ʻO nā puʻupaʻa he ʻelua mau ʻōkana liʻiliʻi akā ikaika i loko o ko kākou kino. Ua like lākou me ʻelua o nā kānana ikaika loa i loko o ko kākou kino. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe lākou i ko kākou koko a wehe i nā huahana ʻōpala, nā mea ʻawahia, a me ka wai keu e like me ka mimi. Akā e noʻonoʻo i ka mea e hana ʻia ke hāʻule mālie kēia mau kānana ʻelua? ʻO ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he Maʻi Puʻupaʻa Mau (CKD) . ʻO kēia ka manawa e nalowale mālie ai nā puʻupaʻa i ko lākou hiki ke hana i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, pehea ke koʻikoʻi o nā puʻupaʻa iā kākou?
Aia kēia mau pīni puʻupaʻa ʻelua ma nā ʻaoʻao ʻelua o kou iwi kuamoʻo, ma lalo pono o kou iwi ʻaoʻao. Ua like ka nui o kēlā me kēia me ka poho lima o kou lima.
ʻOiai ʻo kā lākou hana nui ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ke koko, hana pū lākou i nā mea nui ʻē aʻe he nui:
- Mālama ia i ke kaulike o nā electrolytes, e like me ka paʻakai a me ka potassium, i loko o ko mākou kino.
- Hoʻopuka i nā hormones e pono ai ke kaohi i ke koko.
- Kōkua i ka ikaika o ko kākou mau iwi.
- Kōkua i ka hana ʻana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula .
No laila e noʻonoʻo, inā nāwaliwali nā puʻupaʻa ʻelua, ka poʻe e hana nui ana, hoʻomaka mākou e maʻi ma muli o ka ʻōpala e hōʻiliʻili ana i loko o ke kino.
He aha nā pae 5 o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa?
Ua māhele ʻia ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau i ʻelima mau pae. Hoʻoholo ʻia kēia mau pae e ke ʻano o ka kānana ʻana o kou mau puʻupaʻa i nā huahana ʻōpala mai kou koko. Hana nā kauka i nā hoʻāʻo koko a me ka mimi e ʻike pono ai i ke pae āu e noho nei.
ʻO ke ana nui i hoʻohana ʻia ma kēia, ʻo ia ka GFR (Glomerular Filtration Rate) . I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ana kēia i ka nui o nā milliliters o ke koko e kānana nei kou mau puʻupaʻa i kēlā me kēia minuke. Nānā pū ia i ka pae o kahi huahana ʻōpala i kapa ʻia ʻo creatinine i loko o ke koko. Inā hana maikaʻi nā puʻupaʻa, hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia creatinine i loko o ka mimi. Ke nāwaliwali nā puʻupaʻa, hoʻomaka ka creatinine e hōʻiliʻili i loko o ke koko.
- Pae 1: Pōʻino iki loa. He mea maʻamau paha ka GFR.
- Pae 2: Ua emi iki ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa.
- Pae 3: Ua emi iki ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa.
- Pae 4: Ka emi nui ʻana o ka hana o nā puʻupaʻa.
- Pae 5: Ka hāʻule piha ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he maʻi puʻupaʻa hope loa .
ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole e holomua nā kānaka a pau me kēia maʻi i ke kahua 5. Me ka mālama pono ʻana a me nā hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka nohona, hiki ke kaohi ʻia ka maʻi a hiki ke hoʻēmi nui ʻia ka hōʻino ʻana i nā puʻupaʻa.
He aha nā hōʻailona? ʻAʻole ʻike pinepine ʻia nā hōʻailona i ka wā mua.
ʻO ka mea weliweli loa e pili ana i kēia maʻi , ʻo ia ka ʻike ʻole ʻia o nā hōʻailona i nā wā mua . Aia wale nō ke ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi o ka maʻi, a laila hoʻomaka ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā hōʻailona. No laila, he mea nui loa ka makaʻala i kēia mau hōʻailona.
| Hōʻailona | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Pono pinepine e mimi | Ka emi ʻana o ka hiki o nā puʻupaʻa ke kānana a kaohi i ka mimi. |
| Manaʻo o ka luhi nui a me ka nāwaliwali | Ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā mea ʻawahia i loko o ke koko a me ka emi ʻana o nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula (anemia). |
| Makemake nui | He kūlana i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o nā ʻōpala i loko o ke kino. |
| Ka pehu ʻana o nā lima, nā wāwae, a me nā kuʻekuʻe wāwae | ʻAʻole hiki i nā puʻupaʻa ke hoʻoneʻe i ka wai keu mai ke kino. |
| Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana | Ma muli paha o ka hōʻiliʻili ʻana o ka wai i loko o nā māmā a i ʻole ke kahe ʻana o ke koko. |
| Ka mimi huʻa a pehu paha | Hiki ke hana kēia ma muli o ka nui o ka protein i loko o ka mimi. |
| ʻO ka pehu a puni nā maka | Hiki ke hana i kēia ma muli o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻana o ka nui o ka protein i loko o ka mimi. |
| ʻIli maloʻo a me ka ʻili ʻāʻī | Ke kaulike ʻole o nā minelala a me nā meaʻai i loko o ke koko. |
| Ka luaʻi a i ʻole ka luaʻi | Kiʻekiʻe loa nā pae o nā huahana ʻōpala i loko o ke koko. |
| ʻO ka hiamoe ʻole a me ka paʻakikī i ka noʻonoʻo ʻana | Hoʻopilikia nā mea ʻawahia i ka hana o ka lolo. |
He aha nā kumu nui o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa?
