Ua nāwaliwali iki anei kou ʻike? E aʻo kākou e pili ana i ka ʻIke Haʻahaʻa.

Ke manaʻo nei ʻoe i kekahi manawa ua nāwaliwali iki kou ʻike maka? Malia paha me nā aniani a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​aniani hoʻopili, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike maopopo i nā mea? Ke paʻakikī nei ʻoe i ka hana ʻana i kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā, ka heluhelu ʻana i kahi puke, a i ʻole ka nānā ʻana i ke TV? No laila, i kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kahi kumuhana e pono paha iā ʻoe. ʻO ia ke kūlana i kapa ʻia ʻo "Low Vision".

He aha maoli ka ʻike haʻahaʻa?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he ʻano kēia i kapa ʻia ʻo "Low Vision" e kū mai ana ke loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hemahema mau loa o ka ʻike maka . ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻoponopono piha ʻia ma ke kau ʻana i nā aniani maka, ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā "aniani hoʻopili", a i ʻole ke ʻoki ʻana i nā maka. Hoʻākāka ka hapa nui o nā kauka maka i kēia ʻano "Low Vision" ma ke ʻano he pae waena a koʻikoʻi o ka hemahema o ka ʻike maka. Ma muli o ka nui o ka hemahema, hiki iā ia ke hoʻopilikia i kāu mau hana o kēlā me kēia lā, e like me ka hoʻokele kaʻa a i ʻole ka heluhelu ʻana.

Ua lohe paha ʻoe i nā huaʻōlelo e like me "ʻike hapa ʻia" a i ʻole "makapō kānāwai." He mau wehewehe kikoʻī kēia e hāʻule ana ma lalo o ke poʻomanaʻo ākea o "ʻike haʻahaʻa." Akā hoʻoholo pū lākou inā kūpono ʻoe no ka hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā a i ʻole nā ​​​​lawelawe kīnā.

ʻO ka mea nui, ʻaʻole ia he manaʻo o ka nalowale loa o ka ʻike (Low Vision) . Aia kekahi pae o ka ʻike i koe. Aia nā lawelawe hoʻoponopono ʻike (Vision Rehabilitation Services) e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻohana pono i kēlā ʻike i koe. Hiki i kahi loea ke kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻimi i nā mea kōkua ʻike haʻahaʻa (low vision aids) i kūpono iā ʻoe a kōkua iā ʻoe e maʻalahi i kou ola.

Pehea e ana ʻia ai ka ʻike haʻahaʻa ma kahi hoʻāʻo ʻike maka?

ʻO kekahi o nā ʻano hana nui a mākou e hoʻohana mau ai i ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ko mākou mau maka ʻo ia ka "Snellen eye chart." Ke ana kēia i ka maopopo o kou ʻike ʻana i kahi mea he 20 kapuaʻi ka mamao. ʻO ke kanaka me ka ʻike maʻamau ua ʻōlelo ʻia he 20/20. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike maopopo ma kahi he 20 kapuaʻi ka mamao.

E noʻonoʻo he 20/70 kou ʻike. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kahi mea mai 20 kapuaʻi ka mamao e hiki i ke kanaka maʻamau ke ʻike mai 70 kapuaʻi ka mamao. Ua kapa ka World Health Organization (WHO) i kēia pae he ʻike haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa waena. ʻO ka ʻike o 20/200 a ʻoi aku paha ua manaʻo ʻia he ʻike haʻahaʻa koʻikoʻi.

Akā, ʻaʻole nānā wale nā ​​loea maka i kēia helu. Aia kekahi mau hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe e ana i kou kahua ʻike, e like me ka hoʻāʻo kahua ʻike, e ʻike i ka mamao e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēlā me kēia ʻaoʻao. Inā he 20 degere a emi mai paha kou kahua ʻike, ua manaʻo ʻia hoʻi he ʻike haʻahaʻa.

