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E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo EBUS, kahi e hoʻohana ai i kahi kāmela e nānā i loko o nā māmā (Endobronchial Ultrasound).

E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo EBUS, kahi e hoʻohana ai i kahi kāmela e nānā i loko o nā māmā (Endobronchial Ultrasound).

Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i kāu X-ray a i ʻole CT scan, ua haʻi aku anei kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻāʻo EBUS? E makaʻu iki paha ʻoe ke lohe ʻoe i ka inoa. "He aha ka EBUS? Ke hoʻokomo nei lākou i kahi mea i loko o kou mau māmā? E ʻeha anei?" He nui paha kāu mau nīnau i loko o kou manaʻo. Mai hopohopo. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia hoʻāʻo EBUS ma ke ʻano maʻalahi loa , ma ka ʻōlelo hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ʻo EBUS?

E noʻonoʻo e makemake ana ke kauka e nānā pono i kahi pilikia liʻiliʻi i loko o kou mau māmā. ʻO EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasound) kahi hoʻāʻo holomua loa i hana ʻia i ia mau manawa. Ma kēia, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole lahilahi loa me ke kukui a me kahi kāmela liʻiliʻi ma ke alo (kapa mākou i kēia he "bronchoscope") i loko o nā māmā.

Akā, ʻo ka mea kūikawā e pili ana i kēia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma waho aʻe o ke kāmela, aia kekahi mīkini nānā liʻiliʻi "ultrasound" i hoʻopili ʻia ma ka hopena o ka ʻōmole. E like me ke kiʻi ultrasound e nānā ana i kahi pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū, hiki i kēia mīkini liʻiliʻi ke ʻike maopopo i nā ʻiʻo a me nā lymph node i loko a puni nā māmā. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki i ke kauka ke noho i loko o nā māmā a lawe i nā kiʻi o loko.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo EBUS kahi ʻano holomua e hoʻohui i ka ʻenehana ultrasound me kahi kāmela i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā māmā (bronchoscopy) e hana i nā hōʻailona pololei.

He aha nā ʻano nui o nā hoʻokolohua EBUS?

Aia kekahi mau ʻano nui o nā hoʻāʻo EBUS. Na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano kūpono loa iā ʻoe ma muli o kou kūlana olakino.

ʻAno EBUS Wehewehena
ʻO ka ʻimi hoʻoheheʻe Radial EBUS (Ka ʻimi ʻana o ke kaulahao EBUS - RP-EBUS) Hiki i kēia ke komo hohonu i loko o nā māmā, a hiki i nā ala ea lahilahi. Hāʻawi ia i kahi hiʻohiʻona 360-degere maopopo loa . Eia nō naʻe, inā makemake ʻoe e lawe i kahi hāpana ʻiʻo (biopsy) me kēia ʻano hana, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi mea hana ʻokoʻa no kēlā.
ʻŌmole ʻōpuʻu EBUS (CP-EBUS)Hoʻohana ʻia kēia e nānā i nā ala ea nui e like me nā ala ea nui (trachea a me bronchi). ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o kēia, ʻo ia ka hiki ke lawe ʻia kahi hāpana ʻiʻo i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana, inā pono.
ʻEBUS-TBNA ʻAʻole kēia he ʻano ʻokoʻa. Pili kēia i ke ʻano o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hāpana ʻiʻo a wai paha (biopsy) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nila lahilahi i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo CP-EBUS i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo EBUS-Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (TBNA).

No ke aha e noi ʻia ai ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻokolohua EBUS?

ʻO ka maʻamau, e ʻōlelo aku ke kauka i kahi EBUS ke pono lākou e noiʻi hou aku i kahi mea a lākou i ʻike ai ma kahi X-ray a i ʻole CT scan. Hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke ʻike a hōʻoia i kekahi mau maʻi.

  • No ka nānā ʻana i ke kanesa o ka māmā a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kona pae.
  • No ka ʻike ʻana i nā pilikia ma ka hakahaka ma waena o nā māmā (mediastinum).
  • No ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi māmā a me nā abscesses.
  • No ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā maʻi mumū ʻē aʻe o ka māmā e like me Sarcoidosis a me Silicosis.
  • No ka nānā ʻana i nā kūlana e like me ka hāiki ʻana o nā alaloa ala (stenosis).
  • No ka nānā ʻana i nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi i loko o ka māmā (nā nodules pulmonary).

