He aha ka intersex? E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana i ia mea!

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i ka huaʻōlelo 'Intersex'. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole kūpono ka ʻōnaehana hānau keiki a i ʻole nā ​​ʻano moekolohe o ke kanaka i nā ʻano maʻamau o ke kāne a wahine paha. Me he mea lā he kumuhana paʻakikī kēia, akā mai hopohopo , e wāwahi mākou i nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaopopo.

He aha maoli ka intersex?

E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, manaʻo pinepine mākou a pau ua hānau ʻia mākou he kaikamahine a he keikikāne paha. Eia nō naʻe, i ke ʻano o ka intersex, ʻo nā ʻano moekolohe o ke kino o ke kanaka, ʻo ia hoʻi, nā ʻōpū hānau, nā chromosomes, nā hormones, a pēlā aku, ʻaʻole ia no kēia mahele maopopo o ke kāne a me ka wahine. I kekahi manawa hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia mau ʻano i ka wā hānau. Akā no kekahi poʻe, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka wā ʻōpio a i ʻole ma hope, a i kekahi manawa i ka wā makua. ʻO ka mea kupanaha, i kekahi manawa ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi mea mai waho. I kekahi manawa ʻike wale ʻoe e pili ana i kēia i ka wā o ke ʻoki kino a i ʻole kekahi ʻano hoʻāʻo kiʻi.

He maʻi anei kēia? A i ʻole he maʻi ʻino?

Manaʻo ka poʻe he nui he ʻano maʻi a kūlana paha kēia. Akā ʻo ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻole ʻo Intersex he maʻi, he maʻi, a i ʻole kekahi ʻano "kūlana" ʻē. I ka wā ma mua, ua kapa ʻia ʻo 'Disorder of Sex Development' (DSD), ʻo ia hoʻi 'he maʻi o ka ulu ʻana o ka moekolohe'. Hiki nō iā ʻoe ke ʻike iā ia e pili ana i kēlā ʻano ma kekahi mau wahi. Akā i kēia manawa, ʻōlelo nā kauka a me ka poʻe i ʻike i kēia mea ʻaʻole ʻo Intersex he 'maʻi' ia, akā he ʻano kūlohelohe ia o ka moekolohe kanaka . No laila, ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kūlana Intersex ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e pono ʻoe i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau kūikawā.

He aha nā ʻāpana o ke kino e hiki ke hoʻopilikia ʻia e nā kūlana intersex?

Hiki i kēia kūlana ke hoʻopili i nā ʻāpana like ʻole o kou kino, ʻo ia hoʻi:

• ʻO nā ʻāpana moe kolohe: ʻO ia hoʻi, nā ʻāpana moekolohe o waho o ke kāne a wahine paha.
• Nā Chromosomes: Nā mea liʻiliʻi i loko o ko kākou mau pūnaewele a pau e loaʻa ana kā kākou ʻike hoʻoilina.
• Nā Hormones: E like me nā ʻelele kemika e kaohi ana i nā hana like ʻole o ke kino.
• ʻŌnaehana hānau: ʻO ka ʻōnaehana o nā ʻōkana e pili ana i ka hānau ʻana i nā keiki.
• Nā Gonads: ʻO kēia nā ovaries i nā wahine a i ʻole nā ​​​​testicles i nā kāne.

Pehea ka maʻamau o ka intersex?

Manaʻo paha ʻoe he mea laha ʻole kēia, kahi mea āu e ʻike pinepine ʻole ai. Akā, ʻaʻole ia. Ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ua manaʻo ʻia he hoʻokahi i loko o 100 mau kānaka he mau ʻano intersex. Ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, he 2% o ka heluna kanaka he mau ʻano intersex.Ua ʻōlelo ʻia aia nā ʻano intersex. No laila, ʻaʻole kēia he mea kakaikahi e like me kā mākou e manaʻo nei, ʻeā?

He aha ke kumu o kēia?

