Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka HTLV-1 (Human T-lymphotropic Virus type-1)? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ia mea!

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i nā maʻi e like me ka 'HIV'. Akā, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe i lohe nui e pili ana i ka maʻi 'HTLV-1'. He ʻano maʻi nō hoʻi kēia e hiki ke komo i loko o nā hunaola o ko kākou kino a hoʻoulu i ka maʻi. Akā, mai hopohopo, no ka hapa nui o ka poʻe, ʻaʻole kēia he pilikia nui. Akā, he mea maikaʻi ke ʻike, ʻeā? No laila, e nānā kākou i ke ʻano o ka 'HTLV-1', pehea e ulu ai, a me nā mea hiki ke hana ʻia e pili ana i ia mea.

He aha ka `HTLV-1`? E hoʻomaopopo maʻalahi kākou!

ʻO ke kū ʻana o `HTLV-1` no `Human T-lymphotropic Virus type-1` . No loko kēia o kahi hui o nā virus i kapa ʻia ʻo `Retrovirus`. Ke hoʻomanaʻo nei ʻoe i kā mākou kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i ka virus `HIV` (HIV) he `Retrovirus`? ʻO kekahi o nā hiʻohiʻona kūikawā o kēia mau `Retrovirus`, ʻo ia ke komo lākou i loko o kā mākou mau cell, ua hoʻokomo ʻia kā lākou ʻike genetic, ʻo ia hoʻi, kā lākou `genetic material`, i loko o ka `DNA` (DNA) o kā mākou mau cell. E noʻonoʻo me he mea lā ua komo kahi virus i loko o kahi kamepiula.

Hoʻouka ka maʻi HIV a me ka maʻi HTLV-1 i nā `T cell` i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana pale. Akā, ʻokoʻa loa ke ʻano o kā lākou hana. Hoʻopau ka HIV i nā `T cell` a hoʻonāwaliwali i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Akā, ʻaʻole hoʻopau ka `HTLV-1` i kēlā mau `T cell`. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka `HTLV-1` i kekahi mau hōʻailona. Noho lākou e like me ka poʻe olakino.

Eia nō naʻe, he hapa liʻiliʻi loa o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi e loaʻa i ʻelua mau maʻi i nā makahiki he nui ma hope mai, malia paha he 30 a 60 mau makahiki ma hope mai. ʻO kekahi he ʻano maʻi koko i kapa ʻia ʻo Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma (ATL a i ʻole ATLL). ʻO kekahi he maʻi o ka ʻōnaehana nerve i kapa ʻia ʻo HTLV-1- associated Myelopathy/Tropical Spastic Paraparesis (HAM/TSP).

Aia kekahi mau ʻano ʻē aʻe o ka `HTLV`?

ʻAe, aia kekahi mau ʻano o nā maʻi `HTLV` e hoʻopilikia i nā kānaka. Eia kekahi laʻana, aia ʻo `HTLV-1`, `HTLV-2`, `HTLV-3` a me `HTLV-4`. ʻO kēia mau mea a pau ke kumu o ka maʻi no ke ola holoʻokoʻa. Eia naʻe, a hiki i kēia manawa, ʻo `HTLV-1` wale nō ke kumu o nā maʻi kikoʻī.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia `HTLV-1`? Aia anei ia ma Sri Lanka?

Loaʻa ka maʻi `HTLV` ma nā wahi he nui o ka honua. Manaʻo nā loea aia ma waena o 5 a me 20 miliona mau kānaka ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa i loaʻa i ka `HTLV-1`. Eia nō naʻe, ʻokoʻa loa ka nui o ka maʻi ma waena o nā ʻāina a me nā wahi.

