E aʻo hou aʻe kākou e pili ana i nā lipoproteins, i hana ʻia me nā momona a me nā protein.

Ua noʻonoʻo paha ʻoe pehea e neʻe ai ka momona i loko o ko kākou kino (i kapa ʻia hoʻi he momona ke ʻōlelo mākou) mai kekahi wahi a i kekahi wahi? He mau ʻāpana kūikawā nā lipoproteins e kōkua ana i kēia. I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ua like lākou me nā kaʻa liʻiliʻi e lawe ana i nā mea e like me ka momona a me ka cholesterol i loko o ko kākou kino i kahi e pono ai lākou ma o ke koko. Hele lākou ma o ko kākou mau kīʻaha koko. He maikaʻi loa kekahi mau lipoproteins no ko kākou puʻuwai, akā hiki i kekahi ke hoʻopilikia iki. No laila, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia mau lipoproteins ma ke ʻano maʻalahi a pololei, e like me nā mea āpau.

He aha maoli ke ʻano o ka cholesterol a me ka triglycerides?

Ma mua o ko kākou kamaʻilio ʻana e pili ana i nā lipoproteins, e hoʻomaopopo iki kākou e pili ana i kēia mau huaʻōlelo ʻelua: cholesterol a me triglycerides. He mau momona waxy nā mea ʻelua i loaʻa i loko o ko kākou koko. Akā, ʻokoʻa iki ke ʻano o ka hana ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana o ko kākou kino iā lākou.

• Kolesterol: ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, hana ʻia ka cholesterol i loko o ko kākou ake. Loaʻa iā kākou ka cholesterol mai kekahi o nā meaʻai a kākou e ʻai ai, ʻoiai nā momona holoholona, ​​​​ka ʻiʻo, ka iʻa, a me nā huahana waiū. ʻAʻole wale kēia cholesterol he mea ʻino no ko kākou kino. Kōkua kēia cholesterol i ka hana ʻana i ka huaora D, a me nā hormones koʻikoʻi e like me ka estrogen, testosterone, a me ka cortisol . ʻAʻole wale ia, he mea nui nō hoʻi no ka hana ʻana i nā cell i loko o kā kākou ʻōnaehana nerve.

• Triglycerides: Hana ʻia kēia mau mea e ko kākou akepaʻa a me nā ʻōpū i loko o kā kākou ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe. Ke ʻai nui kākou i nā meaʻai momona a kiʻekiʻe i ka calorie, hana hou aku ko kākou kino i nā triglycerides. Mālama ʻia nā triglycerides keu a kākou e hana ai i loko o kā kākou mau hunaola momona. Ma hope mai, ke pono ke kino i ka ikehu, hoʻokuʻu ʻia kēia mau triglycerides i mālama ʻia i loko o ke koko.

I kēia manawa, ua maopopo paha iā ʻoe ke ʻano o ka cholesterol a me nā triglycerides a me ko lākou koʻikoʻi i ko mākou kino. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ka pilikia ke piʻi nui lākou.

He aha nā ʻano lipoproteins i loaʻa?

ʻElima mau ʻano nui o nā lipoproteins i loko o ko kākou kino. E nānā kākou i ko lākou ʻano.

• ʻO ka lipoprotein kiʻekiʻe-density (HDL): ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he "cholesterol maikaʻi." Kōkua ka HDL i ka lawe ʻana i ka cholesterol keu mai ke kino i ke akepaʻa, kahi e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai. ʻO nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka HDL e hōʻemi i ko mākou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi cardiovascular. Ua like ia me kahi hoaaloha iā mākou.

• Lipoprotein haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (LDL): ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he "cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole"Ua kapa ʻia. ʻO ka piʻi ʻana o nā pae LDL e hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi ʻaʻai coronary, nā hōʻeha puʻuwai, a me ka hahau. Lawe ka LDL i ka cholesterol a waiho iā ia i loko o ko mākou mau kīʻaha koko. Ke waiho ʻia ma kēia ʻano, lilo ia e like me ka lepo i loko o ka paipu, e hōʻemi ana i ka hakahaka i loko o nā kīʻaha koko a keʻakeʻa nei i ke kahe koko. Kāhea mākou i kēia ʻano he atherosclerosis .

• Nā lipoproteins haʻahaʻa loa (VLDL): ʻO kēia kekahi ʻano o ka "cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole." Lawe nui ka VLDL i nā triglycerides i ko kākou mau ʻiʻo. Kōkua pū ia i ka lawe ʻana o ka cholesterol i kekahi ʻano.

