Pono anei kākou e aʻo hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia mau hale hana liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou kino - nā glands?

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe i ka nui o nā mea kupaianaha e hana nei i loko o ko kākou kino? Ua like ia me nā hale hana liʻiliʻi he nui e hana pū ana. Aia kekahi mau ʻōkana liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou kino e hana ana i nā hana koʻikoʻi loa, kapa mākou iā lākou he mau glands . Ua lohe paha ʻoe i kēia huaʻōlelo, akā ua ʻike maopopo anei ʻoe i ke ʻano o kēia mau mea a me kā lākou hana? I kēia lā e kamaʻilio maʻalahi mākou e pili ana iā ia, ma ke ʻano hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

He aha nā glands? I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi...

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he mau ʻāpana kūikawā a i ʻole nā ​​ʻiʻo nā gland e hana a hoʻokuʻu i nā kemika e pono ai no ko mākou kino. E noʻonoʻo iā lākou he mau ʻelele kemika liʻiliʻi e kōkua i ko mākou kino e hana pono. Hoʻokuʻu kekahi mau gland i nā kemika e hoʻopilikia wale i ko lākou wahi kokoke. Eia nō naʻe, aia kekahi mau gland e hoʻokuʻu i nā kemika e hele ana ma ke kino a hana i nā hana koʻikoʻi like ʻole.

Hana ʻia kēia mau kelepa āpau i ka ʻiʻo epithelial, kekahi o nā ʻano ʻiʻo nui ʻehā i loko o ko mākou kino. He loea lākou i ke ʻano o kā lākou hana ʻana a me ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i nā kemika like ʻole.

ʻElua ʻano o nā kelepa - e nānā kākou i ke ʻano o lākou.

ʻElua ʻano nui o nā gland. ʻO lākou kēia:

1. Nā ʻōpū Exocrine

2. Nā ʻōpū endocrine

I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i kēlā me kēia ʻano.

Nā ʻāpana Exocrine - Pehea lākou e hana ai?

He mau kahawai liʻiliʻi e like me ka paipu i kapa ʻia ʻo "Ducts" e lawe i nā mea a lākou e hana ai. E like me ka wai e puka mai ana mai kahi piula wai, ʻo kēia mau kahawai kahi e hele ai kā lākou huahana i kahi e pono ai. Eia kekahi mau laʻana āu e kamaʻāina ai:

• Ka waiū umauma mai nā makuahine a i nā pēpē
• Kōkua nā enzymes Digestive iā mākou e hoʻoheheʻe i ka meaʻai a mākou e ʻai ai.
• ʻO ka mucus mai ka ihu
• Luha
• Hou
• Hiki mai nā waimaka i ka wā e uē ai kākou.

ʻO kēia mau mea a pau i hana ʻia e nā kelepa exocrine.

Nā ʻōpū Endocrine - He aha ka mea kūikawā e pili ana iā lākou?

He ʻokoʻa iki kēia ʻano gland. Hoʻokuʻu lākou i nā kemika a lākou e hana ai i loko o ke koko . ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe o lākou mau ducts e like me nā glands exocrine. No ka mea, hele lākou ma ke kino holoʻokoʻa me ke koko, hiki i nā kemika a me nā mea a lākou e hana ai ke pōmaikaʻi i ke kino holoʻokoʻa. Kāhea pinepine mākou i kēia mau hormones .

Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

• Nā protein paʻakikī e kōkua i ke kāpili ʻana o ke koko, no ka laʻana , nā mea hana clotting .
• ʻO nā hormones e kōkua i kā mākou metabolism (hana a hoʻohana i ka ikehu i loko o ke kino), no ka laʻana ʻo 'Ghrelin', ka mea e kāohi ana i ka pōloliʻO Glucagon a me Insulin , ka mea e hoʻomalu i nā pae kō koko.
• ʻO kekahi o nā neurotransmitters e lawe i nā leka i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana nerve ʻo adrenaline a me norepinephrine .
• Pili nā hormones wahine i ko kākou ʻano moekolohe a me ka ʻōnaehana hānau keiki, no ka laʻana , ʻo ka estrogen i nā wahine a me ka testosterone i nā kāne.

Maopopo iā ʻoe ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kēia mau ʻano ʻelua? Loaʻa i kekahi nā kahawai, ʻaʻohe o kekahi, a pili pololei ia i ke koko.

Aia ma hea kēia mau kelepa i loko o ko kākou kino? E kahaha paha ʻoe!