Eia kekahi laʻana, ma ʻAmelika ʻĀkau, ʻaʻole i hiki i ka 1% o ka heluna kanaka ke loaʻa iā ia. Eia nō naʻe, ma nā ʻāpana o Iapana, ʻApelika, ʻAmelika Hema, Australia, Iran, a me kekahi mau ʻāpana o ka Caribbean, ua hōʻike ʻia ma mua o ka hapakolu o ka heluna kanaka ua loaʻa kēia maʻi. He mea paʻakikī ke loaʻa ka ʻikepili maopopo e pili ana i ke kūlana ma Sri Lanka, akā he mea nui e makaʻala i kēlā mau maʻi.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kēia? Loaʻa anei ia i nā kānaka a pau?

E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua,ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka HTLV-1 ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona. ʻAʻole lākou i ʻike he maʻi ko lākou. ʻIke wale ʻia nā hōʻailona i nā makahiki ma hope o ka maʻi ʻana, i ka wā e ulu ai nā kūlana i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, e like me ATL a i ʻole HAM/TSP.

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka `ATL` (Adult T-cell Leukemia/Lymphoma) e komo pū paha me:

• Manaʻo luhi i nā manawa a pau (`Fatigue`)
• Nā ʻōhū ʻili, nā kūlana e like me ka eczema
• Nā ʻōpū lymph pehu - e like me ka ʻāʻī, nā armpits, a me ka groin
• Ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū
• Poho ka hoʻomanaʻo, huikau
• ʻEha iwi

ʻO nā hōʻailona o ka `HAM/TSP` (HTLV-1-associated myopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis) e komo pū paha me:

• Ka nāwaliwali a i ʻole ka ʻoʻoleʻa e piʻi mālie ana i kekahi a i ʻole nā ​​wāwae ʻelua
• ʻEha hope
• Ka hoʻōki ʻana o ka mimi
• ʻO ka mae ʻana o nā lālā, ke ʻano o ke kani ʻana (Peripheral neuropathy)

He aha nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hana ʻia e ka `HTLV-1`?

Ma kahi o hoʻokahi i loko o 20 mau kānaka (ma kahi o 5%) i loaʻa i ka maʻi HTLV-1 e loaʻa i nā maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo ATL (maʻi ʻaʻai) a i ʻole HAM/TSP (maʻi neurological).

• ʻO ka ʻATL kahi ʻano maʻi kanesa e ulu ana i loko o ke koko . Loaʻa iā ia kekahi mau ʻano (e like me ka `acute`, `lymphoma`, `smoldering`, `chronic`). Hiki ke ʻokoʻa iki ka lāʻau a me ka wānana o kēlā me kēia ʻano.
• He maʻi ka `HAM/TSP` e hoʻopilikia ana i ka ʻōnaehana nerve. He ʻano like kona me ka maʻi `Multiple Sclerosis` (`MS`). Hoʻoulu ia i ka nāwaliwali o nā ʻiʻo a me nā pilikia holomua me ka ʻōnaehana nerve.

Ma waho aʻe o kēia mau maʻi nui ʻelua, ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi hiki i ka HTLV-1 ke hoʻoulu i kekahi mau maʻi mumū a me nā maʻi autoimmune . Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole maopopo loa ka pilina pololei ma waena o lākou. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau maʻi:

• ʻO ka ʻili
• ʻO ka ʻāʻī o ke kino
• Ka mumū ʻana o nā ʻāpana o loko o ka maka (`Uveitis`)
• ʻO ka maʻi Sjögren

Pehea e ulu ai nā maʻi e pili ana i ka HTLV-1? No ke aha i loaʻa ʻole ai i nā kānaka a pau?

Ke komo ka maʻi `HTLV-1` i loko o ko kākou kino, hele pololei ia i nā pūnaewele `CD4` (i ʻike ʻia hoʻi ʻo `nā pūnaewele T kōkua`) i loko o kā kākou ʻōnaehana pale. Ua like kēia mau pūnaewele `CD4` me nā mākaʻi o ko kākou kino, kahi ʻano pūnaewele e kōkua ana i ka pale ʻana iā kākou mai nā maʻi.