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai au no kēia hoʻokolohua?

E hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā kuhikuhi kikoʻī ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. Mai makaʻu e nīnau inā he mea āu e kānalua nei. ʻO ka maʻamau, pono ʻoe e hana i kēia mau mea:

  • E hana i kekahi mau hoʻāʻo koko ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.
  • Mai ʻai a inu no kekahi mau hola ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo (hoʻokē ʻai).
  • E haʻi aku paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā lāʻau hoʻokahe koko) no kekahi mau lā . E haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe ai, ʻoiai nā huaora.
  • ʻO ka mea nui loa: ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokele ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo, e hoʻonohonoho i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home ma mua.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo?

ʻOiai paha he mea weliweli iki kēia, he mea ia i hana ʻia me ka palekana a me ka ʻole o ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole.

Ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo

  • E hoʻomoe ʻia ʻoe ma luna o kahi moe a, inā pono, e kōkua ʻia i ke kūlana kūpono.
  • Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi cannula liʻiliʻi (`(IV)`) i loko o kahi aa koko ma kou lima, kahi eE hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i ka lāʻau hoʻomaha a i ʻole ka anesthesia laulā e hoʻomaha ai iā ʻoe. E pale aku kēia iā ʻoe mai ka ʻeha.
  • Hoʻopili ʻia kahi pīpī hoʻomāno i kou waha a i ʻole kou ihu. E kōkua kēia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i kekahi ʻeha āu e manaʻo ai i ka wā e hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka ʻōmole.

I ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo

Ma hope o kou hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻana a ua mae kou waha/puʻu, e hoʻokomo pono ke kauka pulmonologist i kahi bronchoscope ma kou waha a i ʻole kou ihu a i loko o kou mau māmā. ʻOiai e nānā ana i ka mea nānā scan, e nānā lākou i ka wahi. Inā pono, e lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo (biopsy) no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. Hiki i ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa ke hala ma waena o 30 a me 90 mau minuke. E wehe pono ʻia ka ʻōmole ke pau ke kaʻina hana.

He aha kāu e manaʻo ai ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo?

Ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, e mālama ʻia ʻoe ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana o ke kauka no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha hola. Ke hoʻi hou ʻoe i ka ʻike a maopopo ʻaʻole ʻoe e pilikia i ka ale ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka home.

Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻeha liʻiliʻi e like me kēia no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana:

  • ʻO ka ʻāʻī ʻeha
  • Ka leo haʻalulu
  • ʻUmi iki

Mea nui: He mea maʻamau ka ʻū ʻana i kahi koko liʻiliʻi ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. E nalo ana kēia i loko o kekahi mau hola a i ʻole hoʻokahi lā. Eia nō naʻe, inā hoʻomau ke kahe ʻana o ke koko no kekahi mau lā a inā he nui ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, e hoʻomaopopo koke i kāu kauka.

He aha nā pilikia a me nā pono o kēia hoʻokolohua?

He hana haʻahaʻa loa ka pilikia o EBUS. Eia nō naʻe, e like me nā hana lapaʻau āpau, aia kekahi mau pilikia kakaikahi e hiki ke loaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pono o kēia hana ma mua o lākou.

Nā Pōmaikaʻi Nā pilikia - (kākaʻikahi)
ʻO ka hiki ke hele i nā wahi a pau i loko o nā māmā a loaʻa nā kiʻi maopopo loa . Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.
ʻO ka hiki ke hana i ka hoʻāʻo a me ka biopsy i ka manawa like, me ka ʻole o ʻelua mau kaʻina hana kaʻawale. Nā kūlana maʻi.
Ke hana nei i ke kaʻina hana me ka ʻole o ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻoki nui e like me ke ʻoki ʻana a me ka hopena liʻiliʻi ma ke kino ('minimally invasive'). Pūmāmā i hiolo.
ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻi i ka home i ka lā hoʻokahi me ka noho ʻole ʻana i ka haukapila (kaʻina hana ma waho). Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā he mau hopohopo a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻē aʻe āu, e kāhea i kāu kauka. E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau, ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona:

