Haʻahaʻa ke kaumaha o kāu pēpē i ka wā hānau? (Low Birth Weight) E makaʻala kākou i kēia!

Ua lohe paha ʻoe ua emi ke kaumaha o kahi pēpē hānau hou? Ke lohe ʻoe i ia mau lono, makaʻu iki ʻoe a hoihoi, ʻeā? "No ke aha i hana ʻia ai kēlā? E maikaʻi anei ke pēpē?" Nui nā nīnau e hiki mai ana i ka noʻonoʻo. No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo ke Kaumaha Hānau Haʻahaʻa . He mea kēia e pono ai nā mākua he nui e ʻike.

He aha ke kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, inā emi ke kaumaha o kāu pēpē hānau hou ma mua o 2500 grams (ʻo ia hoʻi he 2.5 kilokani a i ʻole 5 paona 8 auneke) , ʻo ia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa. ʻO kēia ke kaumaha i kaupaona ʻia ai ke pēpē i ka wā hānau.

Ma ka awelika, ma kahi o 80 o 100 mau pēpē i hānau ʻia i ka wā hāpai (ma waena o 37 a me 41 mau pule o ka hāpai ʻana) ke kaumaha ma waena o 2,600 grams (2.6 kg) a me 3,800 grams (3.8 kg).

Akā eia ka mea, ʻoiai ua hānau ʻia kahi pēpē me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo e lilo lākou i pēpē kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ko lākou wā e ulu ana. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, olakino kekahi mau pēpē me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau ʻoiai he liʻiliʻi lākou.

Eia nō naʻe, hiki i ke kaumaha o ka pēpē i ka wā hānau ke kōkua i nā kauka e hoʻoholo inā pono lākou i ka mālama kūikawā ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana. ʻO kēia no ka mea hiki i kekahi mau pēpē ke loaʻa nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi ma muli o ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau. Inā liʻiliʻi loa kāu pēpē i ka wā hānau, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī iā ia ke ʻai, hoʻonui i ke kaumaha, a pale aku i nā maʻi . Hiki i kekahi mau pēpē ke loaʻa nā pilikia olakino lōʻihi.

Pehea ka maʻamau o kēia ʻano?

Ke hānau ʻia nei nā pēpē kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, me ko mākou ʻāina pū kekahi. No ka laʻana, ma ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa, ma kahi o hoʻokahi o kēlā me kēia 12 mau pēpē i hānau ʻia i ka makahiki 2021 i hānau ʻia me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau. ʻO ia hoʻi ma kahi o 8.52% o nā hānau ola. No laila, ʻaʻole kēia he mea maʻamau ʻole.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ke kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa?

ʻIke ʻia nā pēpē i hānau ʻia me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau he ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi ma mua o nā pēpē olakino a kaumaha maʻamau. Eia kekahi, ʻike ʻia ke poʻo o ka pēpē he ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o ke kino ʻē aʻe. Hiki ke ʻike ʻia hoʻi he wiwi lākou no ka mea he emi ko lākou momona o ke kino.

He aha ke kumu o ke kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa?

ʻElua kumu nui o ke kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa. ʻO lākou kēia:

1. Hānau mua ʻana

2. Ka palena o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōpū

Ka hānau mua ʻana

ʻO ka hānau mua ʻana, a i ʻole "hānau mua ʻana", ʻo ia ka wā e hānau ʻia ai kāu pēpē ma mua o ka hebedoma 37 o ka hāpai ʻana. ʻO ke ʻano o ka hānau mua ʻana, ʻaʻole i lawa ka manawa o kāu pēpē e ulu ai a loaʻa ke kaumaha i loko o kou ʻōpū. ʻO kēia no ka mea, loaʻa i ka pēpē ka hapa nui o kona kaumaha i nā pule hope loa o ka hāpai ʻana.

Ka palena o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōpū

ʻO kekahi kumu nui ʻē aʻe, ʻo ia ka palena o ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē i loko o ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole ka mea a nā kauka e kapa nei he "Intrauterine Growth Restriction (IUGR)". ʻO kēia ka wā hiki ʻole i kahi pēpē ke ulu a hoʻonui i ke kaumaha e like me ka mea e pono ai i loko o ka ʻōpū. I kekahi manawa, hiki i ka pēpē ke hānau liʻiliʻi no ka mea he liʻiliʻi nā mākua. He mea maʻamau kēia.