• Nā lipoproteins density waena (IDL): Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia mau mea ma hope o ka wehe ʻia ʻana o kekahi o nā waikawa momona o VLDL. A laila wehe ʻia kēia mau IDL e ke akepaʻa a hoʻololi ʻia paha i LDL.

• Chylomicrons: ʻO kēia nā ʻāpana lipoprotein nui loa. Hāpai pū lākou i nā triglycerides.

ʻIke ʻoe, aia nā ʻano lipoproteins like ʻole, a hana lākou i nā mea like ʻole.

He aha ka lipoprotein (a) a i ʻole LP(a)?

He mea kūikawā iki kēia. ʻO Lipoprotein (a) a i ʻole LP(a) kekahi ʻano like o LDL, ka "cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole" a mākou i kamaʻilio ai. Akā, he mea kūikawā kēia. ʻO kekahi protein i kapa ʻia ʻo apolipoprotein (a) a i ʻole apo(a) ua ʻōwili ʻia a puni kēia ʻāpana LDL. ʻO kēia apo(a) ka mea e "pili iki ai" i ka ʻāpana LDL. No laila, hiki ke waiho maʻalahi kēia LP(a) i loko o nā kīʻaha koko, e hoʻonui ana i ka pilikia o nā pilikia cardiovascular. ʻO ka loaʻa ʻana o nā pae kiʻekiʻe o LP(a) he kumu nui ia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka atherosclerosis.

ʻOiai hiki i kā mākou ʻai a me ke ʻano o ka nohona ke hoʻopilikia i nā pae HDL a me LDL ʻē aʻe, ua hoʻoholo nui ʻia kā mākou mau pae LP(a) e ko mākou mau genes. Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe nā pae LP(a) kiʻekiʻe ma muli o nā hoʻololi genetic. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o kēlā poʻe i ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi puʻuwai i ka wā ʻōpiopio.

He aha ka hoʻāʻo koko Lipid Panel?

Ua noi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e loaʻa kahi "lipid profile." ʻO ia ka inoa o kēia hoʻāʻo koko lipid panel . Ana ia i ka cholesterol holoʻokoʻa i loko o kou koko. Ana pū ia i nā pae o HDL, LDL, a me nā triglycerides, a me kāu cholesterol holoʻokoʻa.

He hoʻāʻo koko maʻalahi loa kēia. ʻAʻole i ʻoi aku ma mua o ʻelima mau minuke. Hiki iā ʻoe ke hana ma ke keʻena o kāu kauka, ma kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua, a i ʻole ma kahi haukapila. No nā hopena maikaʻi loa, pono ʻoe e hoʻokē ʻai no 8 a 12 mau hola ma mua o ka hana ʻana i kēia hoʻāʻo koko.ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ʻoe e ʻai a inu paha i kekahi mea. Hiki ke noi ʻia ʻoe e hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau āu e lawe nei no kekahi manawa. No laila, pono ʻoe e hahai pono i nā ʻōlelo a ke kauka.

Pehea a i ka manawa hea e hoʻāʻo ʻia ai ka lipoprotein (a) [LP(a)]?

ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻaʻole i nānā ʻia ka pae LP(a) o nā kānaka a pau. Inā wale nō e noi pololei ana kāu kauka, e nānā lākou i ka pae LP(a) me ka panela lipid.

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia kēia hoʻāʻo no ka poʻe i loaʻa kekahi mau kumu pilikia no ka maʻi puʻuwai. ʻO kēia mau mea:

• Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia puʻuwai ma mua.
• Inā ua loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana, ʻoiai hoʻi nā hoahānau mua (nā mākua, nā kaikaina), ka maʻi puʻuwai i kona wā ʻōpiopio.
• Inā kiʻekiʻe loa kou pae LDL.
• Inā he mau kumu pilikia kou no ka familial hypercholesterolemia , kahi kūlana genetic e hoʻoulu ai i nā pae LDL kiʻekiʻe.

He aha ke koʻikoʻi o kēia hoʻāʻo koko lipid?

ʻAʻole pinepine ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe i kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​​​no laila ʻo ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia hoʻāʻo koko ke ala maikaʻi loa e ʻike ai i nā pilikia cholesterol e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kou puʻuwai a me nā kīʻaha koko.