I kēia manawa, lawe nā retrovirus e like me HTLV-1 i kā lākou ʻike genetic i loko o kahi molekala i kapa ʻia ʻo RNA. Ke komo lākou i loko o kā mākou mau cell, hoʻololi akamai ka virus i kāna RNA i mea like me ka DNA e loaʻa ana ka ʻike o kā mākou mau cell. A laila, ʻo ka ʻāpana DNA (i kapa ʻia he provirus) āna i hana ai e hoʻokomo iā ia iho i loko o ka DNA o kā mākou mau cell. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, hoʻokomo ka virus i kahi ʻāpana o ia iho i loko o ka polokalamu e kaohi ana i kā mākou mau cell.

I kēia manawa, ʻo kā mākou mau pūnaewele, me ka manaʻo he ʻāpana o ka 'DNA' o ka maʻi he ʻāpana ia o lākou iho, hoʻomaka lākou e hana i nā kope hou aʻe o ka maʻi. Hele kēia mau kope hou o ka maʻi 'HTLV' a hoʻopili i nā pūnaewele 'CD4' he nui. ʻOiai ke pālahalaha nei ka maʻi i loko o ke kino ma kēia ʻano, ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona.

Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi poʻe, ma hope o nā makahiki he nui, hoʻoulu kēia maʻi i ko lākou kino e hana i nā 'T cell' he nui loa. ʻO ia ka manawa e kū mai ai kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo 'ATL' leukemia. I nā hihia ʻē aʻe, hiki i kēia maʻi ke hoʻopili i ka ʻōnaehana nerve a hana i kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo 'HAM/TSP'. Ke noiʻi ʻia nei ke kumu e hiki ai kēia i kekahi poʻe.

Pehea e laha ai kēia maʻi 'HTLV-1' mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi kanaka?

Aia kekahi mau ala nui e hiki ai ke laha ka maʻi `HTLV-1`. He mea nui loa ka ʻike ʻana i kēia mau mea:

• Ma o ka moekolohe: moekolohe vaginal, anal a waha paha me ka pale ʻole.
• Mai ka makuahine a i ke keiki ma o ka hānai waiū ʻana: Ke hānai waiū ka makuahine i kāna keiki me ka maʻi.
• Ma ka kaʻana like ʻana i nā nila: ʻOi aku hoʻi i waena o ka poʻe e hoʻokomo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau.
• Kākaʻikahi: Ma o ke kahe koko a i ʻole ke kāpili ʻana i nā ʻōpū. Eia nō naʻe, ma nā ʻāina he nui, ua nānā ʻia nā hāʻawi koko a me nā ʻōpū no ka maʻi, no laila he kākaʻikahi ka laha ʻana ma o kēia mau ʻano.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka 'HTLV-1'?

Aia kekahi mau kumu e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka maʻi HTLV-1:

• Ke hoʻokomo ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau me ke kauoha ʻole ʻia.
• ʻO ka hānau ʻia ʻana a i ʻole ka noho ʻana ma kahi i laha ai ka maʻi `HTLV`.

ʻO kekahi mau wahi me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka maʻi HTLV-1:

• Hema Komohana o Iapana
• Nā ʻāina ʻApelika ma ka hema o ka wao nahele ʻo Sahara (ʻApelika Hema-Saharan)
• ʻO kekahi mau ʻāpana o ʻAmelika Hema
• Nā Mokupuni Karipiano
• ʻIlana ʻĀkau
• ʻAukekulelia Waena

He mea nui: ʻOiai ma loko o ka ʻāina hoʻokahi, ʻaʻole like ka nui o ka maʻi ma nā wahi āpau. Loaʻa paha i kekahi mau wahi liʻiliʻi ka nui o ka maʻi, ʻoiai inā haʻahaʻa ka nui holoʻokoʻa.

He aha nā pilikia e hiki mai ana mai ka maʻi HTLV-1?