Akā, loaʻa i kekahi mau pēpē ka IUGR no ka mea ke hoʻopilikia nei kekahi mea i ko lākou ulu ʻana i ka wā hāpai. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e:

• Nā pilikia o ka placenta: Loaʻa i ka pēpē nā meaʻai a me ka oxygen e pono ai ma o ka placenta. No laila, inā he pilikia me ka placenta, e hoʻopilikia ia i ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē.
• Kou olakino: Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi i loaʻa i ka makuahine i ka wā hāpai (e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka maʻi diabetes) ke hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē.
• Ke olakino o ka pēpē: I kekahi manawa, hiki ke hoʻopaneʻe ʻia ka ulu ʻana ma muli o kahi maʻi hoʻoilina a i ʻole ka maʻi i loko o ka pēpē.

He aha nā kumu pilikia e hoʻopilikia ai i kēia?

Aia kekahi mau kumu e hoʻonui ai i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pēpē kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau. Eia kekahi o lākou:

• Nā maʻi mau loa i loaʻa iā ʻoe i ka wā hāpai: No ka laʻana, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi maʻi lōʻihi e like me ka maʻi diabetes mellitus a i ʻole ke koko kiʻekiʻe.
• Nā maʻi i ka wā hāpai: Hiki i kekahi mau maʻi ke hoʻopilikia i ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē.
• Ke hoʻohana nei i kekahi mau lāʻau lapaʻau i ka wā hāpai: Mai lawe i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau i kēia manawa me ka ʻole o ka ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo a ke kauka.
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā mea e like me ka waiʻona a me ka paka i ka wā hāpai: He mea ʻino loa kēia i ka pēpē.
• ʻAʻole lawa ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha a i ʻole ʻaʻole mālama i ke kaumaha i ka wā hāpai: He mea nui loa ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai kaulike.
• Ka hāpai ʻana ma mua o hoʻokahi pēpē (Multiples): ʻOi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o kēia pilikia ke kali ʻoe i nā māhoe a i ʻole nā ​​​​mākolu.
• Ka ʻike ʻia ʻana i ke kēpau a i ʻole ka haumia o ka ea.
• Nā makuahine ma lalo o 17 a ʻoi aku paha ma mua o 35 mau makahiki.
• Ka hānau mua ʻana.

"ʻAʻole nā ​​kānaka a pau i loaʻa i kēia mau kumu pilikia a pau e loaʻa kahi pēpē kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau. Eia kekahi, hiki i kahi mea i loaʻa ʻole kekahi o kēia mau kumu ke loaʻa kahi pēpē kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau. No laila, mai hopohopo, akā he mea nui e makaʻala i kēia."

He aha nā pilikia o kēia maʻi?

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o nā pēpē i hānau ʻia me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau i ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau pilikia olakino. ʻAʻole ikaika ko lākou kino liʻiliʻi e like me nā pēpē i hānau ʻia me ke kaumaha maʻamau i ka wā hānau. Loaʻa paha iā lākou ka paʻakikī i ka ʻai ʻana, ka piʻi ʻana o ke kaumaha, a me ke kūʻē ʻana i nā maʻi . Eia kekahi, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka momona o ke kino o nā pēpē me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau, e paʻakikī ai iā lākou ke noho mehana .

ʻO ka haʻahaʻa o ke kaumaha o ka pēpē i ka wā hānau, ʻo ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia o nā pilikia. ʻO kekahi o kēia mau pilikia e hiki ke kū mai i ka wā mua :

• Haʻahaʻa ka nui o ka oxygen i ka wā hānau.
• Nā maʻi.
• ʻŌuliuli.
• Nā pilikia hanu: ʻOi aku ka Infant Respiratory Distress Syndrome (IRDS), kahi maʻi hanu i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā māmā ʻōpiopio.
• Nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana aʻalolo: No ka laʻana, hiki ke kahe ke koko i loko o ka lolo (Intraventricular Hemorrhage - IVH).
• Nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe: Nā kūlana e like me ka "Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC)", ka mea e hōʻino nui ai i ka ʻiʻo ʻōpū.

