Ua loaʻa anei iā ʻoe kahi hōʻike pathology? (Hōʻike Pathology) - E kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana i kēia!

Ua loaʻa paha iā ʻoe kahi hōʻike pathology mai ke kauka, ʻeā? Malia paha ma hope o kahi biopsy, a ma hope o ke ʻoki kino, a ma hope paha o kahi hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe. Ke hoʻihoʻi ʻoe iā ia i ka home, a i ʻole ke ʻike ʻoe iā ia i loko o kāu moʻolelo lapaʻau uila, he mea maʻamau ke huikau ʻia e nā huaʻōlelo a me nā helu i loko. Ke noʻonoʻo nei paha ʻoe i ke ʻano maoli o kēia mau huaʻōlelo paʻakikī. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ke ʻano o ka hōʻike pathology a pehea e hoʻomaopopo ai iā ia ma nā ʻōlelo maʻalahi.

He aha kēia hōʻike pathology?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he hōʻike i kākau ʻia kahi hōʻike pathology e kahi pathologist nāna e nānā i kahi ʻiʻo a i ʻole ka laʻana wai i lawe ʻia mai kou kino a kākau e pili ana i kāna mea i ʻike ai. Hoʻokomo pū ʻia me kahi hōʻailona a i ʻole nā ​​​​manaʻo e pili ana i ke ʻano o nā cell a me nā ʻiʻo i loko o kāu laʻana i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā cell olakino maʻamau a me nā ʻiʻo.

E noʻonoʻo, inā he puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi kou ma kekahi wahi o kou kino, lawe ke kauka i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ia mea a hoʻouna aku i ka hale hana. Nānā ke kauka loea ma kēlā hale hana i kēia hāpana ma lalo o kahi microscope a kākau i kona mau kikoʻī i loko o kahi hōʻike. ʻO ia ka mea i kapa ʻia he hōʻike pathology. Mai kēia hōʻike, hiki iā mākou ke ʻike:

• Pehea i lawe ai ke kauka i ka hāpana, pehea i hoʻomākaukau ʻia ai no ka hoʻāʻo ʻana (no ka laʻana, ua waiho ʻia i loko o kahi mea mālama e like me ka formalin, a i ʻole ua hoʻoluʻu ʻia e ʻike nui ʻia ai kekahi mau mea).
• Pehea ke ʻano o nā pūnaewele a me nā ʻiʻo ma lalo o ka microscope.
• Ehia mau ʻano hunaola like ʻole, nā protein, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i laila, pehea ko lākou ʻano, a inā he ʻokoʻa kēia mai ka mea a ka pathologist e manaʻo mau ai.
• Inā paha he mau germs (e like me ka bacteria, parasites, viruses, a fungi) a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka hāpana.

He aha ka Pathology?

ʻO ka pathology ke aʻo ʻana i nā maʻi, ko lākou mau kumu, a pehea lākou e hoʻopilikia ai i ko mākou kino. Ke lawe ʻia kahi laʻana ʻiʻo a wai paha mai kou kino, hoʻouna ʻia ia i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua pathology no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. Ma laila, nānā nā pathologists i kēia mau laʻana e hoʻāʻo e ʻimi i nā kūlana maʻi. Hoʻohana ʻia ka pathology no nā mea e like me:

• E hoʻomaopopo , nānā , a nānā paha i nā maʻi a me nā kūlana.
• Kōkua e hoʻoholo i nā koho lapaʻau i loaʻa.
• E hāʻawi i kahi manaʻo no ka wānana o kahi maʻi, ʻo ia hoʻi, pehea ke ʻano o ka maʻi.
• E loiloi i kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kekahi mau maʻi (no ka laʻana, ka hoʻāʻo genetic no nā hoʻololi gene e hiki ai ke hoʻoulu i ka maʻi kanesa) .

Āhea mākou e loaʻa ai kahi hōʻike pathology?

Manaʻo pinepine mākou e loaʻa wale kahi hōʻike pathology ma hope o ka hana ʻana o kahi biopsy e ʻimi ai i ka maʻi kanesa. He ʻoiaʻiʻo kēlā, akā ʻaʻole ia wale nō ke ala. No ka laʻana, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa kahi hōʻike pathology no nā kūlana e like me ka endometriosis , nā polyps colon , a i ʻole kekahi kūlana kahi e lawe ai ke kauka i kahi laʻana mai ou aku a kālailai kahi pathologist iā ia. Eia kekahi mau laʻana:

• Biopsy: Lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana o ke kino no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana.
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hoʻopuka pū kekahi mau hoʻāʻo koko kūikawā i nā hōʻike e like me kēia.
• Colonoscopy: Nā laʻana i lawe ʻia i ka wā e nānā ai i ka ʻōpū nui.
• Endoscopy (EGD - Esophagogastroduodenoscopy): Nā laʻana i lawe ʻia i ka wā o ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻāpana o ka esophagus, ka ʻōpū, a pēlā aku.
• Cholecystectomy: Ka nānā ʻana i ka gallbladder i wehe ʻia.
• Ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka hoʻoilina: Ke ʻike ʻana i kekahi mau kūlana hoʻoilina.
• Laparoscopy: Nā laʻana i lawe ʻia mai nā ʻoki liʻiliʻi (no ka laʻana, no ka ʻike ʻana i ka endometriosis).
• Lumpectomy: ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe wale i kahi puʻupuʻu umauma.
• Mastectomy: ʻO ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe i ka umauma holoʻokoʻa.
• Ka hoʻomoʻa ʻana i ka sputum: Ke kaʻina hana o ka ʻimi ʻana i nā germs i loko o kahi hāpana sputum.
• Nā hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka noho: No ka nānā ʻana i nā germs a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka noho.
• ʻUwi nasopharyngeal: No ka laʻana, e like me ka hoʻāʻo Covid.
• Moʻomeheu ʻāʻī: No ka nānā ʻana i nā maʻi ʻāʻī.
• Nā hoʻāʻo mimi: E nānā i nā germs a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka mimi.

He aha nā mea i loko o kahi hōʻike pathology?

I kēia manawa, e nānā kākou i nā ʻāpana i loaʻa pinepine i loko o kahi hōʻike pathology. ʻAʻole i loaʻa i nā hōʻike āpau kēia mau mea āpau, akā ʻo ia nā mea maʻamau.

1. ʻAno Hoʻāʻo (Kaʻina Hana):

Pili kēia i ke kaʻina hana a i ʻole ka hoʻāʻo a kāu kauka i hana ai e kiʻi i ka hāpana i hoʻouna ʻia i ka lab. No ka laʻana, kahi mea e like me 'Skin biopsy' a i ʻole 'Colonoscopy me ka wehe ʻana i ka polyp'.

2. Ka wehewehe nui ʻana o ke ʻano o waho o ka hāpana:

ʻO kēia ka mea a ke kauka maʻi e ʻike ai ma ka nānā ʻana i ka hāpana me ka maka ʻōlohelohe (me ka ʻole o ka microscope). Hōʻike ia i ke kala, ke kaumaha, ka nui , a me nā ʻano ʻike ʻē aʻe o ka hāpana. E noʻonoʻo i kahi wehewehe e like me, 'He ʻāpana ʻiʻo ʻeleʻele he 2 kenimika ka lōʻihi.'

3. Wehewehe ʻana o ka microscopic:

Eia ka ʻāpana koʻikoʻi. Hōʻike kēia i ke ʻano o nā cell a me nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ka hāpana ke hoʻonui ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope. Hiki i ke kauka pathology ke hoʻopaʻa i nā ʻiʻo a me nā wai i loko o kahi hopena, e like me ka formalin , a laila e nānā iā lākou me nā ʻōniʻoni kūikawā. ʻAe kēia i nā ʻāpana o nā cell, bacteria, virus, fungi, a me nā pathogens ʻē aʻe e ʻike maopopo ʻia. Maanei kahi e hiki ai ke hoʻoholo i nā mea e like me inā he 'maʻamau' nā cell, 'ʻano ʻē', a i ʻole 'aia nā cell cancer'.

4. Nā palena:

He mea nui loa kēia i ka wā e wehe ai i kahi puʻupuʻu kanesa. ʻO ka 'margin' e pili ana i nā ʻiʻo maʻamau e hoʻopuni ana i ka puʻupuʻu. Inā ʻōlelo ʻia 'clear' a i ʻole ' negative margins', ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻohe mau cell cancer ma nā kihi o ka hāpana. ʻO ke ʻano o kēia, ua wehe loa ʻia paha ka puʻupuʻu. Eia naʻe, inā ʻōlelo ʻia 'positive margins' , ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole paha i wehe loa ʻia ke kanesa, a aia nō paha nā cell cancer i koe.

5. Kahua a me ka Papa:

He mea nui loa kēia i ka ʻike ʻana i ka maʻi kanesa. Hōʻike ka 'stage' i ka mamao o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa mai kahi i hoʻomaka mua ai i loko o ke kino, ʻo ia hoʻi ke koʻikoʻi o ke kanesa. Hōʻike ka 'grade' i ke ʻano ʻokoʻa o nā hunaola kanesa i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā hunaola olakino maʻamau. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka helu, ʻoi aku ka maʻamau ʻole o nā hunaola a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa.

