Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kahi koko liʻiliʻi i loko o kou ʻōpala ke hele ʻoe i ka lua? A i ʻole ke ʻike pinepine nei ʻoe i nā loli koke i kou neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ka ʻeha o ka ʻōpū, a i ʻole ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū? Mai hoʻokuke i kēia mau mea me he mea maʻamau. No ka mea, he mau hōʻailona mua paha ia o kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi e like me ke kanesa rectal. He mea hilahila paha ke kamaʻilio e pili ana, akā he mea nui e makaʻala i kou olakino. No laila, e kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia me nā kikoʻī, ma ke ʻano maʻalahi loa.
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka maʻi ʻaʻai rectal?
ʻO ke kanesa kolona ka ulu ʻana o nā pūnaewele ʻano ʻē i loko o ka paia o ke kolona, me ka rectum. He ʻano kanesa lohi loa kēia.
ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, hoʻomaka ia ma ke ʻano he mau ulu liʻiliʻi (polyps) e hana ʻia ma ka paia o loko o ka rectum. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau ulu ʻana he adenomas . Hiki ke hala he 10 a 15 mau makahiki no kahi ulu liʻiliʻi e like me kēia e lilo ai i maʻi kanesa. ʻAe, he ʻoiaʻiʻo kēlā. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia e hana koke.
ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa, hiki i nā hoʻokolohua e like me ka colonoscopy ke ʻike a wehe i kēia mau polyps ma mua o ko lākou lilo ʻana i maʻi kanesa. No laila, ʻo ka hana ʻana i kēia mau hoʻokolohua i ka manawa kūpono hiki ke hōʻemi nui i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ke kanesa colorectal. ʻOiai inā ua ulu ka maʻi kanesa, inā ʻike mua ʻia, hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia me ke ʻoki ʻana e wehe i ka polyp.
Ma waena o nā maʻi kanesa e ulu ana i loko o kā mākou ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe, ʻo ke kanesa rectal ka mea maʻamau, ma hope o ke kanesa colon a me ke kanesa pancreatic.
E makaʻala i kēia mau hōʻailona.
I ka hapanui o nā hihia, hiki i kēia maʻi kanesa ke noho i loko o ke kino no nā makahiki me ka ʻole o ka hōʻike ʻana i nā hōʻailona i nā pae mua. Eia nō naʻe, hiki i kekahi poʻe ke ʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona hōʻailona. He mea nui iā ʻoe e makaʻala i kēia mau mea.
E hoʻomanaʻo, ʻaʻole nā kānaka a pau me kēia mau hōʻailona i loaʻa i ka maʻi kanesa. Akā inā hoʻomau kēia mau hōʻailona, e ʻike pono i kāu kauka no ka ʻōlelo aʻo.
| Hōʻailona | He wehewehe maʻalahi |
|---|---|
| Ke kahe koko ʻana o ka rectum | Koko ʻulaʻula ʻōlinolino a ʻeleʻele paha i loko o ka ʻōpala. |
| Ka maʻi pākī | Ka pahū mau ʻana o ka ʻōpū. |
| Ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū | Paʻakikī ke neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū, ʻaʻohe neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū no nā lā. |
| Hoʻololi i ke ʻano neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū | Nā loli koke i nā mea e like me ka alapine (pinepine) a me ka manawa o ka hele ʻana i ka lua. |
| Hoʻololi i ke ʻano o nā noho | Ua lahilahi ke noho e like me ka penikala a puka mai e like me ke kaula. |
| Luhi koke a me ka nāwaliwali | Ka luhi nui me ke kumu ʻole. |
| ʻEha ʻōpū | ʻEhaʻeha o ka ʻōpū a me nā ʻehaʻeha e like me ka pehu ʻana. |
| ʻO ka pohō kaumaha me ke kumu ʻole | Ka pohō kaumaha koke me ka ʻole o ka ʻai ʻana a i ʻole ka hoʻoikaika kino ʻana. |
He aha nā kumu pilikia no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai rectal?