  • kuni
  • ʻEha umauma
  • Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana
  • Ka paʻakikī ke ale ʻana i kahi mea
  • Ke ʻū mau nei i ke koko
  • ʻAʻole hiki ke mimi

Leka Lawe-Home

  • He hoʻāʻo palekana a holomua hoʻi ʻo EBUS i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi o ka māmā, ʻoiai nā kūlana e like me ke kanesa.
  • Hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo ma lalo o ka anesthesia, no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi ʻeha.
  • ʻAʻole kēia he ʻoki kino. Haʻahaʻa loa ka pilikia no ka mea ʻaʻohe ʻoki nui i loko o ke kino.
  • He mea nui loa e hahai pono i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.
  • Inā he mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu, e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana iā lākou. He mea hōʻoluʻolu nui ia ke ʻike i nā mea āpau.

EBUS, Endobronchial Ultrasound, bronchoscopy, biopsy māmā, hoʻāʻo māmā, maʻi ʻaʻai māmā, biopsy, maʻi hanu, ʻike ʻana i ke kanesa māmā, hoʻāʻo pulmonary, EBUS-TBNA
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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ʻAʻohe manaʻo i kau ʻia. Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo ma ʻaneʻi no ka manawa mua.

Hoʻohui i kāu manaʻo

E ʻoluʻolu e helu: 4 + 1 =
E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo EBUS, kahi e hoʻohana ai i kahi kāmela e nānā i loko o nā māmā (Endobronchial Ultrasound).

E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo EBUS, kahi e hoʻohana ai i kahi kāmela e nānā i loko o nā māmā (Endobronchial Ultrasound).

Ma hope o ka nānā ʻana i kāu X-ray a i ʻole CT scan, ua haʻi aku anei kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻāʻo EBUS? E makaʻu iki paha ʻoe ke lohe ʻoe i ka inoa. "He aha ka EBUS? Ke hoʻokomo nei lākou i kahi mea i loko o kou mau māmā? E ʻeha anei?" He nui paha kāu mau nīnau i loko o kou manaʻo. Mai hopohopo. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia hoʻāʻo EBUS ma ke ʻano maʻalahi loa , ma ka ʻōlelo hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ʻo EBUS?

E noʻonoʻo e makemake ana ke kauka e nānā pono i kahi pilikia liʻiliʻi i loko o kou mau māmā. ʻO EBUS (Endobronchial Ultrasound) kahi hoʻāʻo holomua loa i hana ʻia i ia mau manawa. Ma kēia, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole lahilahi loa me ke kukui a me kahi kāmela liʻiliʻi ma ke alo (kapa mākou i kēia he "bronchoscope") i loko o nā māmā.

Akā, ʻo ka mea kūikawā e pili ana i kēia, ʻo ia hoʻi, ma waho aʻe o ke kāmela, aia kekahi mīkini nānā liʻiliʻi "ultrasound" i hoʻopili ʻia ma ka hopena o ka ʻōmole. E like me ke kiʻi ultrasound e nānā ana i kahi pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū, hiki i kēia mīkini liʻiliʻi ke ʻike maopopo i nā ʻiʻo a me nā lymph node i loko a puni nā māmā. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki i ke kauka ke noho i loko o nā māmā a lawe i nā kiʻi o loko.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo EBUS kahi ʻano holomua e hoʻohui i ka ʻenehana ultrasound me kahi kāmela i hoʻokomo ʻia i loko o nā māmā (bronchoscopy) e hana i nā hōʻailona pololei.

He aha nā ʻano nui o nā hoʻokolohua EBUS?

Aia kekahi mau ʻano nui o nā hoʻāʻo EBUS. Na kāu kauka e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano kūpono loa iā ʻoe ma muli o kou kūlana olakino.