6. Nā kiko lymph:

Inā ua lawe ʻia nā lymph nodes a ua nānā ʻia i ka wā o kahi biopsy, inā kapa ʻia lākou he 'maikaʻi' , ʻo ia hoʻi, ua loaʻa i ka pathologist nā cell cancer i loko o kēlā mau lymph nodes. Inā he 'maikaʻi ʻole' lākou, ua loaʻa iā ia nā cell maʻamau wale nō.

7. Nā hopena hoʻāʻo molekala:

ʻO kēia nā hopena o nā hoʻokolohua e nānā ana i nā loli genetic a i ʻole nā ​​​​mutation i loko o nā cell cancer. He mea kōkua nui kēia mau hopena i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau no kekahi mau ʻano kanesa. No ka laʻana, hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana inā e hana kahi lāʻau lapaʻau no kēlā kanesa a i ʻole.

8. Nā mea hoʻomake:

Hōʻike kēia ʻāpana iā ʻoe inā loaʻa i ka hāpana nā bacteria, nā virus, nā parasites, a i ʻole nā ​​​​fungi. ʻIke pinepine ʻia kēia i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ʻia ai nā hāpana ʻōpala a i ʻole nā ​​​​hāpana wai kino.

9. Hōʻike:

ʻO kēia ʻāpana ka hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo o ka hōʻike holoʻokoʻa . Hōʻike ia i ka hōʻoia hope loa a ka pathologist e pili ana i nā hiʻohiʻona āpau i loaʻa i ka laʻana. No ka laʻana, 'Invasive Ductal Carcinoma ' a i ʻole ' ʻAʻohe malignancy i ʻike ʻia.' (ʻAʻole ʻike ʻia ke kanesa) kekahi mea e like me ia.

10. Nā Manaʻo:

Inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi hoʻokolohua e like me ka colonoscopy, hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i ka hahai ʻana a i ʻole ka wā e loaʻa ai kāu hoʻokolohua aʻe.

ʻEhia ka lōʻihi e loaʻa ai kahi hōʻike pathology?

Hiki ke hala i hoʻokahi pule a ʻoi aku paha e loaʻa ai kahi hōʻike pathology. I kekahi manawa hiki koke mai. E nīnau i kāu kauka i ka manawa e manaʻo ai i nā hopena. Akā, mai hopohopo inā lōʻihi ka manawa ma mua o ka mea i manaʻo ʻia. ʻAʻole ia he manaʻo he maikaʻi ʻole kāu mau hopena.

He mea paʻakikī ke kali no nā hopena koʻikoʻi. He mea kōkua ia e loaʻa nā ala e hoʻomau ai i kou noʻonoʻo i kēlā manawa.

He aha inā he mea ʻē aʻe i loko o ka hōʻike pathology?

Inā loaʻa i ka hōʻike pathology kekahi mau hopena ʻē a i ʻole nā ​​​​hopena i manaʻo ʻole ʻia, e haʻi aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ka mea e hana ai ma hope. E hilinaʻi kēia i ka mea a ka pathologist i ʻike ai a me nā koho lapaʻau i loaʻa.

Hiki i ka heluhelu ʻana i kahi hōʻike pathology ke like me ka heluhelu ʻana i kahi palapala ʻāina o kahi kūlanakauhale i kamaʻāina ʻole ʻia. He mea ʻē paha nā huaʻōlelo. ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i kahi e hoʻomaka ai a i ʻole kahi e hele ai. Akā hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻohana i kēlā palapala ʻāina e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻomaopopo i kāu hōʻailona a hoʻolālā i kāu mau koho lapaʻau. E noi i kāu kauka e wehewehe i kāu mau hopena pathology a pehea lākou e pili ai iā ʻoe. E hui pū, hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolālā i kāu huakaʻi i mua.

ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo

ʻO ka hōʻike pathology kahi hōʻike e wehewehe ana i nā hopena o kahi hāpana i lawe ʻia mai kou kino. Hiki ke paʻakikī ke hoʻomaopopo i nā huaʻōlelo lapaʻau ma kēia hōʻike. Eia nō naʻe, hiki ke kōkua nui i kāu kauka ke ʻike i kou kūlana a koho i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa nāu.

Inā he mau nīnau kāu e pili ana i ka hōʻike a inā he mea āu e maopopo ʻole ai, mai makaʻu e nīnau i kāu kauka. ʻO ia ke kanaka maikaʻi loa e wehewehe i kēia iā ʻoe ma nā ʻōlelo maʻalahi. E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻo kēia hōʻike kekahi hanana koʻikoʻi i kāu huakaʻi olakino. E hoʻomaopopo iā ia, e hana pū me kāu kauka, a neʻe i mua.

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