Loaʻa ka maʻi puʻupaʻa i ka wā e hōʻino ʻia ai nā puʻupaʻa a hiki ʻole ke kānana pono i ke koko. I ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa, hana mālie kēia pōʻino i nā makahiki he nui.
ʻO nā kumu nui ʻelua a me nā kumu maʻamau no kēia:
1. Ke koko kiʻekiʻe
2. Maʻi diabetes
Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau maʻi ʻelua, pono ʻoe e mālama i kou mau puʻupaʻa, no ka mea, ʻo kēia mau maʻi ʻelua e hōʻino i nā kīʻaha koko palupalu i loko o nā puʻupaʻa a hōʻemi i kā lākou hana.
Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau kumu nui ʻelua, aia kekahi mau kumu ʻē aʻe.
- Glomerulonephritis: ʻO kēia ka wā e hōʻino ʻia ai nā ʻāpana kānana maikaʻi i loko o nā puʻupaʻa.
- ʻO ka maʻi puʻupaʻa polycystic: He ʻano hoʻoilina kēia i hoʻoili ʻia i nā hanauna. Nui nā cysts i piha i ka wai e hana ʻia i loko o nā puʻupaʻa, e hōʻemi ana i kā lākou hana.
- Ka ālai ʻana o ke ala mimi: Ka ālai ʻana o ke kahe ʻana o ka mimi ma muli o nā pōhaku mimi, ka prostate i hoʻonui ʻia i nā kāne, a i ʻole ke kanesa.
- ʻO ka reflux Vesicoureteral: ʻO kēia ka manawa e holo hou ai ka mimi mai ka ʻōpū mimi a i nā puʻupaʻa.
- Nā maʻi puʻupaʻa pinepine (Pyelonephritis).
- Nā maʻi e like me ka lupus kahi e huli ai ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino iā ia iho.
ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi?
Hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa i nā maʻi puʻupaʻa, akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā kūlana ma lalo nei, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o kou pilikia.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes .
- Inā he koko kiʻekiʻe kou.
- Inā he maʻi puʻuwai kou .
- Inā ua loaʻa i kekahi o ka ʻohana ka maʻi puʻupaʻa (ka hopena hoʻoilina).
- Inā ʻoe ma luna o 60 mau makahiki .
- Nā lāʻau ʻeha ʻano NSAID(e.g. Ibuprofen, Diclofenac) inā hoʻohana ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana mai ke kauka.
- Inā he mea ʻē aʻe i ke ʻano a i ʻole ka nui o nā puʻupaʻa.
Pehea e mālama ʻia ai? He aha kā mākou e hiki ai ke hana?
ʻAʻole hiki ke ho'ōla piha ʻia ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa. Eia nō naʻe, nui nā mea hiki iā kākou ke hana e kāohi i ka hōʻino ʻia o nā puʻupaʻa a mālama i kā lākou hana no ka lōʻihi e hiki ai .
Nā loli o ke ʻano o ka nohona
- E ʻike i kāu kauka i ka manawa kūpono: E ʻike i kāu kauka a nephrologist paha i ka manawa kūpono a e hoʻāʻo ʻia.
- E kāohi i ka maʻi diabetes a me ke koko: ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa. E mālama i kou kō koko a me ke kaomi ma lalo o ke kaohi.
- E pale i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻino i nā puʻupaʻa: E hōʻoia e nīnau i kāu kauka, ʻoiai ke lawe nei i nā lāʻau ʻeha.
- ʻAi kūpono no nā puʻupaʻa: E hahai i kahi ʻai e kaupalena ana i ka paʻakai (sodium), potassium, a me ka protein. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kamaʻilio ʻana me kahi meaʻai e pili ana i kēia a loaʻa ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo.
- E pale loa i ka puhipaka.
- E hoʻoikaika kino i nā lā he nui i ka pule.
- E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino.
Lapaʻau me ka lāʻau lapaʻau
Hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi i nā lāʻau lapaʻau like ʻole ma muli o ke kumu a me ke kahua o kou kūlana.
- nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻano (ACE) a i ʻole (ARB) e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke koko.
- Nā lāʻau diuretic e wehe i ka wai keu mai ke kino.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae cholesterol.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka anemia, e lawe i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kōkua ai i ka hana ʻana i nā hunaola koko ʻulaʻula.
- Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ka wikamina D e hoʻoikaika i nā iwi.
He aha inā e hāʻule loa nā puʻupaʻa? (Ka maʻi puʻupaʻa hope loa)
Inā hiki ka maʻi i ke kahua 5, ʻo ia hoʻi ua aneane pau loa ka hāʻule ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa, pono nā koho ʻē aʻe e ola ai. No ka mea, inā pau ka hana ʻana o nā puʻupaʻa a hōʻiliʻili nā ʻōpala i loko o ke kino, hiki iā ia ke alakaʻi i ka make.
ʻElua mau koho nui:
1. Dialysis puʻupaʻa (Dialysis)
2. Hoʻololi ʻana i nā puʻupaʻa
1. Dialysis puʻupaʻa (Dialysis)
ʻO kēia ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mīkini e hana i ka hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe koko e pono ai kou mau puʻupaʻa e hana. ʻElua mau ʻano nui:
- Hemodialysis: Ma kēia, hoʻouna ʻia kou koko i kahi mīkini e wehe i nā huahana ʻōpala, ka wai keu, a me ka paʻakai mai kou kino, a laila hoʻihoʻi ʻia ke koko i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia i kou kino. Hana pinepine ʻia kēia ma kahi haukapila, ʻekolu manawa i ka pule, no kahi o ʻehā hola i kēlā me kēia manawa.
- ʻO ka Dialysis Peritoneal:Ma kēia, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi paipu (catheter) i loko o kou lua ʻōpū a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi wai kūikawā ma o ia mea. Ma hope o ka omo ʻana o ka wai i ka ʻōpala mai kou kino, lawe ʻia a hoʻokomo ʻia kahi wai hou. He hana kēia e hiki i ka mea maʻi ke hana ma ka home.
2. Hoʻololi ʻana i nā puʻupaʻa
ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana i kahi puʻupaʻa hāʻule me kahi puʻupaʻa olakino. ʻOiai hiki i ke kanaka olakino ke ola maikaʻi me hoʻokahi puʻupaʻa, hiki ke loaʻa nā puʻupaʻa mai ʻelua kumu no kēia kumu.
- Mai ke kanaka ola: ʻO ka maʻamau, mai kahi mea e like me ka ʻohana a i ʻole he hoaaloha.
- Mai kahi kanaka i make: He puʻupaʻa mai kahi kanaka i make i hōʻike i ka makemake i ka hāʻawi ʻana i nā ʻōkana.
He aha kā kākou e hana ai e pale aku iā kākou iho mai kēia maʻi?
He mea nui loa ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi puʻupaʻa ma mua o kona ulu ʻana ma mua o ka mālama ʻana ma hope o kona ulu ʻana.
- E hahai i kahi nohona olakino: He mea nui loa ka ʻai kaulike, ka hoʻoikaika kino kūpono, a me ka pale ʻana i ka puhipaka a me ka waiʻona pono ʻole.
- E kāohi i kou koko a me nā pae kō: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes a i ʻole ke koko kiʻekiʻe, e kāohi pono iā lākou. E lawe i kāu mau lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha.
- E makaʻala me nā lāʻau ʻeha: Mai lawe i nā lāʻau ʻeha no ka wā lōʻihi me ka ʻole o ke aʻo ʻana mai ke kauka.
- E inu i ka wai lawa.
- E hana i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻamau: Inā he mau kumu pilikia kou, e hoʻāʻo ʻia kou koko a me kou mimi ma ka liʻiliʻi i hoʻokahi manawa i ka makahiki e nānā i ke kūlana o kou mau puʻupaʻa.
He maʻi ola ka maʻi puʻupaʻa. Akā, ʻaʻohe pono e hopohopo. Me ka mālama pono ʻana a me ka mālama ʻana, ola ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ke ola hauʻoli a maʻamau. ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ke lilo i lālā hana o kāu hui mālama. E kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka, e nīnau i nā nīnau, a e hahai pololei i kāna mau kuhikuhi.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He maʻi "lēleo" ka maʻi puʻupaʻa mau loa e ulu mālie ana i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. I nā pae mua, ʻaʻohe paha he mau hōʻailona.
- ʻO nā kumu nui o kēia, ʻo ia ka maʻi diabetes i kāohi ʻole ʻia a me ke koko kiʻekiʻe.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes, ke koko kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole kahi mōʻaukala ʻohana o ka maʻi puʻupaʻa, he mea nui e hana i nā hoʻokolohua lapaʻau maʻamau.
- Inā ʻike mua ʻia, hana ʻia nā loli o ke ʻano o ka nohona, a lawe ʻia ka lāʻau kūpono, hiki ke kaohi nui ʻia ka hōʻino ʻana i nā puʻupaʻa.
- E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka ma mua o ka lawe ʻana i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻoiai hoʻi nā mea hoʻomaha ʻeha.
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