ʻO nā puʻupaʻa kekahi o nā ʻōkana kupaianaha loa o ko kākou kino. Ua like lākou me kahi ʻōnaehana hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi loa i loko o ko kākou kino. Kānana lākou i nā huahana ʻōpala i makemake ʻole ʻia i loko o ko kākou koko, wehe i ka wai keu, a hoʻokuʻu iā lākou ma ke ʻano he mimi. Eia naʻe, i kekahi manawa maʻi pū kēia mau puʻupaʻa makamae. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi maʻi i lohe ʻole ʻia e ka poʻe he nui, akā hiki ke hōʻeha malū i ke kino. ʻO ia ka Glomerulonephritis.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka Glomerulonephritis (GN)?
He inoa lōʻihi a ʻano ʻē kēia, akā he mea maʻalahi loa ke hoʻomaopopo. ʻO ka Glomerulonephritis kahi maʻi e hoʻopilikia ai i nā puʻupaʻa. I loko o ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa, aia he miliona o nā kānana liʻiliʻi a palupalu e kānana ana i ke koko. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau glomeruli. E noʻonoʻo iā lākou he mau lua liʻiliʻi i loko o kahi kānana kī. I loko o kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo glomerulonephritis, ua hōʻino ʻia kēia mau kānana liʻiliʻi a pehu.
Ke hōʻino ʻia kēia mau kānana, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke hana pono. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke kānana pono i nā ʻōpala a me nā wai pono ʻole mai ke kino. Inā lilo kēia ʻano i mea koʻikoʻi iki, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka hāʻule ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa . Akā ʻo ka nūhou maikaʻi, i ka hapa nui o nā hihia, hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia nā pae mua o kēia maʻi me ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
No laila he aha ka mea e hana maoli ana i loko o kēia mau Glomeruli (nā kānana)?
Loaʻa i kēlā me kēia o ko kākou mau puʻupaʻa ma kahi o hoʻokahi miliona o kēia mau ʻāpana kānana liʻiliʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo glomeruli. Hana ʻia kēia mau mea me nā kīʻaha koko maikaʻi loa (capillaries) i hoʻopaʻa ʻia. ʻO kā lākou hana nui, ʻo ia ke kānana i ka ʻōpala a me ka wai keu i loko o ko kākou koko. ʻO kēia ka hana mua a koʻikoʻi loa i ke kaʻina hana o ka hana ʻana o ka mimi. No laila e noʻonoʻo, inā e hana ʻia kekahi mea i kēia ʻōnaehana kānana, e hoʻopilikia ʻia ke kaʻina hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe o ko kākou kino holoʻokoʻa, ʻeā?
Aia kekahi mau ʻano nui o kēia maʻi?
ʻAe, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia kēia maʻi i ʻelua ʻano nui ma muli o ke ʻano o kona hiki ʻana mai.
1. Glomerulonephritis ʻoi: Hoʻomaka koke kēia.
2. Glomerulonephritis Mau Loa: He maʻi koʻikoʻi loa kēia e ulu mālie ana. Hiki ke mau no nā makahiki.
Loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe kahi maʻi koke (ʻoi), a laila lilo ia i maʻi mau i nā makahiki ma hope o kona ho'ōla ʻia ʻana.
He aha nā hōʻailona o ka glomerulonephritis?
ʻO ka mea weliweli loa e pili ana i kēia maʻi, ʻo ia ka nui o ka poʻe i hōʻike ʻole i kekahi mau hōʻailona i ka wā mua. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, ʻaʻole paha lākou e ʻike he maʻi ko lākou. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona, hiki ke like me ka mea i hōʻike ʻia ma ka papa ma lalo nei.
| Hōʻailona | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Koko i loko o ka mimi | Hiki ke ʻike ʻia ka mimi he ʻeleʻele ʻeleʻele (e like me ka wai tī), poni, a ʻulaʻula paha. |
| Ka pehu ʻana o ka maka a me nā wāwae | I koʻu ala ʻana i ke kakahiaka, pehu koʻu mau maka a me koʻu helehelena. I ke ao, pehu koʻu mau wāwae a me nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae. |
| Mimi huʻa | Inā ʻoe e mimi me ka nui o nā pehu a me ka huʻa kopa, malia paha no ka mea e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ana ka protein me ka mimi. |
| Ke koko kiʻekiʻe | Ke pilikia ka hana a nā puʻupaʻa, hiki ke piʻi aʻe ke koko. |
| Ka loli ʻana o ke alapine o ka mimi ʻana | Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻoemi a ʻoi aku paha ka mimi ma mua o ka maʻamau. |
| Nā hiʻohiʻona ʻē aʻe | Luli, ʻulaʻula o ka ʻili, paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana, ʻeha nā hono a i ʻole ka ʻōpū, nalowale ka makemake e ʻai, a me ka pohō kaumaha. |
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke ʻike koke i kāu kauka inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona. ʻOiai hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau hōʻailona e nā kūlana ʻē aʻe, he mea nui e ʻimi i ke kumu pololei.
