ʻIke pōwehiwehi? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i nā hewa refractive!

Ke paʻakikī nei iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā mea kokoke a mamao paha i kekahi manawa? Ke heluhelu ʻoe i kahi puke, lilo nā leka i mea pohihihi? A i ʻole ke hele ʻoe ma ke alanui, ʻaʻole hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i ka helu ma ke kaʻa? He mau pilikia maoli kēia i loaʻa i nā poʻe he nui. I kēia lā, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia mau kīnā ʻike maka, a i ʻole e like me kā nā kauka e kapa nei iā lākou, `(Refractive Errors)`.

He aha nā hewa refractive?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka hewa refractive kahi loli i ke ʻano maoli o kou mau maka e lilo ai kou ʻike i mea pōuliuli. ʻO kēia nā pilikia ʻike maʻamau i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe he nui.

E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, hana like ko kākou mau maka me he hui lā. Ke komo ke kukui i loko o ka maka, hele ia ma kēlā me kēia ʻāpana a hiki i ka lolo.

1. Hele mua ka mālamalama ma ka ʻāpana moakāka o ka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi ka cornea .

2. ʻO kēia ka ʻāpana o ka maka e hoʻopili i ka mālamalama a hoʻouna iā ia ma o ke aniani i loko o ka maka.

3. A laila hāʻule kēia kukui ma ke ʻano he hōʻailona ma ka papa ma ke kua o ka maka, ʻo ia hoʻi ka retina .

4. Hoʻololi ka retina i kēia mālamalama i mau hōʻailona uila a hoʻouna iā lākou i ka lolo ma o ke aʻalolo optic .

5. ʻO ka hope loa, ʻo ka lolo ka mea e hoʻohana i kēia mau hōʻailona e hana i nā kiʻi a mākou e ʻike ai.

I kēia manawa, ma muli o ke ʻano o ka hewa refractive āu e loaʻa ai, ʻaʻole i hoʻopili pono ʻia nā mea āu e ʻike ai ma muli o ka loli ʻana o ke ʻano o kou maka, cornea, a i ʻole ka lens. ʻO kēia ke kumu e hoʻopilikia ʻia ai kou ʻike a pōwehiwehi.

Aia kekahi mau ʻano o kēia pilikia ʻike maka. Hoʻopilikia kekahi iā ʻoe ke ʻike kokoke i nā mea. Hoʻopilikia kekahi i nā mea mamao. Akā, ʻoiai ke ʻano o ka pilikia āu, hiki i kahi loea maka ke ʻike a mālama iā ia. E nānā lākou i kou mau maka a me kou ʻike a kuhikuhi i ka lāʻau lapaʻau āu e pono ai e ʻike maopopo hou.

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, ulu kēia mau pilikia ʻike i ko mākou ulu ʻana a me ka ulu ʻana. ʻIke mua ʻia nā pilikia he nui i nā keiki ʻōpio. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke ulu i kēia mau pilikia i kēlā me kēia manawa o kou ola, ʻoiai inā he maikaʻi kou ʻike ma mua.

E ʻike i kahi loea maka i ka wā e ʻike ai ʻoe i kekahi mau loli a i ʻole ka ʻino ʻana o kou ʻike. ʻOiai inā ʻoe e ʻaʻahu nei i nā aniani maka a i ʻole nā ​​​​aniani hoʻopili, he mea nui e nānā mau ʻia kou mau maka.

He aha nā ʻano o nā hewa refractive?

ʻEhā ʻano maʻamau o nā pilikia ʻike:

1. Myopia - maikaʻi ka ʻike kokoke

ʻO ka poʻe me ka ʻike kokoke, a i ʻole "Myopia" , ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ʻike maopopo i nā mea mamao, akā hiki iā lākou ke ʻike maopopo i nā mea kokoke.Eia kekahi laʻana, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka `(Myopia)`, ʻaʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike maopopo i nā hōʻailona inoa ma ka ʻaoʻao o ke alanui, a e ʻike wale ʻia lākou ke kokoke ʻoe i kāu kaʻa a i ʻole ke kū pono lākou ma waho o kou puka makani. E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, ʻōlelo kekahi mau keiki ʻaʻole hiki iā lākou ke ʻike i ka mea i kākau ʻia ma ka papa ʻeleʻele ma ke kula, akā hiki iā lākou ke heluhelu maikaʻi i ka mea i kākau ʻia ma ka puke. Ma muli paha o `(Myopia)` kēia.

