Ke moni ʻoe i kahi meaʻai, ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea e hele ai i kou ʻōpū? A i ʻole ke manaʻo nei ʻoe i kekahi manawa i kahi ʻeha wela i loko o kou umauma ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i kahi meaʻai ʻala, a noʻonoʻo ʻoe, "Auē, he aha kēia?"? Ua loaʻa iā mākou a pau kēia mau ʻike. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ko mākou kino e pili ana i kēia mau mea a pau. ʻO ia ka esophagus, a i ʻole e like me ka mea i kapa ʻia ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania, `(Esophagus)`.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka esophagus?
ʻO ka esophagus, ʻo ia hoʻi, ko kākou paipu meaʻai. ʻO ia hoʻi, he ʻōmole ʻiʻo ia e lawe ana i ka meaʻai a me nā wai mai kou puʻu a i kou ʻōpū. He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa ia o kā mākou ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe. Ke ale mākou i ka meaʻai, ʻaʻole ia e hele pololei i loko o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ka esophagus ke alahaka e lawe ana iā ia i ka ʻōpū ma ke ʻano maʻamau a palekana.
E noʻonoʻo ʻoe e moni ana i kahi waha piha o ka laiki. ʻO ka mea mua, hele ia mai kou waha a i kou puʻu. Ma laila, pani ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o nā ʻiʻo, i kapa ʻia ʻo ka epiglottis. Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i ke kumu? ʻO ia ke pale ʻana i kāu meaʻai mai ka hele hewa ʻana, i loko o kou windpipe (trachea). Aia kekahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o kou puʻu i kapa ʻia ʻo ka uvula e pale ana i ka mea āu e inu ai mai ke komo ʻana i loko o kou ihu. Hana ʻia kēia mau mea a pau me ka ʻike ʻole ʻoe. ʻAʻole anei he mea kupaianaha?
Pehea ka hana ʻana o ka esophagus? He ʻano hana kupaianaha loa ia!
He hana ʻano ʻē loa kēia. Ma ka piko a me lalo o ka esophagus, aia ʻelua mau apo o nā ʻiʻo e hana ana e like me nā puka ʻelua. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau "sphincters".
1. ʻO ka Sphincter Esophageal Luna: Maanei kahi e hoʻomaka ai ka esophagus. Ke moni ʻoe i ka meaʻai, loaʻa i kēia valve kahi hōʻailona e ʻōlelo ana, "Eia mai ka meaʻai." I kēlā manawa, wehe ia. Ma hope o ke komo ʻana o ka meaʻai, pani hou ia. I nā manawa ʻē aʻe, pani paʻa ʻia.
2. Peristalsis: Ke komo ka meaʻai i loko o ka esophagus, ʻaʻole ia e hāʻule wale i lalo. Hoʻopaʻa nā ʻiʻo i loko o nā paia o ka esophagus (contract) e like me ka nalu, e paʻi ana i ka meaʻai i lalo. ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he "peristalsis." Hoʻoneʻe kēia kaʻina hana i ka meaʻai i loko o ka ʻōpū inā ʻoe e kū ana a moe paha.
3. ʻO ka sphincter esophageal lalo (LES): Ma hope o ka iho ʻana o ka meaʻai i lalo, aia kekahi puka ʻē aʻe ma mua o kona komo ʻana i loko o ka ʻōpū. ʻO ia ka sphincter lalo. E like me ka mea o luna, wehe pū kēia i ka wā e komo mai ai ka meaʻai a hoʻokuʻu i ka meaʻai e hele i loko o ka ʻōpū. A laila pani paʻa hou ia.
He mea nui loa ia e pani pono kēia puka haʻahaʻa. No ka mea, pale kēia puka i ka waikawa o ka ʻōpū a me nā wai ʻai mai ka hoʻi ʻana mai i luna, ʻo ia hoʻi, i loko o ka esophagus. ʻO ke kumu nui o ka pilikia o ka "gastritis" a i ʻole "heartburn" i loaʻa i nā kānaka he nui, ʻo ia ka hana pono ʻole o kēia puka haʻahaʻa.
ʻO ka esophagus a me ka trachea - e ʻike kākou i ka ʻokoʻa pololei ma waena o nā mea ʻelua
He nui ka poʻe e huikau nei i nā mea ʻelua. ʻO ka esophagus a me ka trachea he mau ʻōmole ʻelua e kokoke ana kekahi i kekahi ma ka ʻāʻī, akā he ʻokoʻa loa kā lāua mau hana.
| ʻAno | ʻEsophagus | Trachea |
|---|---|---|
| ʻŌnaehana | ʻĀpana o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe | ʻĀpana o ka ʻōnaehana hanu |
| Hana nui | Ka lawe ʻana i ka meaʻai a me ka mea inu mai ka puʻu a i ka ʻōpū | Ke lawe ʻana i ka ea (hanu ʻana) i loko a i waho o nā māmā |
| Kahi | Aia ma hope o ka trachea a ma mua o ka iwi kuamoʻo | Aia ma ke alo o ka esophagus |
He aha nā maʻi a me nā kūlana maʻamau e hoʻopilikia ai i ka esophagus?
