nā puke lula huinaha, a i ʻole nā ʻāpana pepa me nā laina i hāpai ʻia. E hoʻohana i nā mea e like me nā 'pencil grips' āu e kau ai ma kāu penikala. |
| Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana | E aʻo aku i kāu keiki e paʻi ma ke kamepiula ma kahi o ke kākau lima ʻana. E aʻo aku iā lākou e paʻi i ka wā hiki wawe. |
| Hoʻoikaika maikaʻi | Mai hoʻāhewa i kāu keiki no ka hana haumia. Akā, e hoʻomaikaʻi i kā lākou mau hana. E paipai iā lākou me ka maikaʻi. E kamaʻilio me lākou e pili ana i ke kūlana a e hoʻomaopopo iā lākou ʻaʻole na lākou ia hewa. |
| Hoʻemi i ke kaumaha | Ma mua o kou hoʻomaka ʻana e kākau, e hana i nā mea maʻalahi e like me ka lulu wikiwiki ʻana i kou mau lima, ka hamo ʻana iā lākou, a i ʻole ke ʻomi ʻana i kahi pōpō hoʻoluhi e hoʻoikaika i nā ʻiʻo o kou lima. |
| Nā pono i loaʻa mai ke kula | |
| Ke kamaʻilio ʻana me ke kumu | E kamaʻilio me ke kumu e pili ana i ke kūlana a me nā pono o kāu keiki. Hiki i kāu keiki ke kūpono no nā lawelawe hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā a i ʻole nā mea hoʻokipa kūikawā ʻē aʻe (e like me kahi Polokalamu Hoʻonaʻauao Pilikino). |
| Kōkua e hiki ke noi ʻia |
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Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻAʻole ka palaualelo a i ʻole ka hewa o ke keiki ka Dysgraphia. He maʻi olakino maoli ia e pili ana i ka hana o ka lolo.
- He mea nui loa ka ʻike ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i nā pilikia kākau o ke keiki i ka wā mua.
- ʻOiai ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau kikoʻī no kēia, me ke kākoʻo kūpono, nā hoʻolālā, a me nā hoʻoponopono mai ke kula mai, hiki i ke keiki ke hoʻomau i ke aʻo ʻana me ka holomua.
- Inā loaʻa i kāu keiki kēia mau hōʻailona, e nīnau mua i kāu kauka ʻohana, a laila e kuhikuhi iā lākou i kahi loea kūpono. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka hoʻomaopopo a kōkua i ke keiki, ʻaʻole e hōʻino iā lākou.
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