Hoʻohana nā kauka i kēia hoʻāʻo koko lipid no nā mea e like me:

• Nā Nānā: Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kāu nānā olakino makahiki. Hiki i kēia ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike inā ʻoe i ka piʻi ʻana o ka pilikia no ka maʻi cardiovascular. Ke ʻike ʻoe ua piʻi ʻoe i ka pilikia, hiki iā ʻoe ke hana i nā hana e pale aku ai i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e like me ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a me ka hahau.
• ʻIkepili: Kōkua kēia hoʻāʻo koko cholesterol i ka ʻike ʻana i nā maʻi e like me ka atherosclerosis .
• Nānā ʻana: Hiki i kēia mau hopena hoʻāʻo ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike inā e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o kāu pae cholesterol, pono ka mālama ʻana, a i ʻole e pane maikaʻi ana i ka mālama ʻana.

Ehia pinepine e hana ʻia ai kēia mau hoʻāʻo lipoprotein?

He mea maʻamau ka piʻi ʻana o ka lipoprotein a me ka cholesterol holoʻokoʻa me ka makahiki. Ke piʻi aʻe kou pilikia, e ʻōlelo paha kāu kauka i nā hoʻāʻo pinepine.

ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻo kēia nā mea i ʻōlelo ʻia no nā hoʻāʻo koko lipid:

• No nā kāne ma luna o 35 mau makahiki a me nā wahine ma luna o 45 mau makahiki.
• ʻO ka Atherosclerosis ka mea maʻamau i nā kāne ma waena o 20 a me 35 mau makahiki a me nā wahine ma waena o 20 a me 45 mau makahiki.
• No nā keiki, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka lawe ʻana i kēia hoʻokolohua i hoʻokahi manawa ma waena o 9 a me 11 mau makahiki, a laila ma waena o 17 a me 21 mau makahiki.

He aha nā pae olakino o nā lipoproteins?

Ana nā keʻena hoʻokolohua i ka cholesterol a me nā lipoproteins ma nā milligrams no ka deciliter (mg/dL). Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā ʻano hana i hoʻohana ʻia e kēlā me kēia keʻena hoʻokolohua. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, hiki ke ʻokoʻa iki nā hopena mai ka hāpana koko like mai ka keʻena hoʻokolohua a i ka keʻena hoʻokolohua. I nā manawa hiki, makemake kāu kauka e hoʻohana i ka keʻena hoʻokolohua like e nānā i kou mau pae.

ʻOkoʻa nā pae olakino o HDL, LDL, triglycerides, a me ka cholesterol holoʻokoʻa ma muli o ka makahiki a me ke kāne. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā pae olakino nou. Ma keʻano laulā, inā ʻaʻohe ou kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe, ua manaʻo ʻia kēia mau waiwai he olakino:

• Ka nui o ka cholesterol: 100-199 mg/dL no ka poʻe ma luna o 21 mau makahiki; 75-169 mg/dL no ka poʻe 20 mau makahiki a ʻōpiopio.
• HDL (kolesterol maikaʻi): 45 mg/dL a ʻoi aku paha. (ʻOi aku ka maikaʻi o 55 mg/dL a ʻoi aku paha no nā wahine, 45 mg/dL a ʻoi aku paha no nā kāne)
• LDL (kolesterol maikaʻi ʻole): emi ma lalo o 100 mg/dL.
• Nā Triglycerides: Ma lalo o 150 mg/dL.

ʻAʻole hiki i kahi panela lipid ke ana pololei i nā pae VLDL, a ʻaʻohe hoʻāʻo kikoʻī no ia mea. Akā, kuhi nā labs i kāu mau pae VLDL ma ka puʻunaue ʻana i kāu mau triglycerides i ʻelima. Pono ka pae VLDL olakino ma lalo o 30 mg/dL. Eia nō naʻe, ʻaʻole pololei mau kēia ʻano hana inā kiʻekiʻe loa kāu mau triglycerides.

He aha ka waiwai maʻamau o ka lipoprotein (a) [LP(a)]?

Ua hōʻike ʻia nā pae LP(a) ma mg/dL a i ʻole nanomoles no ka lita (nmol/L). ʻO kahi waiwai ma luna o 50 mg/dL a i ʻole 75 nmol/L ua manaʻo ʻia he kiʻekiʻe, a hoʻonui i ka pilikia o nā kūlana e like me ka atherosclerosis, ka hōʻeha puʻuwai, a me ka hahau .

He aha nā kumu pilikia no ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole (LDL)?

ʻO nā wahine postmenopausal a me nā pākeke ma luna o 40 ka poʻe i loaʻa i ka pilikia nui loa o nā pae LDL kiʻekiʻe. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i nā keiki ʻōpio ke loaʻa nā pilikia cholesterol. I kou wā ʻelemakule, lohi kāu metabolism, a emi iho ka hiki o kou akepaʻa ke wehe i ka cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole mai kou kino.