No ke aha e loaʻa ai kēia ʻano maʻi? He aha nā kumu?
He mea paʻakikī pinepine ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kumu kikoʻī no kēia, akā ua ʻike ʻia hiki ke hana ʻia e kekahi mau kūlana olakino a me nā maʻi.
| Kumu kūpono | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| Nā maʻi | Hiki i ka strep strep ke hana ma ke ʻano he pilikia o nā maʻi e like me ka HIV, ka hepatitis C, a me ka endocarditis bacteria. |
| Nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana pale | Hoʻouka hewa ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o ko mākou kino i nā hunaola olakino i loko o nā puʻupaʻa. Eia kekahi laʻana, ʻo lupus. |
| ʻO ka Nephropathy IgA | He maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka waiho ʻana o kahi antibody i kapa ʻia ʻo Immunoglobulin A (IgA) i loko o nā puʻupaʻa. |
| Nā maʻi o ke koko | ʻO kekahi mau maʻi laha ʻole (e like me ka granulomatosis me ka polyangiitis) hiki ke hoʻoulu i ka pehu ʻana o nā kīʻaha koko, hiki ke hōʻino i nā puʻupaʻa. |
| Nā kumu ʻē aʻe | Hiki ke hana ʻia e kekahi ʻano maʻi kanesa (e like me ka myeloma maha) a, he mea kākaʻikahi loa, e nā kumu genetic i hoʻoili ʻia ma o nā hanauna. |
He aha nā pilikia e hiki ke loaʻa mai ka glomerulonephritis?
Inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia kēia maʻi, hiki iā ia ke hōʻeha mau i nā puʻupaʻa a alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi.
- Maʻi Puʻupaʻa Mau Loa (CKD): Ka emi mālie ʻana o ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa.
- Ke koko kiʻekiʻe (Hypertension):Ma muli o ke kōkua ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa i ke kaohi ʻana i ke koko, ke hōʻino ʻia lākou, piʻi aʻe ke kaomi.
- Ka Holo ʻole ʻana o nā Puʻupaʻa: Hiki ke hana koke kēia a i ʻole i loko o nā makahiki he nui. I kēia hihia, ua pau loa ka hana ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa.
- ʻO ka Nephrotic Syndrome: He kūlana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hoʻokahe nui ʻana o ka protein i loko o ka mimi, e alakaʻi ana i ka pehu a me nā pae cholesterol kiʻekiʻe.
- ʻAʻa koko: Hoʻonui ʻia ka pilikia o ke kūkulu ʻia ʻana o nā ʻaʻa koko i loko o nā aʻa o nā wāwae (Deep Vein Thrombosis - DVT) a i ʻole i loko o nā māmā (Pulmonary Embolism - PE).
Pehea e ʻike pololei ai ke kauka i kēia maʻi?
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ʻike ʻia kēia maʻi ma ke ʻano ulia. ʻO ia hoʻi, i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ai no kekahi maʻi ʻē aʻe. Inā kānalua kāu kauka i kēia maʻi ma muli o kāu mau hōʻailona, hiki iā ia ke kuhikuhi iā ʻoe i kahi loea puʻupaʻa. Hana ʻia nā hoʻokolohua ma lalo nei e hōʻoia i ka hōʻailona.
| Hoʻāʻo | He aha kāu e ʻike ai ma kēia? |
|---|---|
| Hoʻāʻo mimi | Nānā ʻia ka mimi no ke koko (nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula) a i ʻole ka protein. |
| Hoʻāʻo koko | Ana ke ana koko i ka pae o ka creatinine, kahi huahana ʻōpala i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e nā puʻupaʻa. Inā kiʻekiʻe kēia pae, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻaʻole hana pono nā puʻupaʻa. |
| Biopsy o ka puʻupaʻa | Me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka nila, lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi loa o ka ʻiʻo mai ka puʻupaʻa a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope. ʻO kēia ke ala maikaʻi loa e hoʻoholo ai i ke kumu pololei o ka maʻi. |
| Nā Hoʻāʻo Kiʻi | Nānā nā hoʻokolohua ultrasound, X-ray, a i ʻole CT scan i ka nui, ke ʻano, a me ke alo o kekahi mau mea ālai i nā puʻupaʻa. |
He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kēia?