ʻAʻole hiki i ka maʻi `HTLV-1` wale nō ke hoʻonāwaliwali i ka ʻōnaehana pale. Eia nō naʻe, inā ulu ka `ATL` (maʻi ʻaʻai) a i ʻole ka `HAM/TSP` (maʻi neurological), hiki ke hoʻonāwaliwali ʻia ka ʻōnaehana pale.Hiki i kēia ke alakaʻi i nā maʻi kūpono ʻole i loaʻa ʻole i nā poʻe olakino. Hiki i kekahi o kēia mau maʻi ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola.

Pehea ʻoe e ʻike pololei ai i kahi maʻi 'HTLV-1'?

Hoʻomaopopo nā kauka i ka maʻi HTLV-1 me kahi hoʻāʻo koko. Ke nānā nei kēia hoʻāʻo i nā antibodies (antibodies) i hana ʻia i loko o ke kino e kūʻē i ka maʻi HTLV, a i ʻole no ke alo o ka mea genetic o ka maʻi (RNA).

Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole kēia he hoʻokolohua maʻamau no nā kānaka a pau. Hiki i ke kauka ke kuhikuhi iā ʻoe no kēia hoʻokolohua ma nā hihia aʻe:

• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi (e laʻa, nā hōʻailona o ATL a i ʻole HAM/TSP) āu e manaʻo nei e pili ana i ka maʻi HTLV-1.
• Inā ʻoe e noho ana ma kahi i loaʻa pinepine ai ka maʻi HTLV a ke hoʻolālā nei ʻoe e hānai i ka waiū.
• Inā ʻoe e manaʻolana nei e lilo i mea hāʻawi koko a i ʻole mea hāʻawi kino (he hoʻāʻo koi ʻia kēia ma nā wahi he nui).

Aia kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau no ka `HTLV-1`? Hiki ke ho'ōla ʻia?

ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi `HTLV-1`. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻopau loa ʻia ka maʻi mai ke kino. Eia nō naʻe, aia nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi `ATL` a me `HAM/TSP` i hoʻokumu ʻia e `HTLV-1`.

Hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he lāʻau lapaʻau no ka `ATL` (maʻi ʻaʻai):

• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻohana ʻia no nā ʻano lymphoma ʻē aʻe, no ka laʻana chemotherapy .
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau antiviral, e like me zidovudine (Retrovir®) a me interferon alfa. Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole pane nā ʻano ATL āpau i kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau antiviral.
• Hoʻoili pūnaewele kumu. ʻAʻole hiki kēia no nā mea āpau me ATL. Akā inā holomua, hiki iā ia ke hoʻolōʻihi nui i ka manaʻolana ola.

No nā poʻe me ka `HAM/TSP` (maʻi neurological), hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau lapaʻau e kaohi i nā hōʻailona a hāʻawi i ka hōʻoluʻolu:

• ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau "Interferon alpha".
• E hōʻemi i ka mumū me nā 'Corticosteroids'.
• Interferon beta. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka mumū a pale i ka hōʻino ʻana o nā aʻalolo.
• E hōʻemi i ka spasticity a me ka ʻoʻoleʻa o nā ʻiʻo me Baclofen (Lioresal ®) a i ʻole tizanidine.
• ʻO Oxybutynin no ka hoʻomanawanui ʻole o ka mimi.

He aha ka mea e hana inā loaʻa iaʻu ka `HTLV-1`? Pono anei au e hopohopo?

ʻO kēia ka mea nui loa. ʻAʻole nā ​​​​kānaka a pau i loaʻa i ka maʻi HTLV-1 e loaʻa iā ATL a i ʻole HAM/TSP. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, hiki i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi ke ola maʻamau me ka ʻole o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia mau maʻi koʻikoʻi.

Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau kūlana, pili ka nānā ʻana i ke ʻano āu i loaʻa ai. ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hopena o ka poʻe me nā ʻano ATL e puhi ana a mau paha ma mua o ka poʻe me nā ʻano ʻē aʻe. ʻOiai ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka HAM/TSP i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki iā ʻoe ke ola no nā makahiki he ʻumi ma hope o ka hōʻoia ʻana.