ʻAʻole i ʻike ʻia ke kumu kikoʻī o kēia maʻi kanesa. Eia nō naʻe, ua ʻike nā kauka i kekahi mau mea e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi. E nānā kākou i ke ʻano o lākou.
| Kumu pilikia | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| Makahiki | E like me nā maʻi ʻaʻai ʻē aʻe, piʻi ka pilikia me ka makahiki. Ma ka awelika, ʻike ʻia ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ma kahi o 63 mau makahiki. |
| Kekahi mau kūlana olakino | ʻO ka poʻe me nā maʻi ʻōpū mumū, e like me ka maʻi a Crohn a me ka ulcerative colitis, ua nui ka pilikia. |
| Nā kīʻaha ʻiʻo i hana ʻia | ʻO ka poʻe e ʻai mau ana i ka ʻiʻo ʻulaʻula a me nā ʻiʻo i hana ʻia e like me nā sausage a me ka bacon ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia. |
| Moʻolelo ʻohana | Inā ua loaʻa i kekahi o kou ʻohana pili (makuahine, makuakāne, mau kaikaina) kēia maʻi ʻaʻai, ʻelua paha ka nui o kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana. |
| Kāne/Wahine | ʻOi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o kēia maʻi kanesa i nā kāne ma mua o nā wahine. |
| Nā maʻi hoʻoilina | Hoʻonui kekahi mau kūlana genetic i ka pilikia o kēia maʻi kanesa. ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona e komo pū me Lynch syndrome a me Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) . |
| Momona | ʻOi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o ka poʻe momona ma mua o ka poʻe me ke kaumaha maʻamau. |
| Puhipaka | Ua hōʻike ʻia nā noiʻi hou aku nei he ʻoi aku ka nui o ka make ʻana o ka poʻe puhi paka i kēia maʻi kanesa ma mua o ka poʻe puhi ʻole. |
Pehea e ʻike ʻia ai kēia maʻi kanesa?
Hoʻomaka ka maʻamau o ka ʻike ʻana me kahi hoʻokolokolo laulā e ke kauka, a laila ua kauoha ʻia nā hoʻokolohua like ʻole e like me ka mea e pono ai.
Nā hoʻokolohua kumu
ʻO ka mea mua, e nīnau kāu kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona a hana i kahi hoʻokolohua kino, hiki ke komo pū me kahi hoʻokolokolo rectal digital (DRE) .
A laila, ʻo ka hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi loa e hōʻoia i ka hōʻailona he colonoscopy . Ma kēia hoʻāʻo, hoʻokomo ʻia kahi ʻōmole lahilahi me kahi kāmela ma o ka anus a nānā pono ʻia ka ʻaoʻao o loko o ka rectum a me ke kolona. Inā ʻike ʻia kahi puʻupuʻu kānalua (polyp) i kēia manawa, lawe ʻia kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka ʻiʻo no ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana. Kāhea mākou i kēia he biopsy .
Nā hoʻokolohua e hana ʻia inā ua hōʻoia ʻia ka maʻi kanesa
Inā hōʻoia ka biopsy aia nā hunaola kanesa, e kuhikuhi ke kauka iā ʻoe i kahi oncologist, nāna e hana i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua hou aʻe e hoʻoholo ai i ke kahua kikoʻī o ke kanesa.
Nā hoʻāʻo koko
- Helu Koko Piha (CBC): Kōkua kēia i ka nānā ʻana i nā kūlana e like me ka anemia, i hiki ke kumu ʻia e ke kahe koko ma muli o ka maʻi kanesa.
- ʻO ka Panel Metabolic Comprehensive (CMP): Hiki i kēia ke hāʻawi iā ʻoe i kahi manaʻo o ka hana o nā ʻōpū e like me kou mau puʻupaʻa a me ke akepaʻa.
- Hoʻāʻo ʻEnzyme o ke Ake: He mea nui kēia e ʻike ai inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i ke ake.
- Nā Hoʻāʻo Māka Puʻupuʻu: Nānā kēia i nā pae o kekahi mau mea (nā māka puʻupuʻu) i hoʻokuʻu ʻia i loko o ke koko e nā hunaola kanesa. I loko o ke kanesa rectal, ʻo ka māka CEA (Carcinoembryonic Antigens) ka mea nui i nānā ʻia.
Nā hoʻokolohua ʻē aʻe
- Proctoscopy: He hoʻokolokolo e nānā wale ana i loko o ka rectum.
- CT scan (Computed Tomography scan): Kōkua kēia i ka ʻike ʻana inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā ʻōpū ʻē aʻe o ka ʻōpū.
- MRI scan (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): He mea nui loa ka MRI scan e ʻike maopopo i ka mamao o ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa i nā ʻiʻo a puni ka anus.
- Pelvic Ultrasound: Hoʻohana ʻia kēia e ʻike i ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa ma ka lua pelvic.
Pehea e hoʻoholo ʻia ai nā pae o ka maʻi kanesa?