Aia ka lāʻau lapaʻau i ke kumu o ka maʻi a me ka nui o ka hōʻino ʻia ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa. ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻo ia ke pale aku i ka hōʻino hou ʻia ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa a mālama i kā lākou hana.
- Ke mālama ʻana i ke kumu kumu: No ka laʻana, inā ua hoʻokumu ʻia ke kūlana e ke koko kiʻekiʻe, e hāʻawi ʻia ka lāʻau lapaʻau e kāohi i ke kaomi. Inā ua hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi maʻi, e hāʻawi ʻia nā antibiotics.
- Nā hoʻololi ʻana i ka meaʻai: Hiki i kāu kauka ke aʻo aku iā ʻoe e kaupalena i nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka paʻakai a me ka protein, kahi e kau ai i ke kaumaha hou aʻe ma kou mau puʻupaʻa.
- Nā Immunosuppressants: Inā loaʻa ka maʻi i kahi pilikia me ka ʻōnaehana pale, hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e kaohi i ka hana o kēlā ʻōnaehana.
- Corticosteroids: Kōkua kēia i ka hoʻēmi ʻana i ka mumū i loko o nā puʻupaʻa.
- Dialysis: ʻO kēia ke kaʻina hana o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke koko me ke kōkua o kahi mīkini inā nāwaliwali loa nā puʻupaʻa e hana i kā lākou hana.
- Diuretics: Hāʻawi ʻia kēia mau mea e wehe i ka wai keu mai ke kino a hōʻemi i ka pehu.
- Plasmapheresis: He hana kūikawā kēia e kānana ai i nā protein ʻino mai ke koko.
Hiki ke mālama ʻia ka glomerulonephritis?
ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe ala i hōʻoia ʻia e pale aku ai i kēia maʻi. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka hahai ʻana i kahi nohona olakino a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano hana hiki ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia.
- E ʻai i ka ʻai kaulike. E hōʻemi i nā mea hana a me nā meaʻai i hana ʻia i ka hiki.
- Inā he koko kiʻekiʻe kou, e kaohi maikaʻi iā ia me ka ʻai haʻahaʻa paʻakai, hoʻoikaika kino, a me ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a kāu kauka i kuhikuhi ai.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes , e kaohi pono iā ia.
- E pale i nā maʻi. E hoʻomaʻemaʻe pono. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi mea e like me ka maʻi ʻāʻī (strep throat), mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia a e ʻike koke i ke kauka no ka mālama ʻana.
- E pale i ka hoʻohana mau ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me nā lāʻau ʻeha me ka ʻole o ke kūkākūkā ʻana me ke kauka.
Inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me ka Glomerulonephritis, he mea nui e nānā pinepine ʻia kou mau puʻupaʻa, e lawe i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha a kāu kauka, a e kaohi i kāu ʻai.
Leka Lawe-Home
- ʻO ka Glomerulonephritis (GN) kahi maʻi e hōʻino ai i nā kānana palupalu i loko o nā puʻupaʻa. Hoʻopilikia pinepine ia i ke kino me ka leo ʻole.
- E makaʻala i nā hōʻailona e like me ka mimi ʻeleʻele, ka pehu ʻana o ka maka a i ʻole nā wāwae, a me ka mimi huʻa. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole nui ka poʻe i ʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona.
- ʻO ka mālama koke ʻana i nā maʻi ʻāʻī (e like me ka strep throat) hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka hōʻino ʻia ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa ma hope.
- Inā loaʻa kekahi o kou ʻohana i ka maʻi puʻupaʻa, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ke koko kiʻekiʻe, he mea nui loa ia e hana i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻamau.
- Inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe ua loaʻa i ka maʻi, e hahai pono i nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo no ka ʻai a me ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hāʻawi ʻia e kāu kauka e pale i kou mau puʻupaʻa.
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