He kuleana ko ka lāhui a me ka ʻano lāhui. ʻOi aku ka nui o ka poʻe ʻAsia-ʻAmelika e loaʻa i nā pae LDL kiʻekiʻe, ʻoiai ʻoi aku ka nui o ka poʻe keʻokeʻo e loaʻa i nā pae cholesterol holoʻokoʻa kiʻekiʻe.

ʻO nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe e hiki ke hoʻonui i nā pae LDL:

• He ʻai kiʻekiʻe i nā calorie, nā momona momona, a me ka cholesterol. (Pono mākou e noʻonoʻo iki e pili ana i nā mea momona a palai a mākou e ʻai ai.)
• Nā kūlana e like me ka maʻi diabetes a me nā maʻi puʻupaʻa.
• He moʻolelo ʻohana o ka cholesterol kiʻekiʻe.
• Ka inu nui ʻana a me ka puhipaka.
• Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e like me corticosteroids a me kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau no ke koko kiʻekiʻe a me ka maʻi HIV/AIDS.
• Kaumaha Loa (Momona).

Pehea e mālama ai i nā pae LDL kiʻekiʻe?

ʻO ka poʻe me nā pae LDL kiʻekiʻe, ka mea e hoʻonui ai iā lākou i ka pilikia no ka maʻi puʻuwai a me ka hahau ʻana, pono pinepine lākou i nā lāʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa cholesterol, e like me nā statins, ezetimibe, a me nā mea hoʻopaʻa PCSK9 . Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaikaʻi i kēia mau pae ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i kāu meaʻai a me kou nohona.

He aha nā mea e hiki ai ke hoʻonui i ka pae o nā lipoproteins?

ʻO ka hana ʻana i kekahi mau hoʻololi i kāu meaʻai a me kou nohona e hiki ke kōkua i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻana i kāu cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole (LDL) a hoʻonui i kāu cholesterol maikaʻi (HDL). Hiki i kēia mau ʻanuʻu ke kōkua:

• E hana kino no ka liʻiliʻi he 150 mau minuke i ka pule (ʻo ia hoʻi ma kahi o 30 mau minuke i ka lā). He mea maikaʻi nō hoʻi ka hele wāwae pōkole a i ʻole ka hoʻoikaika kino.
• E ʻai i ka meaʻai olakino no ka puʻuwai. ʻO ia hoʻi ka ʻai ʻana i nā meaʻai haʻahaʻa i nā momona maikaʻi ʻole, nā kō maʻalahi (carbohydrates), a kiʻekiʻe i ka fiber.
• E kāohi i ke koko kiʻekiʻe a me ka maʻi diabetes.
• Hiamoe maikaʻi.
• E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino. Inā ʻoe he momona loa, ʻo ka lilo ʻana o 5% a 10% o kou kaumaha kino hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i kou pae cholesterol.
• E ʻimi i nā ala olakino e hoʻokele ai i ke kaumaha.
• E hōʻemi i ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona.
• E noi i ke kōkua e hoʻōki i ka puhipaka (hoʻonui ka nicotine i nā pae LDL a hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae HDL).

Leka Lawe-Home:

ʻAe, ua kamaʻilio nui kākou e pili ana i nā lipoproteins i kēia lā, ʻeā? I ka pōkole, eia nā mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai:

• Ua like nā lipoproteins me nā kaʻa e halihali ana i ka momona a me ka cholesterol i loko o ko kākou kino.
• ʻO HDL ka "cholesterol maikaʻi," ka mea e kōkua ai i ka wehe ʻana i ka cholesterol keu mai ke kino.
• ʻO LDL ka "cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole." Inā piʻi ia, hiki iā ia ke hōʻiliʻili i loko o nā kīʻaha koko a hoʻoulu i nā maʻi puʻuwai.
• ʻO LP(a) kekahi ʻano o ka cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole "sticky", kahi e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai.
• Hiki i nā mea e like me kou nohona, ka ʻai, a me ka hoʻoikaika kino ke loaʻa ka hopena nui i kāu mau pae lipoprotein.
• I kekahi manawa, pono paha nā lāʻau lapaʻau (e like me "Statins") e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i nā pae LDL a me LP(a) a hoʻonui i nā pae HDL.
• ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka loaʻa ʻana o nā hoʻāʻo koko maʻamau e noho ʻike e pili ana i kāu mau pae a hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka.

Ke lana nei koʻu manaʻo e kōkua kēia ʻike iā ʻoe e mālama i kou puʻuwai!

` lipoproteins, cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL, LDL, VLDL, maʻi puʻuwai, lipid panel, atherosclerosis, LP(a), cholesterol