He nui aku nā ʻōpū hou i loko o ko kākou kino ma mua o kou manaʻo. E noʻonoʻo wale, he miliona mau ʻōpū hou i loko o kou ʻili wale nō! E nānā kākou i ko lākou wahi nui.

• ʻO nā kelepa adenoid ma hope o ka ihu .
• Nā kelepaʻa anal i loko o ka anus .
• ʻO nā kelepa ceruminous nā kelepa e hana i ka wax i loko o ka pepeiao .
• Nā ʻāpana i loko o ka ʻōpū e hana ana i nā enzyme digestive.
• ʻO nā puʻupaʻa a me nā kelepa adrenal ma luna o lākou.
• ʻO ke akepaʻa a me ka pancreas (ʻo ia mau mea ʻelua, he mea kupanaha, hana like me nā kelepa endocrine a me nā kelepa exocrine).
• ʻO nā kelepa mammary nā kelepa hana waiū i loko o nā umauma o nā wahine .
• ʻO nā kelepa Meibomian a puni nā maka (nāna e hana i kahi mea like me ka ʻaila e kōkua ai e mālama i ka maka i ka pulu) a me nā kelepa lacrimal, nāna e hana i nā waimaka.
• Aia nā kelepa Brunner, e hana ana i kahi mea like me ka mucus, ma ka ʻāpana mua o ka ʻōpū liʻiliʻi (Duodenum) .
• ʻO nā ovaries o nā wahine.
• ʻO nā kelepa koʻikoʻi ʻelua i loko o ko mākou lolo ka kelepa pituitary a me ka kelepa pineal.
• ʻO ke kelepa prostate kāne, nā vesicles seminal, a me nā kelepa pili ʻē aʻe.
• Nā ʻano kelepa like ʻole i loko o ka waha e hana ana i ka lawai, no ka laʻana, ke kelepa parotid kokoke i ka pepeiao.
• Aia i loko o ke aʻa o ko kākou lauoho nā kelepa sebaceous (nāna e hana i kahi mea like me ka ʻaila e kōkua ai i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili).
• Aia ka ʻōpū o Skene ma kahi kokoke i ka ʻōpū o nā wahine.
• ʻO nā ʻōpū hou i loko o ko kākou ʻili (ʻApocrine a me Eccrine Sweat Glands).
• ʻO ke kelepa thymus i loko o ka umauma (he mea nui loa kēia no ko mākou ʻōnaehana pale kino).
• ʻO ke kelepa thyroid ma ka ʻāʻī a me nā kelepa parathyroid e pili ana iā ia.

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i ka nui o nā wahi ma ko kākou kino i loaʻa ai kēia mau hale hana liʻiliʻi!

He aha nā maʻi maʻamau e hiki ke loaʻa me nā glands? E makaʻala kākou!

Ke hana pono nā mea āpau, ʻaʻohe pilikia. Akā i kekahi manawa, hiki ke loaʻa kekahi mau loli a me nā maʻi i ka hana o kēia mau kelepa. E nānā kākou i kekahi o kēlā mau mea.

He aha ka mea e hana ai ke hana nui ʻoe a liʻiliʻi paha?

ʻO kahi pilikia maʻamau no nā kelepa he nui, ʻo ia ka nui o nā kemika a lākou e hana ai a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi o lākou .

• Ke hana nui nā kelepa salivary i ka saliva , hiki i ka waha ke kahe ka wai. Ke hana liʻiliʻi ʻia ka saliva, hiki i ka waha ke maloʻo (Xerostomia) .
• ʻO ka hana ʻino ʻana o ke kelepa Meibomian hiki ke hoʻomaloʻo a hoʻonāukiuki i nā maka.
• Nā maʻi o nā ʻōpū parathyroid : Overactive (Hyperparathyroidism) a i ʻole underactive (Hypoparathyroidism). Hiki i kēia mau kūlana ke koʻikoʻi no ka mea ke kāohi nei lākou i nā pae calcium i loko o ko mākou kino.
• Maʻi Pituitary Gland : Hana nui ʻole (Hyperpituitarism) a hana ʻole paha (Hypopituitarism). Ma muli o ka hoʻomalu ʻana o kēia gland i nā glands ʻē aʻe he nui, hiki i nā pilikia me ia ke hoʻopilikia i nā mea he nui.
• Maʻi Kelepona Thyroid : Hana nui ʻana o ka hormone (Hyperthyroidism) a i ʻole hana liʻiliʻi ʻana o ka hormone (Hypothyroidism). He pilikia nō hoʻi kēia i loaʻa i nā poʻe he nui.