Aia kekahi pilikia kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā pilikia lōʻihi :

• Ka lohi ʻana o ka ulu ʻana o ke kino a me ka nohona: ʻO ke ʻano kēia, hiki ke lohi iki nā mea e like me ka hele wāwae a me ke kamaʻilio ʻana.
• Nā ʻokoʻa o ke aʻo ʻana.
• Nā kūlana olakino e hiki ke kū mai i kou wā ʻelemakule: nā mea e like me ke koko kiʻekiʻe, ka maʻi puʻuwai, ka momona, a me ka maʻi diabetes.

Pehea e ʻike ai i ke kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa?

Ke hele ʻoe i ke keʻena lapaʻau i kou wā hāpai, e hoʻohana kāu kauka i nā ʻano hana like ʻole e loaʻa ai kahi manaʻo o ka nui o kāu pēpē. ʻO kekahi ala e nānā i kou kaumaha i loaʻa. ʻO kekahi, ʻo ke ana ʻana i ke 'kiʻekiʻe fundal '. ʻO kēia ka mamao mai luna o ka uterus a i ka iwi pubic. E hoʻohana pū kāu kauka i kahi scan '(ultrasound)' e nānā i ka ulu ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana o ka pēpē.

I loko o nā hola mua ma hope o ka hānau ʻana, e kaupaona ke kauka i ka pēpē. E hoʻohālikelike lākou i ke kaumaha o ka pēpē me ka makahiki hāpai a hoʻopaʻa iā ia i loko o ka moʻolelo lapaʻau. ʻO ka pēpē i emi iho ma mua o 2500 grams (2.5 kilokani) ua kapa ʻia he kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa, a ʻo ka pēpē i emi iho ma mua o 1500 grams (1.5 kilokani) ua kapa ʻia he kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa loa .

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ke kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa?

Na ke kauka o kāu pēpē e hoʻoholo i ke ʻano o ka lāʻau e pono ai no kahi pēpē kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau. E hoʻoholo lākou i kēia lāʻau ma muli o ke ʻano o ka pēpē:

• Makahiki hāpai.
• Ke kūlana olakino holoʻokoʻa.
• Moʻolelo lapaʻau.
• Ma muli o ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomanawanui i nā lāʻau lapaʻau, nā kaʻina hana lapaʻau, a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​lāʻau lapaʻau .

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ke kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa e komo pū me:

• Mālama ʻana o ka Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU): ʻO kēia ke keʻena mālama koʻikoʻi no nā pēpē hānau hou.
• Ke kau ʻana i kahi pēpē i loko o kahi moe i kāohi ʻia ka mahana: He mea nui loa kēia no ka mea he paʻakikī i nā pēpē ʻōpio ke mālama i ka mahana o ko lākou kino.
• Ka hānai kūikawā: I kekahi manawa, inā ʻaʻole hiki i ka pēpē ke omo, hāʻawi ʻia ka waiū ma ke ʻano he wai ma o ka laina intravenous (IV) a i ʻole kahi paipu i kau ʻia i loko o ka ʻōpū.
• Pono ka lāʻau lapaʻau no nā pilikia ʻē aʻe.

ʻO nā pēpē i hānau ʻia me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau, ke ʻole he mau pilikia ʻē aʻe, e hahai pinepine lākou i nā pēpē ʻē aʻe e pili ana i ka ulu ʻana o ke kino i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. Ma muli o ke kūlana o kāu pēpē, hiki i kāu kauka ke kuhikuhi iā lākou i kahi loea no ka mālama hou aku.

He aha ka mea e hana ai inā hānau ʻia kaʻu pēpē me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau?

Inā hānau ʻia kāu pēpē me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau, pono paha iā ia ka mālama kūikawā ma ka ʻāpana mālama koʻikoʻi neonatal (NICU) o ka haukapila . E noho ʻo ia ma ka NICU a hiki i kona loaʻa ʻana o ke kaumaha kūpono a manaʻo nā kauka ua lawa kona olakino e hoʻi i ka home.

ʻO ke ola ʻana o kahi pēpē kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau e pili ana i kona kaumaha i ka wā hānau. ʻO nā pēpē i emi iho ma mua o 500 grams (0.5 kg) ka mea haʻahaʻa loa o ka manawa e ola ai. Eia nō naʻe, ua hiki i nā holomua o ka ʻepekema lapaʻau ke hoʻopakele i nā pēpē liʻiliʻi loa.