Ma muli o ka ʻike i loaʻa mai kēlā me kēia o kēia mau hoʻokolohua, hoʻoholo nā kauka i ke kahua o ke kanesa. He mea nui loa kēia no ka hoʻolālā ʻana i ka mālama ʻana. Aia ma ke ʻano nui he 5 mau kahua.
- Pae 0: Aia nā hunaola kanesa ma ka papa luna o ka paia o loko o ka rectum wale nō.
- Pae 1: Ua ulu aʻe ke kanesa ma mua o ka papa o luna o ka paia a ua ulu iki aʻe i loko o ka paia.
- Pae 2: Ua ulu ka puʻupuʻu ma o ka paia rectal a ua pālahalaha paha i nā ʻiʻo a puni.
- Pae 3: Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa i nā lymph nodes kokoke i ka rectum.
- Pae 4: Ua pālahalaha ke kanesa (metastasized) i nā ʻōpū mamao e like me ke akepaʻa a me nā māmā.
He aha nā koho lapaʻau?
Aia kekahi mau koho lapaʻau no ke kanesa rectal. E hoʻoholo kāu hui lapaʻau i ka lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa nāu ma muli o nā kumu he nui, me ke kahua a me ka nui o kou kanesa, a me kou olakino holoʻokoʻa.
ʻoki kino
ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau ka wehe ʻana i ka puʻupuʻu kanesa. Nui nā ʻano hana ʻoki kino.
| Inoa o ke ʻoki kino | E aha hana ʻoe? |
|---|---|
| ʻO ke ʻoki kino Endoscopic Transanal (TEMS) | I loko o kēia, hoʻohana ʻia kahi mea hana kūikawā i hoʻokomo ʻia ma o ka anus e wehe i nā ʻōpū kanesa liʻiliʻi loa a haʻahaʻa ka pilikia. |
| ʻO ka ʻoki mua haʻahaʻa (LAR) | Inā nui loa ke kanesa, e wehe ʻia ka ʻāpana o ka rectum kahi i loaʻa ai ke kanesa, ma ka hapa a pau paha. |
| ʻO ka ʻoki ʻana o ka ʻōpū (APR) | Hana ʻia kēia ʻoki kino inā kokoke loa ke kanesa i ka anus a ʻaʻole hiki ke wehe ʻia ka puʻupuʻu me ka ʻole o ka hōʻino ʻana i nā ʻiʻo e kāohi ana i ka neʻe ʻana o ka ʻōpū. Ma kēia ʻoki kino, wehe ʻia ka anus, ka rectum, a me kahi ʻāpana o ka colon. Hana ʻia kahi puka i loko o ka ʻōpū no ka hele ʻana o ka ʻōpala. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he colostomy . |
Nā lāʻau lapaʻau ma waho aʻe o ke ʻoki kino
I kekahi manawa hoʻohana ʻia nā lāʻau ʻē aʻe ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana e hoʻēmi i ka puʻupuʻu a i ʻole e luku i nā hunaola kanesa i koe ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana.
- Chemotherapy: He lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻopau ai i nā hunaola kanesa.
- Lapaʻau Radiation: Ke luku ʻana i nā hunaola kanesa me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā kukuna ikehu kiʻekiʻe.
- Immunotherapy: Hoʻoulu i ka ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī o ke kino e hakakā i nā hunaola kanesa.
- Lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia: Nā lāʻau lapaʻau e hoʻolālā ana i nā molekala kikoʻī e hoʻopilikia ai i ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola kanesa.
Loaʻa paha ka mālama palliative e kōkua i ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā hopena ʻaoʻao a me nā hōʻailona i ka wā o ka mālama ʻana. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia.
He aha kā mākou e hana ai e pale aku iā mākou iho mai kēia maʻi kanesa?
ʻOiai ʻaʻohe ala e pale aku ai i kēia maʻi kanesa 100%, nui nā mea hiki iā mākou ke hana e hōʻemi i ka pilikia.
- E mālama i ke kaumaha olakino e kūpono iā ʻoe. Inā kānalua ʻoe, e nīnau i ke kauka.
- E hoʻoikaika kino i nā manawa a pau.
- E hōʻalo i nā ʻiʻo i hana ʻia. Akā, e ʻai i kahi meaʻai kaulike i waiwai i nā ʻiʻo wīwī, nā palaoa piha, a me nā mea kanu ʻōmaʻomaʻo a me nā huaʻai.
- E pale i ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona.