ʻAno EBUS Wehewehena
ʻO ka ʻimi hoʻoheheʻe Radial EBUS (Ka ʻimi ʻana o ke kaulahao EBUS - RP-EBUS) Hiki i kēia ke komo hohonu i loko o nā māmā, a hiki i nā ala ea lahilahi. Hāʻawi ia i kahi hiʻohiʻona 360-degere maopopo loa . Eia nō naʻe, inā makemake ʻoe e lawe i kahi hāpana ʻiʻo (biopsy) me kēia ʻano hana, pono ʻoe e hoʻohana i kahi mea hana ʻokoʻa no kēlā.
ʻŌmole ʻōpuʻu EBUS (CP-EBUS)Hoʻohana ʻia kēia e nānā i nā ala ea nui e like me nā ala ea nui (trachea a me bronchi). ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o kēia, ʻo ia ka hiki ke lawe ʻia kahi hāpana ʻiʻo i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana, inā pono.
ʻEBUS-TBNA ʻAʻole kēia he ʻano ʻokoʻa. Pili kēia i ke ʻano o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hāpana ʻiʻo a wai paha (biopsy) me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi nila lahilahi i ka wā o ka hoʻokolokolo CP-EBUS i ʻōlelo ʻia ma luna. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo EBUS-Transbronchial Needle Aspiration (TBNA).

No ke aha e noi ʻia ai ʻoe e hana i kahi hoʻokolohua EBUS?

ʻO ka maʻamau, e ʻōlelo aku ke kauka i kahi EBUS ke pono lākou e noiʻi hou aku i kahi mea a lākou i ʻike ai ma kahi X-ray a i ʻole CT scan. Hiki i kēia hoʻāʻo ke ʻike a hōʻoia i kekahi mau maʻi.

  • No ka nānā ʻana i ke kanesa o ka māmā a me ka hoʻoholo ʻana i kona pae.
  • No ka ʻike ʻana i nā pilikia ma ka hakahaka ma waena o nā māmā (mediastinum).
  • No ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi māmā a me nā abscesses.
  • No ka hōʻoia ʻana i nā maʻi mumū ʻē aʻe o ka māmā e like me Sarcoidosis a me Silicosis.
  • No ka nānā ʻana i nā kūlana e like me ka hāiki ʻana o nā alaloa ala (stenosis).
  • No ka nānā ʻana i nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi i loko o ka māmā (nā nodules pulmonary).

Pehea e hoʻomākaukau ai au no kēia hoʻokolohua?

E hāʻawi kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā kuhikuhi kikoʻī ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. Mai makaʻu e nīnau inā he mea āu e kānalua nei. ʻO ka maʻamau, pono ʻoe e hana i kēia mau mea:

  • E hana i kekahi mau hoʻāʻo koko ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.
  • Mai ʻai a inu no kekahi mau hola ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo (hoʻokē ʻai).
  • E haʻi aku paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā lāʻau hoʻokahe koko) no kekahi mau lā . E haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau āu e lawe ai, ʻoiai nā huaora.
  • ʻO ka mea nui loa: ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻokele ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo, e hoʻonohonoho i kekahi e hoʻokele iā ʻoe i ka home ma mua.

He aha ka mea e hana ʻia i ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo?

ʻOiai paha he mea weliweli iki kēia, he mea ia i hana ʻia me ka palekana a me ka ʻole o ka ʻoluʻolu ʻole.

Ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo

  • E hoʻomoe ʻia ʻoe ma luna o kahi moe a, inā pono, e kōkua ʻia i ke kūlana kūpono.
  • Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi cannula liʻiliʻi (`(IV)`) i loko o kahi aa koko ma kou lima, kahi eE hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i ka lāʻau hoʻomaha a i ʻole ka anesthesia laulā e hoʻomaha ai iā ʻoe. E pale aku kēia iā ʻoe mai ka ʻeha.
  • Hoʻopili ʻia kahi pīpī hoʻomāno i kou waha a i ʻole kou ihu. E kōkua kēia i ka hōʻemi ʻana i kekahi ʻeha āu e manaʻo ai i ka wā e hoʻokomo ʻia ai ka ʻōmole.