He mea nui: He ʻike haʻahaʻa ko kekahi poʻe, akā hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia me nā aniani maka, nā aniani hoʻopili, a i ʻole ke ʻoki kino. Inā hoʻomaikaʻi kou ʻike ma hope o ka mālama ʻana, ʻaʻole ʻoe he ʻike haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka ʻike haʻahaʻa kahi kūlana e mau ana ʻoiai ʻoe e kau ana i nā aniani maka.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka ʻike haʻahaʻa?

Hiki i ka ʻike haʻahaʻa ke hoʻopilikia i kēlā me kēia kanaka i nā ʻano like ʻole. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea e like me:

• Poho ka ʻike waena: ʻO ka hiki ʻole ke ʻike pololei i nā mea i mua ou. Me he mea lā ua pōwehiwehi ke kikowaena o ke kiʻi.
• Poho ʻike peripheral: Poho ʻike a puni nā maka, e like me ke nānā ʻana ma o kahi ʻōmole.
• Ka nalowale o ka ʻike hohonu: ʻO ka hiki ʻole ke hoʻoholo pololei i ka mamao ma waena o nā mea. Hiki ke paʻakikī kēia i ka piʻi ʻana i luna a i lalo paha o ke alapiʻi.
• Ka nalowale o ke ʻano ʻokoʻa: Paʻakikī ke hoʻokaʻawale ma waena o nā mea ma ke kua o nā kala like. No ka laʻana, he paʻakikī paha ke hoʻokaʻawale i kahi ʻuala keʻokeʻo mai kahi pā laiki keʻokeʻo.
• Poho ka ʻike maka i ka pō: Ka nalowale ʻana o ka ʻike maka i nā kūlana mālamalama ʻole i ka pō.
• Ka nalowale o ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka ʻālohilohi: Ke polū nā maka a ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kekahi mea ke hōʻike ʻia i ka mālamalama ʻālohilohi .

ʻO nā mea e like me kēia e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā pilikia i kou ola o kēlā me kēia lā:

• Paʻakikī i ka heluhelu ʻana i nā puke, nā nūpepa, a me nā mea ma kāu kelepona.
• ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻokele .
• Ke paʻakikī nei e hana a me ka kuke ʻana ma ka lumi kuke.
• Ke paʻakikī nei ke aʻo ʻana ma ke kula a ma ka papa.
• ʻAʻole hiki ke ʻike maopopo i ka wā e nānā ana i ke TV a i ʻole nā ​​​​wikiō.
• Ka paʻakikī o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka kamepiula .
• Ke paʻakikī ke ʻike i nā helehelena o kānaka .
• He paʻakikī ke loaʻa i kou ala, ʻoiai ke hele ʻoe i nā wahi hou a kamaʻāina ʻole .

Nā hōʻailona o ka ʻike haʻahaʻa i nā keiki ʻōpio

Inā ʻike haʻahaʻa kāu keiki liʻiliʻi, hiki iā lākou ke hōʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Hoʻopilikia mau i nā mea .
• Nānā lākou i nā mea kokoke loa i ko lākou mau maka .
• Ke ʻimo mau nei a i ʻole ke ʻālohilohi ʻana .
• Nānā mau wau me ka maka hoʻokahi i pani ʻia a i ʻole me kuʻu lima .
• Me he mea lā e ʻoniʻoni ana koʻu mau maka, ʻaʻole hiki iaʻu ke mālama iā lākou ma kahi hoʻokahi .
• ʻAʻole kuhikuhi like nā maka i ke kuhikuhi like .
• ʻOkoʻa ka nui o nā ʻāpana ʻelua o ka maka , ka iris a me ka pupil .
• ʻIke ʻia ka iris a me ka haumāna he hina hina a keʻokeʻo paha .

Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā hōʻailona e like me kēia, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka.

Nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka hōʻino mau loa o ka ʻike maka

ʻO ka noho ʻana me ka nalowale mau o ka ʻike hiki ke hana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me:

• Ua emi ka hana kino a me ka hana pilikanaka.
• Ka nalowale ʻana o ke kūʻokoʻa a i ʻole ka hana .
• ʻO ke ʻano i kapa ʻia ʻo "Charles Bonnet syndrome" kahi āu e ʻike ai i nā mea i ʻole ma laila.
• Nā pilikia noʻonoʻo e like me ka hopohopo a i ʻole ke kaumaha .