Ke ʻike ʻoe i kāu keiki liʻiliʻi i loko o ka NICU, e kaumaha loa ʻoe a makaʻu hoʻi. He mea maʻamau kēlā. Akā e hilinaʻi i nā kauka o kāu pēpē. E hana lākou i nā mea āpau e hiki ai iā lākou ke kōkua i kāu pēpē e hoʻonui i ke kaumaha a hoʻomākaukau iā ia e hoʻi i ka home mai ka haukapila.

Hiki ke pale ʻia ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau?

ʻAe, hiki iā ʻoe ke kōkua i ka pale ʻana i kāu pēpē mai ka hānau ʻana me ke kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa. E makaʻala i kēia mau mea i kou wā hāpai:

• E hele i ke keʻena lapaʻau i ka manawa kūpono (Nā nānā maʻamau): E hahai pono i nā ʻōlelo a ke kauka.
• E kiʻi i ka nui kūpono o nā calorie a me ka meaʻai: E ʻai i ka ʻai kaulike a me ka momona.
• Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes, e kaohi i kou pae kō koko.
• E pale loa i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona a me ka paka.

Pehea wau e mālama ai i kaʻu pēpē?

Inā hānau ʻia kāu pēpē me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau, e nīnau i kāu kauka i kāu mea hiki ke hana e kōkua iā ia e piʻi i ke kaumaha a noho olakino. I ka wā e ulu aʻe ai kāu pēpē, e hōʻoia e ʻai ana ʻo ia i nā meaʻai olakino a pāʻani a hana ikaika . He mea nui hoʻi e lawe iā ia i ke keʻena lapaʻau i ka manawa kūpono no kāna mau lāʻau pale .

Ma ka hele pinepine ʻana i ke keʻena lapaʻau, hiki i ke kauka o kāu pēpē ke ʻike i nā kūlana olakino e hiki ke hoʻopilikia i kona wā e ulu ana. Hiki i nā lāʻau pale ke pale i kāu pēpē mai nā maʻi weliweli.

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i kaʻu kauka?

Hiki iā ʻoe ke nīnau i kāu kauka i nā nīnau penei:

• He aha kaʻu e hana ai e hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi pēpē kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau?
• Inā hānau ʻia kaʻu pēpē me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau, he aha kaʻu e hana ai e kōkua iā ia e hoʻonui i ke kaumaha?
• E loaʻa anei i kaʻu pēpē nā pilikia koʻikoʻi ma muli o ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau?
• Pono anei kaʻu keiki i nā hoʻokolohua a i ʻole nā ​​​​kaʻina hana lapaʻau?
• He aha ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e ʻōlelo ai no kaʻu keiki?
• Pono anei kaʻu keiki e lawe i kekahi lāʻau lapaʻau?

ʻO ka mea hope loa, e hoʻomanaʻo (Leka Lawe-Home)

He liʻiliʻi a olakino kekahi mau pēpē me ke kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau. Akā, hiki i ke kaumaha hānau o kāu pēpē hānau hou ke kōkua i nā kauka e hoʻoholo inā pono ʻo ia i ka mālama kūikawā ma hope koke o ka hānau ʻana. Hiki i kekahi mau pēpē ke loaʻa nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi ma muli o ke kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa. Inā hānau ʻia kāu pēpē me ke kaumaha hānau haʻahaʻa, pono paha ʻo ia e noho i ka NICU. He mea paʻakikī paha kēlā e hoʻomanawanui. Akā, e hilinaʻi i nā kauka o kāu pēpē . Ke hana nei lākou i nā mea āpau e hiki ai iā lākou ke kōkua i kāu pēpē. He mea nui nō hoʻi iā ʻoe ke hoʻomaʻamaʻa i nā ʻano olakino mai ka wā e hāpai ai ʻoe a e hahai i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a kāu kauka ma hope o kou hānau ʻana i kāu pēpē.

kaumaha haʻahaʻa i ka wā hānau, hānau mua ʻole, ka palena o ka ulu ʻana o ka ʻōpū, NICU, olakino pēpē, hāpai keiki, mālama keiki