Hiki i kā mākou meaʻai ke hoʻoulu i nā maʻi like ʻole. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau mea.
ʻO ka mumū o ka umauma a me ke kūlana GERD
ʻO kēia ka pilikia maʻamau. ʻAʻole pani pono ka sphincter esophageal haʻahaʻa (LES) aʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, e ʻae ana i ka waikawa o ka ʻōpū e kahe hou i luna i loko o ka esophagus, ʻo ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he "Acid Reflux". ʻO kēia ke kumu o ka heartburn.
Inā hoʻomau kēia 'Acid Reflux' a hana pinepine ʻia, kapa mākou iā ia he Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) . He maʻi koʻikoʻi kēia. Ma waho aʻe o ka heartburn, hiki ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻono ʻawaʻawa i ka waha, ka ʻū ʻana, ka ʻeha o ka umauma, ka leo haʻalulu, a me ka paʻakikī i ka ale ʻana. Inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia ʻo GERD, hiki iā ia ke hōʻeha nui i ka esophagus i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.
Nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe
Ma waho aʻe o ka GERD, hiki ke hana ʻia kekahi mau pilikia ʻē aʻe.
| Kūlana olakino | I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi... |
|---|---|
| ʻAkalasia | He maʻi laha ʻole kēia. ʻO ka mea e hana ʻia ma ʻaneʻi, ʻaʻole e wehe ka sphincter esophageal haʻahaʻa (LES) i ka wā e pono ai. No laila, ʻaʻole hiki i ka meaʻai ke hele i loko o ka ʻōpū. |
| ʻO ka Diverticulum Esophageal | He ʻeke liʻiliʻi e puka mai ana mai kahi nāwaliwali ma ka paia o ka esophagus. Inā nui kēia ʻeke, hiki ke paʻa ka meaʻai a hiki ʻole ke ale ʻia. |
| Nā ʻano ʻokoʻa o ka esophagus | Ka pehu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko i loko o ka esophagus. Inā pohā a kahe ke koko, hiki iā lākou ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. |
| ʻO ka ʻōpū | Ka mumū o ka uhi o ka esophagus. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e ka reflux acid, nā maʻi, a i ʻole kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau. |
| ʻO ka ʻEsophagus o Barrett | ʻO ka GERD lōʻihi ke kumu o nā loli i nā pūnaewele o ka esophagus haʻahaʻa, kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal. |
He mea kākaʻikahi loa, hiki ke loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai esophageal. ʻElua ʻano nui: adenocarcinoma a me squamous cell carcinoma.
Pehea ʻoe e ʻike ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau pilikia? He aha nā hōʻailona?
Inā he pilikia kou me kou esophagus, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā ʻano hōʻailona like ʻole. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau mea, he mea nui e makaʻala.
- ʻĀʻī puʻuwai:Me he mea lā e ʻā ana ma waenakonu o ka umauma, ma hope o nā iwi.
- Paʻakikī i ka moni ʻana (Dysphagia): He manaʻo o ka ʻū ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻeha i ka wā e moni ai i ka meaʻai.
- Regurgitation: Ka hoʻi ʻana o ka meaʻai i ʻeli ʻole ʻia i loko o ka waha.
- ʻEha umauma: He manaʻo o ka paʻa a i ʻole ka ʻeha ma ka umauma, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole ia e like me ka hāʻule puʻuwai.
- ʻŪhū mau: He ʻūhū e lilo i mea ʻino aʻe, ʻoi aku hoʻi i ka pō.
- Ka leo haʻalulu a i ʻole ka ʻāʻī ʻeha.
- Hanu ʻino (Halitosis).
- Ka wiwi ʻana me ke kumu ʻole.
- Ka luaʻi ʻana a i ʻole ka luaʻi ʻana i ke koko.
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona, ʻoiai ka paʻakikī i ka moni ʻana, ka paʻa ʻana o ka meaʻai, ka luaʻi ʻana i ke koko, a i ʻole ka pohō kaumaha nui, e ʻike koke i kāu kauka . He mau hōʻailona paha kēia o kahi mea ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi ma mua o ka gastritis maʻalahi.
Pehea e ʻike ai ke kauka i kēia mau kūlana?
Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka, e nīnau ʻo ia e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a, inā pono, e paipai i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua. Mai hopohopo, ʻo ia nā mea e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike pono i ka mea i pilikia.