He aha ke kumu o kēia ʻike haʻahaʻa?

Hiki ke hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻike haʻahaʻa e nā kumu like ʻole, me nā maʻi, nā ulia pōpilikia, a me nā kīnā hānau.

ʻO kekahi o nā kumu nui i ʻike pinepine ʻia:

• ʻO ka macular degeneration: He kūlana kēia kahi e nalowale mālie ai kou ʻike waena. E ʻike paha ʻoe i kahi blur a i ʻole kahi ʻeleʻele ma waenakonu o kou ʻike. ʻO ka hapa pinepine ia e ʻike ʻia i nā poʻe ma luna o 50 mau makahiki.
• ʻO Cataracts: He maʻi maka kēia i maʻamau i ka makahiki. He pouli kēia o ka lens o ka maka. Hiki ke wehe pinepine ʻia kēia me ke ʻoki kino (ʻoki kino Cataract). Eia naʻe, ʻaʻole hiki i nā mea āpau ke hana ʻoki kino.
• Glaucoma: He maʻi holomua kēia e hōʻino ana i kou aʻalolo optic. Hoʻopilikia mua ia i ka ʻike peripheral a me ka ʻike pō. Inā ʻaʻole mālama pono ʻia, hiki ke hōʻino hou ʻia.
• ʻO ka retinopathy pili i ka maʻi diabetes: He pilikia kēia o ka maʻi diabetes kahi e kahe ai ke wai mai nā kīʻaha koko i loko o ka maka, e kau ana i ke kaomi ma ka retina, hiki ke hōʻino iā ia.
• Retinopathy o ka hānau mua ʻana: Hiki i nā pēpē i hānau mua ʻia a mālama ʻia i loko o nā incubators ke hoʻomohala i nā kīʻaha koko ʻē i loko o ko lākou retinas. I kahi helu liʻiliʻi o nā hihia, hiki i kēia ke hōʻeha mau loa.
• ʻAmblyopia / maka palaualelo: He kīnā hānau kēia. He ʻike pōwehiwehi kekahi maka. I ka wā e maʻa ai ka lolo o ke keiki i ka maka maikaʻi a hoʻowahāwahā i ka maka nāwaliwali, hoʻomaka mālie kēlā maka e neʻe i ka ʻaoʻao.

ʻO nā kumu ʻē aʻe:

• Nā hewa refractive: Hoʻopilikia kēia i ke ʻano o ka maka, e hana ana i ka ʻike kokoke a i ʻole ka ʻike mamao. ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻoponopono ʻia kēia mau mea, hiki iā lākou ke ʻoi aku ka ʻino inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia.
• Trachoma: He maʻi bacteria kēia. Hiki i nā maka ke lilo i ʻulaʻula a hōʻino ʻia. ʻO ia kekahi o nā kumu nui o ka nalowale o ka ʻike ma ka honua, ʻoi aku hoʻi ma nā ʻāina e ulu ana.
• Strabismus (nā maka kūpono ʻole): He pilikia me nā ʻiʻo e hoʻoneʻe ai i nā maka. Hoʻomaka pinepine ia i ka wā kamaliʻi a i ʻole ka wā kamaliʻi.
• ʻO ka Nystagmus:He ʻano kēia kahi e neʻe wikiwiki ai nā maka a me ke kāohi ʻole ʻia, e hiki ʻole ai ke kau i ka manaʻo ma kahi hoʻokahi. Hiki ke loaʻa i ka wā hānau a i ʻole e ulu aʻe ma hope o ke ola.
• Retinitis pigmentosa: He hui kēia o nā maʻi maka hoʻoilina. Hoʻōki ka retina i ka hana pono. Hiki ke hana ʻia e nā ʻano hoʻololi genetic like ʻole.
• ʻO ka retinopathy hypertensive: Hiki i ke koko kiʻekiʻe no ka manawa lōʻihi ke hoʻopilikia i ke kahe koko i nā ʻōpū, me ka retina. ʻO ka nalowale o ka ʻike paha ka hōʻailona mua o ka pilikia kahe koko.
• Ka hemo ʻana o ka retina: He ʻano ʻeha ʻole akā koʻikoʻi. Hoʻokaʻawale ka retina mai kona mau ʻiʻo kākoʻo. Hiki iā ia ke kumu i ka nalowale koke ʻana o ka ʻike maka mau loa.
• ʻO ka atrophy optic: Hoʻonāwaliwali mālie ke aʻalolo optic. Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia e nā kumu like ʻole, me nā ulia pōpilikia, nā maʻi, a me nā pilikia kahe koko.
• Nā ʻeha maka: Hiki i kahi ʻeha maka koʻikoʻi ke hōʻeha mau loa, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole i ʻike ʻia a mālama pono ʻia. E makaʻala inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā pilikia ʻike ma hope o kahi ulia.
• Nā ʻeha o ka lolo: Hiki i kahi ʻeha poʻo koʻikoʻi a i ʻole ka hahau ʻana ke hōʻino i ka lolo a hoʻopilikia i ka ʻike. Hiki ke loaʻa nā hōʻailona e like me ke poʻo ʻeha a me ka poniuniu, me nā pilikia ʻike.
• Ka nele o ka wikamina A: He mea nui ka wikamina A no ka ʻike maka. Inā ʻaʻole lawa ka nui o ia mea mai kāu meaʻai, a inā ʻaʻole hiki i kou kino ke omo iā ia, e lilo paha kou ʻike i mea ʻino. ʻO ka makapō pō ka hōʻailona mua.
• Ka maʻi ʻaʻai maka: He mea kākaʻikahi loa nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai maka āpau, akā hiki iā lākou ke hōʻino i ka ʻike. Hiki i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e wehe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ke hōʻino a wehe paha i nā ʻāpana o ka maka, e hōʻino ai i ka ʻike.

Pehea e ʻike ai i ka ʻike haʻahaʻa?

Hiki i ke kauka maka ke ʻike i kou hemahema o ka ʻike ma ka hana ʻana i nā hoʻokolohua ʻike like ʻole. E haʻi aku ʻo ia iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o ka pilikia, pehea kona koʻikoʻi, a inā hiki ke mālama ʻia. Inā he waena a koʻikoʻi paha, hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia, a he mea nui ia e hoʻopilikia ai i kou ola, a laila ua ʻike ʻia ʻo ia he "Low Vision".

Hiki ke kaumaha ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi hōʻailona e like me kēia, ʻoiai inā ʻaʻole ʻoe i ʻike i ka pōʻino hiki ʻole ke hoʻihoʻi ʻia i kou ʻike. Hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā ʻano hopena like ʻole, me ka haʻalulu, ka huikau, ke kōkua ʻole, ka hōʻole ʻana, ka huhū, a me ke kaumaha. He mea maoli kēia a pau.

Pehea e mālama ai nā kauka ophthalmologists i ka ʻike haʻahaʻa?

Ke ʻike ʻoe i kahi kauka maka i loea i ka ʻike haʻahaʻa, e hāʻawi ʻo ia iā ʻoe i kahi hoʻokolohua kūikawā i kapa ʻia ʻo 'low vision exam.' ʻO ka mea mua, e lawe ʻo ia i ka mōʻaukala piha o kou olakino maka, a laila e nīnau iā ʻoe pehea e pili ai kou kūlana i kēia manawa i kou ola.

Nīnau ʻo ia iā ʻoe pehea ka hopena o ka ʻike haʻahaʻa i kēia mau mea iā ʻoe:

• Nā hana kula a hana paha.
• Ka heluhelu ʻana a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ke kamepiula.
• Ke hoʻokele nei.
• Nā hana o ka lumi kuke.
• Ka ʻike maka.
• Ka hiki ke hele.
• Nā hana leʻaleʻa a me nā hana leʻaleʻa.
• Ke kūlana noʻonoʻo a me ke ola kaiaulu.

E nānā pū ke kauka i kou mau maka a me kou ʻike maka e nānā i nā loli i kou kūlana. E hoʻohana lākou i nā "papa hoʻāʻo ʻike maka haʻahaʻa" kūikawā e ana i kou ʻike maka.