I ka wā o ka hoʻāʻo

Ma hope o kou hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia ʻana a ua mae kou waha/puʻu, e hoʻokomo pono ke kauka pulmonologist i kahi bronchoscope ma kou waha a i ʻole kou ihu a i loko o kou mau māmā. ʻOiai e nānā ana i ka mea nānā scan, e nānā lākou i ka wahi. Inā pono, e lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo (biopsy) no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. Hiki i ke kaʻina hana holoʻokoʻa ke hala ma waena o 30 a me 90 mau minuke. E wehe pono ʻia ka ʻōmole ke pau ke kaʻina hana.

He aha kāu e manaʻo ai ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo?

Ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana, e mālama ʻia ʻoe ma lalo o ka nānā ʻana o ke kauka no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha hola. Ke hoʻi hou ʻoe i ka ʻike a maopopo ʻaʻole ʻoe e pilikia i ka ale ʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻi i ka home.

Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻeha liʻiliʻi e like me kēia no hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha lā ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana:

  • ʻO ka ʻāʻī ʻeha
  • Ka leo haʻalulu
  • ʻUmi iki

Mea nui: He mea maʻamau ka ʻū ʻana i kahi koko liʻiliʻi ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana. E nalo ana kēia i loko o kekahi mau hola a i ʻole hoʻokahi lā. Eia nō naʻe, inā hoʻomau ke kahe ʻana o ke koko no kekahi mau lā a inā he nui ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, e hoʻomaopopo koke i kāu kauka.

He aha nā pilikia a me nā pono o kēia hoʻokolohua?

He hana haʻahaʻa loa ka pilikia o EBUS. Eia nō naʻe, e like me nā hana lapaʻau āpau, aia kekahi mau pilikia kakaikahi e hiki ke loaʻa. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka nui o nā pono o kēia hana ma mua o lākou.

Nā Pōmaikaʻi Nā pilikia - (kākaʻikahi)
ʻO ka hiki ke hele i nā wahi a pau i loko o nā māmā a loaʻa nā kiʻi maopopo loa . Ke kahe ʻana o ke koko.
ʻO ka hiki ke hana i ka hoʻāʻo a me ka biopsy i ka manawa like, me ka ʻole o ʻelua mau kaʻina hana kaʻawale. Nā kūlana maʻi.
Ke hana nei i ke kaʻina hana me ka ʻole o ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻoki nui e like me ke ʻoki ʻana a me ka hopena liʻiliʻi ma ke kino ('minimally invasive'). Pūmāmā i hiolo.
ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻi i ka home i ka lā hoʻokahi me ka noho ʻole ʻana i ka haukapila (kaʻina hana ma waho). Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā he mau hopohopo a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona ʻē aʻe āu, e kāhea i kāu kauka. E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau, ʻoiai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona:

  • kuni
  • ʻEha umauma
  • Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana
  • Ka paʻakikī ke ale ʻana i kahi mea
  • Ke ʻū mau nei i ke koko
  • ʻAʻole hiki ke mimi

Leka Lawe-Home

  • He hoʻāʻo palekana a holomua hoʻi ʻo EBUS i hoʻohana ʻia no ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi o ka māmā, ʻoiai nā kūlana e like me ke kanesa.
  • Hana ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo ma lalo o ka anesthesia, no laila ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi ʻeha.
  • ʻAʻole kēia he ʻoki kino. Haʻahaʻa loa ka pilikia no ka mea ʻaʻohe ʻoki nui i loko o ke kino.
  • He mea nui loa e hahai pono i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka ma mua a ma hope o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana.
  • Inā he mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu, e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana iā lākou. He mea hōʻoluʻolu nui ia ke ʻike i nā mea āpau.

EBUS, Endobronchial Ultrasound, bronchoscopy, biopsy māmā, hoʻāʻo māmā, maʻi ʻaʻai māmā, biopsy, maʻi hanu, ʻike ʻana i ke kanesa māmā, hoʻāʻo pulmonary, EBUS-TBNA
⚠️ Important: The medical articles and information on Nirogi Lanka are for general awareness only, and are by no means a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. For any medical problem you have, consult a qualified physician immediately.

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