E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka Geographic Atrophy, ka mea e hoʻopilikia malū i kou ʻike.

Ke manaʻo nei ʻoe i kekahi manawa e emi mālie ana kou ʻike, ʻoiai ke nānā pololei ʻoe i mua, a ʻaʻole maopopo ke kikowaena o kou ʻike, e like me kahi wahi ʻeleʻele? Ke paʻakikī nei iā ʻoe ke heluhelu i kahi puke a nūpepa paha, a i ʻole e ʻike i nā mea i ka pōʻeleʻele? No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka Geographic Atrophy, kahi maʻi maka e hiki ke loaʻa i kekahi poʻe me ka ʻelemakule. Mai hopohopo, he mea nui loa ka makaʻala i kēia.

He aha ka Geographic Atrophy?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo Geographic Atrophy ka inoa lapaʻau no ke kahua koʻikoʻi loa, hope loa o ka macular degeneration e pili ana i ka makahiki maloʻo (AMD), kahi maʻi e hoʻopilikia i nā maka i ko kākou ʻelemakule ʻana. Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka macular degeneration. ʻO kēia ka wā e hōʻino ʻia ai ka macula , kahi ʻāpana koʻikoʻi o ka retina i loko o ko kākou mau maka.

E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, ʻo nā mea āu e ʻike maopopo ai ke nānā pololei ʻoe i mua, e like me nā leka ke heluhelu ʻoe i kahi puke, a i ʻole ke alo ke nānā ʻoe i kekahi, ʻo ia nā mea a pau a ka macula e kōkua ai iā mākou e ʻike maopopo. No laila, i ka wā e loaʻa ai ka Geographic Atrophy, ʻo ka ʻike waena ka mea i hoʻopilikia nui ʻia. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka ʻike peripheral, a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea i ʻike ʻia mai nā ʻaoʻao.

Hoʻopilikia pinepine kēia ʻano i nā maka ʻelua (bilaterally). Hiki i ke kanaka me ka geographic atrophy ke ʻike i kahi wahi ʻeleʻele (scotoma) ma waenakonu o ka maka ke nānā pololei i mua, a hiki ke emi ka ʻike maka.

Pehea ka maʻamau o ka Geographic Atrophy?

Hoʻopilikia ia ma mua o 8 miliona mau kānaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa. ʻO Geographic Atrophy kahi maʻi e hoʻopilikia ana ma kahi o 20% o ka poʻe me ka macular degeneration e pili ana i ka makahiki (AMD). No laila, ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻamau.

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He aha nā hōʻailona o ka Geographic Atrophy?

I kēia kūlana, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike maka : I ka pololei, lilo nā mea i mea ʻaʻole maopopo a ʻoi.
• Paʻakikī i ka heluhelu ʻana, ka hoʻokele ʻana, a me ka hana lima : Hiki ke paʻakikī ke hana i kekahi hana e pono ai ka ʻike pololei. Hiki ke paʻakikī nā mea e like me ka heluhelu ʻana i nā paʻi liʻiliʻi ma ka nūpepa, ka nānā ʻana i ke kīwī, a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i ka nila.
• He wahi ʻeleʻele, a he wahi makapō paha, ma kou ʻike waena: ʻO ka wahi āu e nānā ai wale nō e ʻike ʻia he ʻeleʻele, e like me kahi hakahaka.
• Paʻakikī ke ʻike ʻana i ka mālamalama haʻahaʻa : I ke ahiahi, lilo nā mea i mea ʻike ʻole ʻia i nā wahi haʻahaʻa.
• Ke lilo nei nā waihoʻoluʻu i mea palalulu a i ʻole ke ʻano ʻālohilohi ʻole : ʻO nā mea i nani ke kala ma mua, i kēia manawa ke ʻano palalulu a ʻeleʻele hoʻi.

ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo Geographic Atrophy kahi kūlana e kū mai ana i ka hopena o ka macular degeneration e pili ana i ka makahiki. No laila, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona i nā pae mua , a ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa nui inā hoʻokahi wale nō maka i hoʻopilikia ʻia.

He aha nā kumu o ka Geographic Atrophy?

E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻo kēia ka pae hope loa o ka AMD maloʻo. ʻAʻole maopopo i nā kānaka noiʻi ke kumu o kēia mau loli i loko o ka maka e ulu ai i ka atrophy geographic. Eia nō naʻe, manaʻo lākou he hana i kapa ʻia ʻo ka complement cascade , ʻo ia kekahi ʻāpana o ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino, e pili ana. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, aia kekahi hana i loko o ka ʻōnaehana pale o ko mākou kino e hana hewa ana a kōkua i kēia pōʻino. Eia kekahi, hiki i nā mea genetic (ʻo ia hoʻi, nā mea i hoʻoili ʻia mai kēlā hanauna a i kēia hanauna) a me nā mea pili i ke kaiapuni ke pāʻani i kahi kuleana.

ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai, ʻaʻole he maʻi lele ka geographic atrophy. ʻAʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolaha iā ia i kekahi.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka geographic atrophy?

ʻOiai hiki ke ulu kēia ʻano i loko o kekahi, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o kekahi poʻe. ʻO kēia mau mea:

• Nā kānaka i piha i 60 makahiki a ʻoi paha.
• Poʻe keʻokeʻo (ʻoiai ʻaʻole pili kēia i Sri Lanka, he mea maikaʻi ke ʻike).
• Nā kānaka me nā maka ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
• Inā loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana ka macular degeneration e pili ana i ka makahiki a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kūlana genetic ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia ai i nā maka.
• ʻO ka poʻe i puhi paka a i ʻole i puhi paka ma mua.
• He mea nui loa no ke olakino o ka maka ka poʻe e ʻai haʻahaʻa ana i nā huaʻai a me nā mea kanu, ʻoiai hoʻi nā mea kanu lau ʻōmaʻomaʻo.
• ʻO nā kānaka i hoʻopili nui ʻia i ka lā.
• ʻO ka poʻe me ka ʻike o 20/200 a ʻoi aku paha ka ʻino (ua manaʻo ʻia ka ʻike maʻamau he 20/20).

Eia kekahi, ʻo nā poʻe me nā kūlana olakino ʻē aʻe e like me:

• Ka ʻai ʻole ʻana
• Momona
• Ke koko kiʻekiʻe
• Kolesterol kiʻekiʻe
• ʻO ka maʻi diabetes (Diabetes Mellitus)
• Maʻi puʻuwai coronary

He aha nā pilikia o ka Geographic Atrophy?

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, ʻo ka nalowale o ka ʻike ma muli o ka geographic atrophy he mea mau loa ia . Ke nalowale kou ʻike pololei, hiki ke paʻakikī ke hana i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā e like me:

• Ke heluhelu nei i nā puke.
• Ke hoʻokele nei.
• Ke ʻike ʻana i nā helehelena o kānaka.
• Ke hana nei i kāu mau hana leʻaleʻa maʻamau, nā hana home, a i ʻole nā ​​​​hana lima.

Hiki i kēia ke hoʻolilo i ke ola i mea paʻakikī iki, akā aia kekahi mau ala e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻoponopono.

Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai ka Geographic Atrophy?

E ʻike kāu loea maka i kēia maʻi ma o ka hoʻokolokolo maka a me nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe. E nīnau pū ke kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​nā maʻi olakino ʻē aʻe āu i loaʻa ai, a inā paha ua loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana nā maʻi like.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua i hana ʻia no kēia?

No ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka atrophy geographic, hiki i kāu kauka maka ke kauoha i nā hoʻokolohua e like me:

• ʻO ka autofluorescence fundus: He ʻano hana kēia no ke kiʻi ʻana i nā kiʻi o ka retina i loko o ka maka. Ma kēia, ʻālohilohi kekahi mau mea i loko o ka retina, e like me ka lipofuscin , ma lalo o kahi kukui kūikawā me ka ʻole o ka pono no nā kulu maka. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka ʻike ʻana i nā wahi i hōʻino ʻia.
• ʻO ka tomography coherence optical (OCT): He ʻano hana ʻole kēia no ka lawe ʻana i nā kiʻi o ka retina. Hoʻohana ia i ka mālamalama i hōʻike ʻia. Lawe ia i kahi ʻāpana kea o ka retina a hiki ke ʻike i ka nui o ka pōʻino.
• Microperimetry : He ala kēia e hoʻāʻo ai i kāu kahua ʻike. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka mamao o kou ʻike ʻana a inā paha he mau wahi ʻeleʻele i kou ʻike.
• Multifocal electroretinography : Ma kēia hoʻāʻo, hoʻomālamalama ʻia ke kukui ma luna o kou retina a ana ʻia ka hana uila i ka pane ʻana.

Inā kani iki kēia mau hoʻokolohua, mai hopohopo. E wehewehe kāu kauka i nā mea āpau iā ʻoe.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka Geographic Atrophy?

ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi, ua ʻāpono koke nei ka U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) i ʻelua mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ka manawa mua e mālama ai i ka atrophy geographic. ʻO ia hoʻi ʻo pegcetacoplan (SYOFOVRE™) a me ka avacincaptad pegol (IZERVAY™). He mau inikini intraocular kēia. Hiki i kēia mau inikini ke hoʻolohi i ka holomua o ka atrophy geographic. E hoʻokomo kāu kauka maka i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o kou maka i hoʻokahi manawa i ka mahina a i ʻole i kēlā me kēia ʻelua mahina.

Eia kekahi, hiki i kāu kauka maka ke kuhikuhi i nā ala ʻē aʻe e hoʻokele ai i ka atrophy geographic, e like me:

• Hoʻoponopono hou ʻana i ka ʻike : Pono paha ʻoe i nā mea kōkua ʻike, e like me nā aniani kūikawā a i ʻole nā ​​​​aniani hoʻonui, e kōkua iā ʻoe e hana i kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā.
• Hoʻohui AREDS2Nā mea hoʻohui AREDS2: Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia kēia mau mea hoʻohui antioxidant ma ka Age-Related Eye Disease Study. Hoʻohana kekahi mau kauka iā lākou e mālama i ka AMD maloʻo. Ua hoʻokomo pū ʻia ka beta-carotene i loko o ke ʻano hana mua o AREDS1 me kēia mau mea hoʻohui. Eia nō naʻe, no ka mea ua pili ka beta-carotene me ka hoʻonui ʻia o ka maʻi kanesa o ka māmā i nā mea puhi paka, hoʻokomo pū ʻo AREDS2 i ka lutein , zeaxanthin, vitamin E, zinc oxide , a me ka cupric oxide.
• ʻO ke kelepona liʻiliʻi implantable (IMT): Pili kēia i ka wehe ʻoki ʻana i ka lens maoli o kou maka a hoʻololi iā ia me kēia kelepona liʻiliʻi. Hoʻonui kēia mea hana i nā mea i ka ʻike pololei ʻana a hoʻoikaika iā lākou ma nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ka retina e hana maikaʻi ana.

Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

No ka mea, he mea hou loa nā lāʻau pale hou ʻo Pegcetacoplan lāua ʻo Avacincaptad pegol, ke aʻo nei nā loea i ko lākou pono a me nā pilikia. I kēia manawa, ua ʻike ʻia nā hopena ʻaoʻao e hiki mai ana:

• ʻEha maka.
• He kahe koko ma ke keʻokeʻo o ka maka (Subconjunctival hemorrhage).
• ʻO ke ʻano o nā mea lana i loko o ke kahe i loko o ka maka (vitreous humor).
• Ka neovascularization o ka maka.