E makemake paha ʻoe e nānā i kēia:

• Kahua o ka ʻike.
• Hana ʻiʻo maka.
• ʻIke i ka ʻālohilohi.
• ʻO ka hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale i ke kala (ʻike ʻokoʻa).
• ʻIke pō.
• ʻIke kala.
• Ka ʻike hohonu.
• Ka hiki ke heluhelu.

Ma muli o kāu mau hopena hoʻāʻo, e hana ke kauka ʻike haʻahaʻa i kahi hoʻolālā lapaʻau pilikino e pili ana i kāu mau pilikia a me nā pono kikoʻī. E hāʻawi lākou iā ʻoe i nā kumuwaiwai a me nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻololi a hoʻonui i kou ʻano ola.

Hoʻōla hou ʻana i ka ʻike

ʻO ka mālama ʻana no ka ʻike haʻahaʻa ua kapa ʻia ʻo 'vision rehabilitation'. ʻO ka pahuhopu o kēia mālama ʻana, ʻo ia ke hoʻihoʻi i kou ʻike i kona pae maikaʻi loa a kōkua iā ʻoe e ola kūʻokoʻa me ka ʻike āu i loaʻa. Hiki i kēia ke komo pū me nā kumuwaiwai like ʻole.

Hiki i kāu hoʻolālā ke komo pū me:

Nā mea kōkua a me nā hāmeʻa ʻike haʻahaʻa

E ʻike paha ʻoe i kēia mau mea pono:

• He palapala kauoha no nā aniani maka a i ʻole nā ​​​​aniani hoʻopili.
• Nā mea hoʻonui maka a i ʻole nā ​​telescope.
• Nā mea hoʻonui uila a me nā mea heluhelu pale.
• Nā huahana me nā kinona nui a me ke ʻano ʻokoʻa o nā kala.
• ʻO ka ʻenehana heluhelu leo-a-kikokikona a me ka leo.
• Nā hāmeʻa home hiki ke lohe ʻia.

Hoʻomaʻamaʻa a me ke kākoʻo kūpono

Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke ʻike i kēia mea pono:

• ʻO ka hana hoʻoponopono ke aʻo ʻana e hana i nā hana o kēlā me kēia lā ma nā ʻano hou.
• He loea neʻe ʻana e kōkua iā ʻoe e aʻo e hele a puni.
• He kumu aʻo hoʻoponopono hou e aʻo ana i nā mākau ola kūʻokoʻa.
• Nā lawelawe hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā a i ʻole nā ​​lawelawe ʻoihana.
• Ke aʻo ʻana a i ʻole ka psychotherapy e mālama i ke olakino noʻonoʻo.
• Nā hui kākoʻo kahi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻopili me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe e noho nei me ka ʻike haʻahaʻa.

Pehea wau e noho ai me ka ʻike haʻahaʻa?

ʻAʻole nā ​​kānaka a pau me ka ʻike haʻahaʻa e ʻimi i nā lawelawe hoʻoponopono hou, akā hiki i nā mea he nui ke pōmaikaʻi nui mai iā lākou. Nui nā kumuwaiwai i loaʻa iā lākou, mai nā mea hana pono, nā ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo, a me nā hoʻolālā a hiki i nā ʻōnaehana kākoʻo pilikanaka a me ka noʻonoʻo.

ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana i kahi kīnā, akā ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hana ʻana me ke kōkua o haʻi ma mua o ka hoʻāʻo ʻana e hana wale. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻoiai kou mau pilikia, ua kū mua kekahi iā lākou ma mua ou. Ua loaʻa i kekahi poʻe nā hopena a me nā ala e hoʻoponopono ai, a hiki iā ʻoe ke kaʻana like i kēlā mau mea me lākou.

Hiki iaʻu ke pale aku i ka hōʻino mau loa ʻana o ka maka?