Ka mumū ʻana o nā kelepa

I kekahi manawa hiki i nā ʻōpū ke pehu a mumū. Kāhea mākou i kēlā ʻo 'Inflammation'.

• Ka pehu ʻana o ke kelepa parotid (ka pehu ʻana o ka papālina) - 'Parotitis' .
• ʻO ka pehu ʻana o ke kelepa prostate i nā kāne - ʻo ia hoʻi ka prostatitis .
• ʻO ka pehu ʻana o nā kelepa salivary - ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo 'Sialadenitis' .
• ʻO ka mumū o ka ʻōpū thyroid - 'Thyroiditis' .

Ke hoʻouka ko mākou mau hunaola kino ponoʻī i nā kelepa (Nā kūlana Autoimmune)

I kekahi manawa, hoʻomaka hewa ko kākou ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī e hoʻouka i ko kākou mau kelepa olakino ponoʻī. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau maʻi autoimmune .

• Nā maʻi Autoimmune e hoʻopilikia ai i ka ʻōpū thyroid: No ka laʻana , ʻo ka maʻi ʻo Graves (kahi thyroid overactive) a me ka maʻi ʻo Hashimoto (kahi thyroid underactive).
• ʻO ka Myasthenia Gravis (kahi maʻi e hoʻonāwaliwali ai nā ʻiʻo) e hoʻopilikia i ka thymus gland.
• ʻO ka Autoimmune Pancreatitis (ka mumū o ka pancreas) a me ka Autoimmune Hepatitis (ka mumū o ke akepaʻa), ka mea e hōʻino ai i nā ʻōpū e like me ka pancreas a me ke ake.
• ʻO ka maʻi Sjögren, ka mea e maloʻo ai nā maka a me ka waha.
• ʻAno 1 Diabetes(Ua hōʻino ʻia nā hunaola hana insulin i loko o ka pancreas).

Nā maʻi o nā ʻōpū Exocrine

Hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻano maʻi like ʻole, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā kelepa o waho.

• Ka maʻi o ke kelepa waimaka - 'Dacryoadenitis' .
• ʻO ka mumps (kahi maʻi viral e hoʻopilikia ai i nā kelepa salivary).
• Nā Styes (i hoʻokumu pinepine ʻia e ka maʻi o kahi gland) - 'Sties' .

Kekahi mau kūlana hānau

Hiki i kekahi mau pilikia glandular ke hānau ʻia. ʻO ka hapa nui o kēia mau mea i hana ʻia e nā kumu genetic.

• ʻO ka `Carney Complex` (hiki ke loaʻa nā puʻupuʻu i nā kelepa like ʻole).
• ʻO Cystic Fibrosis (hoʻopilikia i nā ʻōnaehana hanu a me ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, hoʻomānoanoa i nā mea huna o nā kelepa exocrine).
• Nā ʻano like ʻole o ka dwarfism (Dwarfism / Skeletal Dysplasia) (ʻo kekahi o ia mau mea e pili ana i ka hana o nā kelepa hormonal).

Nā puʻupuʻu i loko o nā kelepa

ʻO ka mea pōʻino, e like me nā wahi ʻē aʻe o ko kākou kino, hiki i nā puʻupuʻu ke ulu i loko o nā glands. Hiki i kēia ke lilo i benign (ʻaʻole cancerous) a i ʻole malignant (cancerous) . Ke ulu kēia mau puʻupuʻu ma luna o nā glands, hiki iā lākou ke hana iā lākou e hana nui a liʻiliʻi paha o nā kemika i hana ʻia e kēlā mau glands.

Mea nui: Mai makaʻu i kēia mau maʻi. He mau mea kēia e makaʻala ai. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka ʻimi ʻana i ke kōkua lapaʻau.

He aha nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia e ʻike ai i kahi pilikia me nā glands?

Inā manaʻo ke kauka he pilikia kou i ka ʻōpū, ʻo ka mea mua a lākou e hana ai, ʻo ia ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi "Hoʻokolohua Kino" piha . E ʻimi lākou i nā loli i kou kino āu e ʻike ai a manaʻo ai. Eia kekahi, hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua e like me:

• Nā Hoʻāʻo Koko : Hiki ke lawe ʻia kahi hāpana o kou koko a hoʻāʻo ʻia e nānā i nā pae o nā mea e like me nā hormones i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e nā glands. Hiki i kēia ke ʻike i nā pilikia gland he nui.
• Nā Hoʻāʻo Kiʻi : Hoʻohana ʻia nā scan Ultrasound , CT scan , a i ʻole MRI scan e nānā i nā glands i loko o ke kino. Hiki i kēia ke nānā i nā loli i ka nui a me ke ʻano o nā glands.