He mea nui e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia a koho i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa iā ʻoe.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ka Geographic Atrophy?

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe ala e pale loa ai i ka atrophy geographic, ʻoiai ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia ka macular degeneration e pili ana i ka makahiki e kumu ai.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻāʻo e hōʻemi i kou pilikia o kēia. ʻO ia hoʻi ka nānā ʻana i nā kumu pilikia hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia e hiki ai iā mākou ke hoʻololi. ʻAʻole hiki iā mākou ke hoʻololi i nā mea e like me ka makahiki a me ka lāhui. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i kou pilikia ma ka hana ʻana i kēia mau mea:

• ʻAʻole puhi paka. Inā ʻoe e puhi paka, e hoʻāʻo e haʻalele.
• Ka kaohi maikaʻi ʻana i nā maʻi mau e like me ka maʻi diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka momona, a me ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe.
• E ʻaʻahu i nā aniani maka me nā aniani melemele e pale i kou mau maka i ka wā e hele ai i waho i ka lā.
• E ʻaʻahu i nā aniani palekana kūpono ma ka hana, i ka wā e pāʻani ana i nā haʻuki, a i ʻole ke komo ʻana i nā hana leʻaleʻa.
• Pono ʻoe e hahai i kahi papaʻai olakino a me ka hoʻolālā hoʻoikaika kino. E hoʻokomo pū i nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo, nā mea kanu lāʻau, a me nā huaʻai i kāu papaʻai.

He aha ka mea e hana inā loaʻa iaʻu ka Geographic Atrophy?

Ma keʻano laulā, ʻaʻole maikaʻi loa ka nānā ʻana no ka poʻe me ka geographic atrophy ma ke ʻano o ka ʻike. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa ka hopena o ka maʻi i kēlā me kēia kanaka. Ua lawe mai nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou i kahi manaʻolana.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻaʻole he maʻi make ʻo Geographic Atrophy a ʻaʻole ia e hoʻopilikia i kou ola.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

E haʻi aku kāu kauka maka iā ʻoe i ka pinepine o kou nānā ʻana i kou mau maka. E haʻi koke aku i kāu kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli i kou mau maka a i ʻole ka ʻike.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka nalowale koke o ka ʻike a i ʻole ka ʻeha nui o ka maka, he mea nui e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i ke kauka?

Ke hele ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka, hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i nā nīnau e like me:

• Loaʻa iaʻu ka geographic atrophy a i ʻole kekahi maʻi maka ʻē aʻe?
• He aha nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai iaʻu e hana?
• Ua kūpono anei au i nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou e mālama ai i ka atrophy geographic?
• ʻEhia pinepine e pono ai iaʻu e nānā i koʻu mau maka?
• Hiki iaʻu ke komo i kahi hoʻokolohua lapaʻau?
• He aha nā loli i koʻu mau maka e pono iaʻu e makaʻala?
• Hiki iā ʻoe ke kōkua iaʻu e loaʻa nā lawelawe kākoʻo e hiki ke kōkua iaʻu?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai

He mea maikaʻi ia aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau hou no ka geographic atrophy a ke hoʻomau nei ka noiʻi. Eia nō naʻe, he mea maʻamau ka makaʻu i ka wā e ʻike ai ʻoe he maʻi kou e hiki ke hoʻopilikia mau i kou ʻike.

Mai hopohopo. E haʻi aku kāu kauka maka iā ʻoe i nā mea hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia kūlana, nā mea hiki iā ʻoe ke manaʻo, a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele iā ia. He mea nui e hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka a loaʻa nā hoʻokolohua maka maʻamau . Eia kekahi, ʻo ke kākoʻo o kou ʻohana e lilo i mea kōkua nui i kēia manawa.

ʻO ka Atrophy Geographic , ka Degeneration Macular e pili ana i ka Makahiki, AMD, Macula, Ola Kino o ka Maka, Poho o ka ʻIke, Nā Maʻi Maka