ʻO ke ala maikaʻi loa e pale aku ai i ka hōʻino mau ʻana o ka ʻike maka, ʻo ia ka hoʻokolokolo mau ʻana i nā maka a ʻike koke i ke kauka inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mea ʻē. ʻOiai ʻaʻole hiki ke pale ʻia nā kumu āpau o ka ʻike haʻahaʻa, hiki ke mālama ʻia nā mea he nui inā ʻike mua ʻia .

He aha ka manaʻo o ke ʻano "ʻike hapa ʻia"?

Hoʻohana ka hapa nui o ka poʻe i ka huaʻōlelo "ʻike hapa ʻia" me ka wehe ʻole ʻia, ʻo ia hoʻi kekahi kanaka me kekahi ʻano o ka ʻike maka. Akā i kekahi manawa hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he mea kikoʻī aʻe. I ia mau hihia, hiki ke manaʻo ʻia he mea e like me ka "ʻike maka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa" (ʻike maka o 20/70 a ʻoi aku paha ka ʻino).

Ma kekahi mau ʻāina, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻopaʻa inoa me ke aupuni ma ke ʻano he "ʻike hapa ʻole" e loaʻa ai kekahi mau pono. Inā ʻike haʻahaʻa kou, kūpono ʻoe ma ke ʻano he "ʻike hapa ʻole." I loko o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻonaʻauao, ʻo ka "ʻike hapa ʻole" hiki ke ʻano he kūpono ʻoe no nā lawelawe hoʻonaʻauao kūikawā.

ʻOiai hiki ke hoʻomaka i ka wā hānau, e hōʻino mālie ana ka ʻike o ka poʻe he nui - i kekahi manawa lohi loa a ʻaʻole lākou e ʻike. Inā he makua ʻoe, he haumāna, he kanaka hana, a he mea hoʻomaha paha, hiki ke paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo i ka maopopo o ka nalowale o ka ʻike.

ʻAʻohe mea i mākaukau no ke ola me ka ʻike haʻahaʻa, akā ua nui ka poʻe ma mua ou i hoʻomaʻamaʻa pono iā ia a ua hoʻomālamalama i ke ala e holomua ai. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi - aia kāu hui mālama ʻoihana a me kou kaiāulu e kōkua iā ʻoe me kā lākou mau ʻike.

Leka Lawe-Home

ʻAe, i kēia manawa ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi manaʻo maikaʻi o ka mea a mākou i kamaʻilio ai, ʻo ia hoʻi, "(Low Vision)" a i ʻole ka ʻike haʻahaʻa. Eia kekahi mau mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo ai:

• ʻO ka ʻIke Haʻahaʻa he hemahema ʻike mau loa ia e hiki ʻole ke ho'ōla loa ʻia, ʻoiai me nā maka aniani a i ʻole ke ʻoki ʻana.
• ʻAʻole kēia he makapō loa. Ke koe nei kekahi ʻike.
• Hiki ke ʻokoʻa nā hōʻailona mai kēlā kanaka a kēia kanaka. Hiki iā lākou ke komo pū me ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike maka mua, ka emi ʻana o ka ʻike maka peripheral, a me ka paʻakikī i ka heluhelu ʻana.
• Nui nā kumu. ʻO kēia mau mea nā maʻi e like me ka maʻi diabetes, cataracts, glaucoma, nā ulia pōpilikia, a me nā kīnā hānau.
• He mea nui ka ʻike mua ʻana a me ka mālama pono ʻana. ʻO ka ʻike ʻana i kahi kauka maka a me ka loaʻa ʻana o nā lawelawe "hoʻoponopono maka" hiki ke maʻalahi i ke ola.
• ʻAʻole ʻoe hoʻokahi. Aia nā kauka, nā kākāʻōlelo, a me nā hui kākoʻo e hiki ke kōkua.

Inā manaʻo ʻoe he pilikia ʻike kou e like me kēia, mai makaʻu a hilahila paha e ʻike i ke kauka maka. ʻO ka hana ʻana i ka wā mua hiki ke hana i kahi ʻokoʻa nui i kou ola.

ʻIke , ʻIke Haʻahaʻa, Nā Maʻi Maka, Nā Pōʻino o ka ʻIke, ʻIke Haʻahaʻa, Nānā Maka, Hoʻōla ʻIke