ʻAʻohe kumu hoʻokahi a paʻa no ka intersex. ʻO ia hoʻi, he paʻakikī ke ʻōlelo pololei i ke kumu o kēia. Akā, manaʻoʻiʻo nā kānaka ʻepekema a me nā kauka he nui nā kumu.

Hiki ke hoʻoili ʻia kekahi mau ʻano intersex mai kēlā hanauna a i kēia hanauna (hoʻoilina genetically). E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, hoʻoili ʻia kekahi mau ʻano i loko o ko kākou mau ʻohana (e like me ke kiʻekiʻe, ke kala o ka ʻili) ma o nā genes, pēlā nō ia. Akā, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o kēia.

I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hana ʻia e nā loli hormonal i ka wā o ka ulu ʻana o ka embryo, ʻo ia hoʻi nā pae mua o ka ulu ʻana o kahi pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū . Hiki paha ke lilo i loli i nā pae hormone maoli o ka makuahine, a i ʻole he hopena paha ia o nā hormones synthetic mai kahi lāʻau lapaʻau o waho.

Kahi mea hou aʻe:

• Nā loli i loko o kahi gene (gene receptor) e pili ana i ka hormone androgen: ʻO Androgen kahi hormone e kōkua nui ana i ka hoʻomohala ʻana o nā ʻano kāne. I mea e hoʻopilikia ai kēia hormone i nā cell o ke kino, pono i kēlā mau cell kahi 'receptor' kūpono no ia. Inā he loli i loko o ka gene e hana ai i kēia receptor, ʻoiai aia ka hormone androgen, ʻaʻole hiki i ke kino ke hoʻohana pono iā ia.
• ʻĀpana nalowale a nalowale paha o ka gene Y o ka ʻāpana hoʻoholo wahine (SRY): ʻO ka gene SRY, ka mea i loaʻa maʻamau ma ka chromosome Y, ke kuleana no ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻano kāne. Inā he pilikia me kēia gene, hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia ka ulu ʻana o ka moekolohe.
• ʻO nā kūlana genetic ʻē aʻe e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i nā pae hormone maʻamau ʻole e hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻōpū moekolohe: Hiki i nā kumu genetic ʻē aʻe ke komo pū me nā hemahema i ka hana ʻana o nā hormones e pono ai no ka ulu ʻana o ka moekolohe, a i ʻole ka hana nui ʻana o kekahi mau hormones.

Pehea e hōʻike ʻia ai ke kūlana intersex i loko o koʻu kino?

He ʻano kūikawā ka Intersex e hōʻike ʻia ana ma ke ʻano ʻokoʻa no kēlā me kēia kanaka. E like me ko kākou mau manamana lima, ʻokoʻa ka ʻike o kēlā me kēia kanaka i ka intersex. Wahi a nā kānaka ʻepekema he 40 mau ʻano like ʻole e hiki ai i kēia mau ʻano ke hōʻike. No laila, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale iā lākou i hoʻokahi mea: 'ʻO kēia ke ʻano o ka intersex.'

Eia naʻe, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kekahi o nā hōʻailona maʻamau:

• Nā ʻAno like ʻole o nā Chromosome: Loaʻa iā kākou āpau nā chromosome i loko o nā pūnaewele o ko kākou kino. ʻO kēia nā mea e lawe i kā kākou ʻike genetic. ʻO ka maʻamau, he XX chromosomes ko ka wahine a he XY chromosomes ko ke kāne. Hiki ke ʻokoʻa kēia no kekahi kanaka intersex.
• Eia kekahi laʻana, loaʻa paha i kekahi poʻe kahi hoʻonohonoho chromosome XXY (Klinefelter syndrome) .
• Hoʻokahi wale nō chromosome X o kekahi poʻe (XO - Turner syndrome).(Hoʻopilikia pū kēia i ka poʻe i hoʻokaʻawale ʻia he wahine, akā hiki ke hōʻike i nā ʻano intersex).
• I kekahi manawa, hiki i kekahi mau pūnaewele i loko o ke kino ke loaʻa nā chromosomes XX a ʻo nā pūnaewele ʻē aʻe he mau chromosomes XY. Ua kapa ʻia kēia ʻo 'mosaicism' .
• Nui nā ʻano hui pū ʻana o nā chromosome e like me kēia. Hiki i kēia mau loli chromosome ke hoʻopilikia i nā pae hormone o ke kino a me ka ulu ʻana o nā ʻōpū moekolohe.
• Nā ʻano like ʻole o nā ʻāpana o loko a me waho o ka genital:
• Hiki i kekahi poʻe intersex ke nānā aku i ka wahine ma waho, akā he ʻiʻo hānau kāne ko lākou, e like me nā testicles, ma loko. A i ʻole, he ʻāpana kāne ko lākou ma waho, akā he ʻiʻo hānau wahine ko lākou, e like me nā ovaries a i ʻole ka uterus, ma loko.
• I nā mea ʻē aʻe, hiki ke loaʻa nā ʻiʻo ovarian a me nā ʻiʻo testicular, malia paha e hui pū ʻia ma ke ʻano he 'ovotestes' .
• Hiki ke maopopo ʻole ke ʻano o nā ʻāpana o waho, ʻaʻole he kāne a he wahine paha. No ka laʻana, aia paha he clitoris nui aʻe ma mua o ka maʻamau a i ʻole he penis liʻiliʻi ma mua o ka maʻamau. A i ʻole, ʻokoʻa paha kahi o ka puka o ka vagina.
• Ma muli o kēia mau ʻokoʻa, hiki ke paʻakikī i kekahi manawa ke ʻike koke i ka wā e hānau ai kahi pēpē, 'He kaikamahine anei?'

Ke hoʻopilikia nei anei koʻu ʻano moekolohe i koʻu ʻano intersex?

He nīnau kēia a ka poʻe he nui e nīnau ai. ʻAʻohe pili o ke ʻano intersex me kou ʻano moekolohe. ʻAʻole pili ke kūlana intersex inā makemake ʻoe i ka poʻe o ke kāne ʻē aʻe (pololei), gay/lesbian, bisexual, asexual, a i ʻole he ʻano moekolohe ʻē aʻe. Hiki i ke kanaka intersex ke lilo i kekahi me kekahi ʻano moekolohe.

He hermaphrodite anei ke kanaka intersex?

" ʻAʻole, ʻaʻole loa. ʻAʻole maoli ka huaʻōlelo 'hermaphrodite' ma ke ʻano biological i loko o ke kanaka. He huaʻōlelo kahiko loa ia a hewa. ʻO ia hoʻi, he kāne piha kekahi a he wahine piha i ka manawa hoʻokahi. ʻAʻole hiki kēlā ma ke ʻano biological. ʻO kaʻoiaʻiʻo, he nui ka poʻe i loko o ke kaiāulu intersex e ʻike nei i kēlā huaʻōlelo he mea hoʻowahāwahā, hōʻino, a hilahila. No laila, ʻo nā huaʻōlelo kūpono ʻo Intersex a me 'being intersex'."

Pono anei ka poʻe intersex i ke ʻoki kino a i ʻole ka lāʻau lapaʻau?

"Inā he intersex ʻoe, ʻaʻole pono ʻoe i kekahi ʻoki kino."– . , , Intersex () , , , ‍ (gonadal tissue ) . 2 . ‍ .

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He aha nā pilikia o ke ʻoki ʻana i ka intersex?

"Hiki i nā ʻoki kino e like me kēia, ʻoiai nā mea i hana ʻia i ka wā ʻōpiopio, ke loaʻa kekahi mau pilikia. ʻO kekahi o lākou:

• Hoʻemi ʻia ka ʻike a me ka hana moekolohe: Hiki i ke ʻoki ʻana ke hōʻino i nā aʻalolo.
• ʻAʻole hānau keiki: Ma muli o ka wehe ʻana a i ʻole ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ʻiʻo hānau.
• ʻŌpala: Hiki ke hoʻopilikia i ke kino a me ka noʻonoʻo.
• Ka paʻakikī o ka mimi ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻōki ʻana i ka mimi.
• Loaʻa pinepine ʻia nā maʻi ʻaʻai mimi (UTI).
• Nā hopena noʻonoʻo: Hopohopo a me ka huhū i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻoholo i nā hoʻoholo e pili ana i ke kino ponoʻī.