Pehea e hiki ai iaʻu ke pale aku iaʻu iho mai kēia maʻi `HTLV-1`? Aia kekahi mau ala e pale aku ai?

ʻAe, aia nā mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e pale aku i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi `HTLV-1`.

• ʻO ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ke koko a me nā ʻōkana i hāʻawi ʻia no HTLV-1 hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi.
• Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i kēia mau mea e hōʻemi i kāu pilikia pilikino:
• E pale i ka hoʻokomo ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau me ke kauoha ʻole ʻia.
• Mai hoʻohana hou i nā nila inikini like a i ʻole e kaʻana like aku me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe.
• E pale i ka moekolohe pale ʻole. E hoʻohana mau i ka condom latex i ka wā o kekahi ʻano moekolohe (vaginal, anal, a waha paha).
• Inā ua hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻia ʻoe no HTLV-1, e pale i ka hānai ʻana i ka waiū a me ka hāʻawi ʻana i ke koko. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka HTLV-1 a makemake ʻoe e hānai i ka waiū, e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo mai ke kauka i ʻike i ka HTLV-1. ʻO ka hoʻokahe ʻana i ka waiū umauma a me ka hoʻopaʻahau ʻana, a laila e hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, e hōʻemi paha i ka pilikia o ka hoʻoili ʻana i ka maʻi i kāu pēpē, akā he mea nui e ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo lapaʻau ma mua o ka hana ʻana pēlā.

He aha ka manaʻo o ka huaʻōlelo `HTLV` maikaʻi?

ʻO ke ʻano he `HTLV` maikaʻi ʻo ia hoʻi he `HTLV-1` a i ʻole kekahi ʻano `HTLV` ʻē aʻe i loko o kou kino. ʻAʻole ia manaʻo e loaʻa maoli iā ʻoe ka `ATL` a i ʻole `HAM/TSP`. Inā he `HTLV-1` maikaʻi ʻoe, aia kekahi mau hana palekana hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale aku i ka laha ʻana o ka maʻi i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe (e like me ka hānai ʻole ʻana i ka waiū umauma, ka pale ʻana i ka moekolohe pale ʻole).

Pehea ka weliweli o kēia 'HTLV'?

ʻO ka maʻi `HTLV`, ke lawe wale ʻia, ʻaʻole ia he mea weliweli a ʻaʻole ia e hōʻike i nā hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, he mea nui e makaʻala iā ia, no ka mea, hiki i ka `HTLV-1` ke hana i kekahi manawa i ka maʻi kanesa, nā maʻi neurological, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​kūlana mumū.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā he mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo ʻia ʻana no HTLV-1, a inā he HTLV-1 maikaʻi ʻoe a makemake ʻoe e ʻike i nā hana palekana āu e hana ai, e kamaʻilio me ke kauka. He mea nui loa ia e makaʻala i kēia inā ʻoe e noho ana ma kahi i loaʻa pinepine ai ka HTLV-1.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, nā mea e hoʻomanaʻo ai

ʻAe, ua kamaʻilio nui kākou e pili ana i ka `HTLV-1,' ʻaʻole anei? E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻoiai he maʻi kēia i loaʻa ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, ʻaʻole ia he mea maʻamau ma nā wahi he nui. He hapa liʻiliʻi wale nō o ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka maʻi e loaʻa i ka maʻi koʻikoʻi.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, mai hopohopo e pili ana i ka hoʻāʻo maikaʻi ʻana no HTLV-1.Hiki i ka hapa nui o nā kānaka ke ola olakino me ka ʻole o nā hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka ʻike ʻana i kēia maʻi, pehea e laha ai, a pehea e pale aku ai hiki ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana iā ʻoe iho a me ka poʻe a puni ʻoe.

Inā he mau nīnau hou aku kāu e pili ana i kēia, mai kānalua e nīnau i kāu kauka ʻohana a i ʻole ke kauka i ʻike i kēia. E noho olakino!

HTLV -1, Retrovirus, ATL, HAM/TSP, Kanesa, Maʻi Neurological, Maʻi viral