- ʻO ka Endoscopy Kiʻekiʻe: ʻO kēia ke komo ʻana i kahi ʻōmole lahilahi a palupalu me kahi kāmela ma o ka waha e nānā i ka esophagus, ka ʻōpū, a me ka hapa mua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi. ʻAe kēia i kahi nānā maopopo i loko no kekahi mau ʻeha, mumū, a i ʻole nā loli.
- Biopsy: I ka wā o ka endoscopy, lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo mai kahi kānalua a hoʻouna ʻia i ka hale hana e hoʻāʻo ʻia. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā he mau hunaola kanesa.
- Barium Swallow: Ma kēia hoʻāʻo , hāʻawi ʻia ʻoe i kahi wai ʻōniʻoniʻo e inu. A laila, lawe ʻia kekahi mau kiʻi X-ray. ʻAe ka wai barium i ka X-ray e hōʻike maopopo i ke ʻano o ka esophagus a pehea e neʻe ai ka meaʻai ma o ia mea.
- Hoʻāʻo pH esophageal: Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole lahilahi loa ma o ka ihu i loko o ka esophagus a waiho ʻia ma kahi no 24 mau hola e ana i ka pinepine a me ka lōʻihi o ka piʻi ʻana o ka waikawa o ka ʻōpū. Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻoholo pololei ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi o GERD.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai?
Aia nā koho lapaʻau i ke kūlana āu e loaʻa nei. I kekahi manawa, hiki i nā loli o ka ʻai a me ke ʻano o ka nohona ke hana i kahi ʻokoʻa nui. Pono kekahi poʻe i ka lāʻau lapaʻau, aʻo kekahi poʻe e pono paha ke ʻoki kino.
Nā ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau
- Nā Antacids: Hoʻopau kēia i ka waikawa i loko o ka ʻōpū no kekahi manawa. Hoʻohana ʻia lākou e hāʻawi i ka hōʻoluʻolu wikiwiki mai ka ʻāʻī ʻana o ka ʻōpū.
- Nā mea pale i ka mea hoʻokipa H-2:Hoʻemi kēia i ka hana ʻana o ka waikawa o ka ʻōpū.
- Nā mea pale ʻana i ka pamu proton (PPI): ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o kēia mau mea i ka pale ʻana i ka hana ʻakika ma mua o nā mea pale H-2, a kōkua pū lākou i ka ho'ōla ʻana i ka pōʻino o ka esophagus i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka waikawa.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe: Hoʻemi nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me Baclofen i ka wehe ʻole ʻia o ka sphincter esophageal haʻahaʻa (LES).
Nā kaʻina hana kūikawā a me nā ʻoki kino
- Ka Hoʻonui ʻana o ka Esophageal: Inā ua emi ka esophagus (stricture) ma muli o ka mumū lōʻihi, hoʻohana ʻia kahi mea e like me ka balloon e hoʻonui i ka ʻāpana i emi.
- ʻO ke ʻoki kino Laparoscopic Antireflux: Pili kēia i ka lawe ʻana i ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka ʻōpū a kāʻei iā ia a puni ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa o ka esophagus, e hana ana i kahi valve hou. Hoʻoikaika kēia i ka sphincter esophageal haʻahaʻa (LES) a pale i ka waikawa mai ka piʻi ʻana mai.
- Ke hoʻokomo ʻana o ka hāmeʻa LINX: Ua hoʻokomo ʻia kahi hāmeʻa e like me ke apo magnetic a puni ka esophagus lalo. Pale kēia i ka waikawa mai ka piʻi ʻana mai, akā e ʻae i ka meaʻai e hele i lalo me ka maʻalahi.
- ʻEsophagectomy: I nā hihia koʻikoʻi loa, e like me ke kanesa, pono e wehe ʻia ka esophagus.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa ka esophagus o kā mākou ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe. He mea nui kāna hana kūpono no ke ola olakino.
- Mai hoʻowahāwahā i nā hōʻailona e like me ka ʻeha puʻuwai pinepine, ka ʻono ʻawaʻawa i ka waha, a i ʻole ka paʻakikī i ka ale ʻana e like me ka mea maʻamau. Hiki iā lākou ke lilo i mau hōʻailona mua o kahi maʻi.
- ʻOiai nā mea maʻalahi e like me ka palena ʻana i nā mea ʻala a me nā mea ʻaila, ke kofe, a me ke kokoleka, a me ka moe ʻole ʻana no 2-3 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana i ka pō, hiki ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i ka hōʻoluʻolu nui.
- Inā he mau hopohopo kāu e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona, mai makaʻu e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka . He mea nui ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻailona kūpono a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o ka lāʻau ponoʻī.
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