ʻO ia ke kumu, ke ʻole he kumu olakino wikiwiki, ke ʻōlelo nei ka poʻe he nui e hoʻopanee i ia mau ʻoki kino a hiki i ka wā e lawa ai ke kanaka e hoʻomaopopo.

Aia kekahi mau pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ke kūlana intersex?

"ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ua olakino maikaʻi ka poʻe me ka intersex. Eia naʻe, he mea kakaikahi loa, aia kekahi mau pilikia olakino ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ke kūlana intersex:

• ʻO nā pilikia o ka iwi, e like me ka osteopenia a me ka osteoporosis - hiki ke kumu ʻia kēia mau mea e kekahi mau hemahema hormonal.
• Aia kahi pilikia liʻiliʻi o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i kekahi mau ʻano maʻi kanesa (ʻoi aku hoʻi inā he ʻiʻo gonadal i ulu pono ʻole i loko o ke kino).
• ʻO kekahi mau kūlana e pili ana i ka hormone, no ka laʻana ʻo 'Congenital adrenal hyperplasia' a i ʻole 'Androgen insensitivity syndrome'.
• Aia ka puka o ka urethral ma ka ʻaoʻao hema o ka penis (Hypospadias) a i ʻole ʻaʻohe puka o ka urethral.
• ʻO ka maʻi Klinefelter - He maʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kāne he chromosome X keu.
• ʻO ka maʻi Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser - ʻAʻole ulu ka ʻōpū a me ka vagina e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia.
• ʻO ka maʻi Swyer - ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻomohala i nā kelepa wahine.

"Akā, e hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole pili kēia mau maʻi āpau i nā poʻe intersex āpau. He mea kākaʻikahi loa kēia. A, inā loaʻa kēia mau kūlana, hiki ke mālama ʻia."

Pehea e ʻike ai inā he intersex wau?

"Inā ua hānau ʻia ʻoe me kahi ʻokoʻa kūikawā i kou mau ʻōpū, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike he intersex ʻoe. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i kou ola. Eia naʻe, i kekahi manawa ma hope o ke ola e ʻike paha ʻoe i nā mea e like me:

• ʻAʻole hiki mai ka wā ʻōpiopio i ka manawa i manaʻo ʻia. Eia kekahi laʻana, ʻaʻole hoʻomaka ke kaikamahine i kona wā i manaʻo ʻia, a i ʻole ke keikikāne ʻaʻole e loaʻa nā hōʻailona e like me ka leo hohonu a i ʻole ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻumiʻumi.
• I ka wā ʻōpio, loaʻa nā loli i kūlike ʻole me kou kāne i kākau inoa ʻia. Eia kekahi laʻana, ka ulu ʻana o ka umauma i ke keikikāne, a i ʻole ka hohonu o ka leo i ke kaikamahine, a i ʻole ka ulu nui ʻana o ka lauoho o ke kino.
• Paʻakikī i ka hāpai ʻana i nā keiki (hānau ʻole). I kekahi manawa, ʻike wale ka poʻe he intersex lākou ke hoʻāʻo nei lākou e loaʻa kahi keiki.

"Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mea e like me kēia, ʻo ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ke ʻike i ke kauka a loaʻa ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo. Hiki iā lākou ke hana i nā hoʻokolohua e pono ai a hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi ʻike maopopo no kēia."

Ke hoʻopilikia nei anei ka intersex i ka hānau keiki?