- Inā ʻoe e puhipaka, e hoʻōki.
ʻO ka mea nui loa, ʻo ia ka nānā ʻana no ke kanesa i ka manawa kūpono. No ka mea, ma o kēia, hiki ke ʻike ʻia a wehe ʻia nā polyps ma mua o ko lākou lilo ʻana i kanesa. Eia kekahi, inā ua ulu ka kanesa, hiki ke ʻike ʻia i ka wā mua loa. A laila ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka manawa e mālama ʻia ai a hoʻōla ʻia.
ʻO ka Colonoscopy ka hoʻāʻo nui. Eia kekahi, aia kekahi mau hoʻāʻo ʻē aʻe:
- Hoʻāʻo Koko ʻIke ʻole ʻia (FOBT): He hoʻāʻo e nānā ai i ke koko i loko o ka ʻōpala i ʻike ʻole ʻia e ka maka.
- Hoʻāʻo DNA Fecal: Nānā i nā loli genetic a me nā ʻāpana koko i loko o ka ʻōpala e pili ana i ka maʻi kanesa.
- Sigmoidoscopy: Ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻāpana haʻahaʻa o ka kolona a me ka rectum.
- Colonoscopy Virtual: Nānā kahi scan CT no nā ʻōpū i loko o ka kolona a me ka rectum.
Ma keʻano laulā, pono i nā kānaka a pau ma luna o 45 mau makahiki ke loaʻa i kēia mau hoʻokolohua. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ka hoʻokolohua kūpono iā ʻoe a me ka wā e loaʻa ai, ma muli o kou mōʻaukala ʻohana a me nā kumu pilikia ʻē aʻe.
I ka manawa hea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike koke i ke kauka?
Inā ʻoe e mālama ʻia nei no kēia maʻi kanesa, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona:E hoʻomaopopo i kāu kauka a i ʻole e hele i ka ʻOihana Pilikia (ETU) o ka haukapila.
- Ke kuni o 38 kekelē Celsius (100.4 Fahrenheit) a ʻoi aku paha.
- ʻEha poʻo nui.
- Ke anu nei a me ka haʻalulu.
- Koko i loko o ka mimi.
- ʻEha ka umauma.
- Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana.
- Ka huikau.
Nā nīnau e nīnau aku ai i kāu kauka
Inā ua ʻike ʻia ʻoe me kēia maʻi, he mea maʻamau ia iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā nīnau he nui i loko o kou manaʻo. No laila, me ka makaʻu ʻole a me ke kānalua ʻole, e nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i kēia mau mea a e ʻike.
- He aha ke kahua o ka maʻi kanesa i loaʻa iaʻu?
- Pehea ka mamao i laha ai ke kanesa?
- He aha nā koho lapaʻau e loaʻa iaʻu?
- Inā hana ʻia ke ʻoki ʻana, pono anei iaʻu kahi colostomy?
Hiki i ke kanesa rectal ke lilo i kumuhana paʻakikī e kamaʻilio e pili ana. A hiki i nā hoʻokolohua ke hoʻoweliweli iki. Akā e hoʻomanaʻo, ʻoi aku ka waiwai o kou ola ma mua o kou hilahila a ʻoluʻolu ʻole paha. Mai hoʻowahāwahā i nā hōʻailona. ʻO ka wā ma mua o kou loaʻa ʻana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kou manawa e mālama ʻia a hoʻōla ʻia. Inā he mau nīnau a hopohopo paha kāu, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka i kēia lā.
Leka Lawe-Home
- Inā ʻike ʻoe i kahi loli i kou mau ʻano ʻōpū (diarrhea, constipation) a i ʻole ke koko i loko o kou ʻōpala, mai hoʻowahāwahā iā ia. E ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
- Aneane hiki ke ho'ōla loa ʻia kēia maʻi kanesa inā ʻike mua ʻia, no laila e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i nā hoʻokolohua nānā e like me ka colonoscopy ma hope o 45 mau makahiki.
- Hiki i kahi nohona olakino (ʻai kaulike, hoʻoikaika kino, pale ʻana i ka puhipaka a me ka waiʻona) ke hōʻemi i ka pilikia.
- Nui nā ʻano lapaʻau kūleʻa no kēia, e like me ke ʻoki kino, chemotherapy, a me ka radiation therapy.
- Mai makaʻu e kamaʻilio ākea me kāu kauka e pili ana i kou olakino, ʻoiai nā mea e like me kēia āu e ʻike ai he mea ʻoluʻolu ʻole.
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