ʻO ka maʻamau, loaʻa ka myopia ke lōʻihi loa kou maka mai mua a i hope. I kekahi manawa, hiki ke loaʻa ka myopia inā piʻo loa kou cornea a i ʻole ka lens.

ʻO ka hapa nui, ʻike pinepine ʻia ka myopia i nā keiki ma kahi o 10 mau makahiki.

2. ʻIke kokoke (Hyperopia) - Maikaʻi ka ʻike mamao

ʻO ka ʻike kokoke, a i ʻole `(Hyperopia),` e paʻakikī ai ke ʻike maopopo i nā mea e kokoke ana iā ʻoe. ʻO kēia ke kū'ē i ka `(Myopia).` Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ʻo `(Hyperopia),` hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike maopopo i nā mea ma ke TV ma kēlā ʻaoʻao o ka lumi, akā pilikia ʻoe i ka heluhelu ʻana i ka kikokikona e paʻi ʻia ana ma ka kamepiula lawe lima i mua ou. ʻIke kekahi poʻe i ka wā e hoʻāʻo ai lākou e heluhelu i kahi nūpepa a i ʻole kahi puke, lilo ka kikokikona i mea palalulu a pono lākou e hāpai i luna e nānā iā ia mai kahi mamao aku.

ʻO ka Hyperopia ke emi ka lōʻihi o kou maka mai mua a i hope. ʻO kekahi kumu ʻē aʻe ke pālahalaha loa kou cornea a i ʻole ka lens (ʻo ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole i kūlou pono).

ʻO ka hapa nui o ka poʻe me ka hyperopia i hānau ʻia me ia.

3. ʻO ka Presbyopia (nearsightedness) e kū mai ana me ka ʻelemakule

ʻO Presbyopia, a i ʻole nearsightedness, he ʻano ia e kū mai ana me ka ʻelemakule. E like me ka hyperopia, hoʻolilo ka presbyopia i mea paʻakikī ke ʻike kokoke i nā mea. ʻO kēia ke kumu pinepine e pono ai mākou e komo i nā aniani heluhelu i ko mākou wā ʻelemakule. ʻO ia ke kumu i hoʻohana ai ko mākou mau makuahine, nā makuakāne, a me nā kūpuna i nā aniani e hoʻopili i ka nila a heluhelu i nā nūpepa.

Loaʻa ka presbyopia i ka wā e emi ai ka palupalu o ka lens o kou maka a emi iho ka hiki ke nānā pono e like me ka wā ma mua. Loaʻa pinepine ia i nā poʻe ma luna o 40 mau makahiki.

4. ʻO ka Astigmatism

Hiki i ka Astigmatism ke hana i ka ʻike pōwehiwehi ma kekahi mamao. He poepoe ko kākou mau maka maʻamau, ʻeā? Akā inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka astigmatism, ua like kou maka me ka pōpō rugby, a i ʻole ke kua o ka puna. ʻO kēia ke kumu o ke kukui e komo ana i kou maka e kūlou a hoʻopilikia nui. ʻO ia hoʻi, hiki iā ia ke kālele ma nā wahi he nui ma kahi o ka kālele ʻana ma kahi hoʻokahi.

Hiki ke loaʻa ka Astigmatism i kēlā me kēia manawa o ke ola. Ua hānau ʻia kekahi poʻe me ia. No kekahi, ulu aʻe ia ma hope o ke ola.

He aha nā hōʻailona o kahi hewa refractive?

Hiki i nā maʻi maka āpau ke hoʻopilikia i kou ʻike. Ma waho aʻe o ka paʻakikī ʻana o ka ʻike maopopo, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i nā hōʻailona e like me:

• Ka ʻike pōwehiwehi o nā mea kokoke, mamao, a i ʻole nā ​​mea ʻelua.
• ʻIke pālua (`Diplopia`).
• ʻEha poʻo.
• Ke ʻūmiʻi mau nei. Inā ʻoe e ʻūmiʻi mau a ʻūmiʻi paha i kou mau maka, he hōʻailona ia.
• Ka ʻeha o ka maka.
• ʻEha maka.

I kekahi manawa, ʻaʻole paha e ʻike nā keiki ʻōpio ua hāʻule ko lākou ʻike. Inā pilikia kāu keiki i ka nānā ʻana i hoʻokahi mea no ka manawa lōʻihi, a i ʻole e hāʻule koke kā lākou mau māka, loaʻa paha iā lākou kahi pilikia ʻike. Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi mau loli i nā maka o kāu keiki, ka ʻike, a i ʻole ke ʻano, e ʻike i kahi kauka keiki a i ʻole ke kauka maka.