"Inā he intersex ʻoe, ʻo ka hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa keiki e pili ana i kekahi mau kumu. Aia ia i kou kūlana intersex kikoʻī, ka ulu ʻana o kāu ʻōnaehana hānau keiki, a pēlā aku. Hiki i kekahi poʻe intersex ke loaʻa keiki ma ke ʻano maoli. No kekahi poʻe, he mea paʻakikī paha."

Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ka poʻe intersex he nui ke alakaʻi i nā ʻohana a hānai i nā keiki.Pono paha kēia i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻenehana kōkua hānau (ART). Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me nā ʻano hana e like me ka hoʻoulu ʻana i loko o ka vitro (IVF), ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā hua manu i hāʻawi ʻia, ka sperm a i ʻole nā ​​embryos, a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi mea lawe hāpai/mea pani.

ʻO ka mea nui loa, inā makemake ʻoe e hānai i kahi keiki, e kamaʻilio me ke kauka e pili ana i ia mea a e ʻike i nā koho āu e loaʻa ai.

ʻO ka mea nui loa: ke kākoʻo a me ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana

"ʻO ka lilo ʻana i intersex, ʻoiai ke aʻo mua ʻoe e pili ana i ia mea, hiki ke lilo i nui nā nīnau. Hiki iā ʻoe ke makaʻu, hopohopo, a mehameha paha. Hiki i ka poʻe Intersex ke manaʻo haʻahaʻa i ko lākou helehelena a paʻakikī paha ke kūpono me ko lākou mau hoa. ʻO ka launa pū ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e hoʻomaopopo i kēia mau pilikia hiki ke kōkua nui."

He mea maikaʻi ke manaʻo e like me ʻoe kekahi e hoʻomaopopo a hoʻolohe iā ʻoe. No laila, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka a e ʻike e pili ana i nā hui kākoʻo a me nā kumuwaiwai ʻē aʻe e hiki ke kōkua i nā poʻe e like me ʻoe. Hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa ka ʻike a me nā hui kākoʻo ma ka pūnaewele.

"E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi. Nui ka poʻe e hoʻomaopopo i kēia kūlana a hiki ke kākoʻo iā ʻoe. He mea nui loa ke kamaʻilio me kahi āu e hilinaʻi ai e pili ana i kou mau manaʻo."

Leka Lawe-Home

"ʻAe, eia kekahi o nā mea nui e pono ai ʻoe e hoʻomanaʻo mai kā mākou i kamaʻilio ai:

• ʻAʻole he maʻi ka Intersex. He ʻano kūlohelohe ia o ka moekolohe kanaka.
• Hiki i kēia kūlana ke hoʻopili i nā mea e like me nā ʻōpū moekolohe, nā chromosomes, a me nā hormones.
• Hiki ke ʻike ʻia nā ʻano intersex i ka wā hānau, i ka wā ʻōpio, a ma hope paha. ʻAʻole paha lākou e ʻike ʻia e ka honua waho.
• Mai hoʻohana i ka huaʻōlelo 'hermaphrodite'. He hewa ia a he hōʻino. ʻO ka huaʻōlelo pololei ʻo Intersex.
• Nui ka hoʻopaʻapaʻa e pili ana i ke ʻoki kino no nā keiki intersex. Aia kahi manaʻo ikaika inā ʻaʻole he kumu lapaʻau wikiwiki, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kali a hiki i ka wā e lawa ai ke keiki e hāʻawi i ka ʻae ʻike .
• He nui ka poʻe intersex e ola olakino ana, hauʻoli, a hiki iā lākou ke loaʻa nā ʻohana a hānai i nā keiki.
• " Inā he mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i kēia, mai hele wale. E kamaʻilio me ke kauka hilinaʻi, ke kākā'ōlelo, a i ʻole kahi hui kākoʻo intersex. Inā makemake ʻoe i ke kōkua, mai makaʻu e noi aku."

ʻO ka Intersex, ka ulu ʻana o ka moekolohe, ke olakino hānau hou, nā chromosomes, nā hormones, ka ʻike kāne, DSD