Ma muli o kou mau hōʻailona a me kou mōʻaukala olakino, hiki ke hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua kikoʻī hou aku. E haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i nā mea hou aʻe e pili ana i kēia.

He aha kā mākou e hana ai e mālama i ke olakino o ko mākou mau glands?

ʻO ka hana ʻana i nā mea maikaʻi no ko mākou kino holoʻokoʻa he mea maikaʻi loa ia no ko mākou mau glands. E nānā i kēia mau mea:

• E hana i kahi nānā olakino ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki.I ka manawa pinepine, hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā pilikia o ke kelepa ma o nā nānā ʻana e like me kēia ma mua o ka puka ʻana o nā hōʻailona.
• E ho'āʻo e mālama i ke kaumaha olakino .
• E noho ikaika kino (hoʻoikaika kino) i ka hiki.
• E ʻai i ka meaʻai maikaʻi a kaulike . E hoʻokomo i nā ʻano mea kanu like ʻole, nā huaʻai, a me nā palaoa i kāu papaʻai.

E ʻike koke i ke kauka , ʻoiai inā manaʻo ʻoe he pilikia kou ma ka ʻōpū, a inā he pehu a he mau hōʻailona paha o ka maʻi ma nā wahi e like me nā maka a me ka waha.

He ʻano gland anei kēia mau lymph nodes?

He mea kēia e huikau ai nā kānaka he nui. ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole he mau glands nā lymph nodes.

Aia kekahi mau kumu e manaʻo ai he mau gland lākou. ʻO kekahi, ʻo kēia mau puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi a poepoe, ma nā wahi e like me ka ʻāʻī, nā armpits, a ma lalo o ka ʻauwae, kokoke loa i nā glands maoli. ʻO kekahi, ʻo ia ka kapa ʻana o kekahi poʻe iā lākou he "Lymph Glands." Akā, ʻaʻole ia ka inoa pololei, no ka mea, ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻike i nā ʻano o kahi gland. ʻO nā lymph nodes kekahi ʻāpana o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale.

He aha nā ʻōpū ma lalo o ko kākou ʻauwae?

Aia kekahi mau kelepaʻi i loko a puni kou ʻāwae. Aia nā kelepaʻi submandibular (ʻo ia hoʻi ka inoa "ma lalo o ka ʻāwae") ma laila. Aia pū kekahi ma kahi kokoke i nā kelepaʻi sublingual, aia ma lalo o kou alelo . ʻO kēia nā kelepaʻi salivary nui.

He aha nā kelepaʻi ma ka ʻāʻī?

ʻO ke kelepa thyroid ka ʻōpū nui ma kou ʻāʻī. Ua like kona ʻano me ka pulelehua a hana i nā hormones koʻikoʻi e hoʻopilikia i nā mea he nui i loko o ko mākou kino. Hoʻopili ʻia iā ia, ma kēlā ʻaoʻao kēia ʻaoʻao, ʻehā mau kelepa liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo nā kelepa parathyroid .

ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo ka mea nui loa e haʻi aku iā ʻoe (Leka Lawe-Home)

I ka wā e hana mālie ana kēia mau hale hana liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia he mau glands i loko o ko kākou kino, ʻaʻole mākou e hoʻomanaʻo aia lākou ma laila, ʻeā? Akā inā he pilikia iki loa me kekahi o kēia mau mea, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia nui iā mākou a hiki ʻole iā mākou ke noʻonoʻo i kekahi mea ʻē aʻe.

No laila, inā he mau nīnau kāu, hopohopo, a i ʻole nā ​​hōʻailona hou e pili ana i kāu mau kelepa, kā lākou hana, a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻē aʻe, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia . E kamaʻilio me ke kauka e pili ana i ia mea. I kekahi manawa hiki ke hilahila a ʻoluʻolu ʻole. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole ke kauka ma laila e hoʻohewa iā ʻoe. ʻO kā lākou hana ke hoʻolohe iā ʻoe, alakaʻi iā ʻoe, kākoʻo iā ʻoe, a kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻi i kou ola maʻamau a olakino.

No laila, e mālama i kou kino, a e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli. ʻO ia ke ala maikaʻi loa e noho olakino ai!

Nā ʻōpū, nā hormones, nā ʻōpū exocrine, nā ʻōpū endocrine, thyroid, pituitary, olakino