He aha nā kumu o kēia mau hewa refractive?

Hiki ke hoʻoulu ʻia nā pilikia ʻike e nā loli i ke ʻano o kou cornea, lens, a i ʻole ke ʻano holoʻokoʻa o kou maka. ʻO ke ʻano o ka pilikia āu e loaʻa nei ma muli o ke ʻano o kou maka.

Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia mau mea i kou wā ʻelemakule. I kou wā ʻelemakule ʻana o kou mau maka, hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa nā pilikia ʻike hou i loaʻa ʻole i kou wā ʻōpiopio.

Hiki i kekahi poʻe ke loaʻa nā pilikia ʻike ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana i ka cataract.

Pehea e ʻike ai i nā hewa refractive?

Hoʻomaopopo kahi kauka maka i nā pilikia ʻike maka ma o ka hoʻokolokolo maka . E nānā lākou i kou mau maka (me loko). E hāʻawi pū lākou iā ʻoe i kahi hoʻāʻo ʻike maka . Hiki i kēia ke kōkua i ka hoʻoholo ʻana i ke ʻano o ka pilikia ʻike maka āu a me ka nui o kona hoʻopilikia ʻana i kou ʻike maka.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai nā hewa refractive?

ʻO nā lāʻau lapaʻau no nā pilikia ʻike:

• Nā maka aniani.
• Nā aniani hoʻopili.
• ʻO ke ʻoki hoʻoponopono ʻike - no ka laʻana, nā ʻoki e like me LASIK a me Photorefractive Keratectomy (PRK).

ʻO ka maʻamau, e kuhikuhi kāu kauka maka i nā aniani a i ʻole nā ​​​​aniani hoʻopili ma mua o kou hana ʻoki hoʻoponopono maka. Eia nō naʻe, hiki iā ʻoe ke lilo i moho no ke ʻoki ʻana i kēia manawa. E kamaʻilio me kāu kauka maka e pili ana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau kūpono loa iā ʻoe.

Hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka hewa refractive?

ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻaʻohe mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale aku i kou mau maka mai ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi kīnā ʻike. No ka mea, ua hana ʻia kēia mau mea e ke ʻano o kou maka, ka cornea, a i ʻole ka lens, a i ʻole nā ​​​​loli i kēia mau ʻāpana, ʻaʻohe ala e pale aku ai i nā hemahema ʻike. A ʻaʻohe mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e pale aku ai i kāu keiki mai ka hānau ʻana me kahi kīnā ʻike.

He aha ka mea e hana ai inā loaʻa iaʻu kahi hewa refractive?

ʻOiai inā pono ʻoe e komo i nā aniani maka a i ʻole nā ​​​​aniani hoʻopili, a i ʻole e hana ʻia ke ʻoki hoʻoponopono ʻike, no ka mea he kīnā kou, ʻaʻole ia e loaʻa ka hopena nui i kou olakino.

Hiki ke loli ke ʻano o kāu mau maka aniani a i ʻole nā ​​aniani hoʻopili i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa. Hiki i kekahi poʻe i hana ʻia ke ʻoki hoʻoponopono maka ke ʻike i kahi nalowale iki o ka maka i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa (regression) - ʻo ia hoʻi, e emi mālie ana nā hopena o ke ʻoki ʻana.

Inā he pilikia kou ʻike maka, ʻoi aku kou pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi ʻē aʻe e hoʻopilikia ai i nā maka. Nā Laʻana:

• ʻO ka glaucoma.
• Maka palaualelo (`Maka palaualelo / Amblyopia`).
• Nā maka keʻa / Strabismus.
• ʻIke haʻahaʻa.

ʻEhia pinepine e pono ai iaʻu e nānā i koʻu mau maka?

Ma ka nānā mau ʻana i kou mau maka a me kou ʻike maka, hiki i kahi loea maka ke ʻike i nā pilikia i ka wā mua. ʻO ka pinepine o kou nānā ʻana i kou mau maka e pili ana i kou mau makahiki:

• Nā Keiki: Pono e nānā ʻia nā maka o kāu keiki e kā lākou pediatrician i ka manawa e aʻo ana lākou e heluhelu, a laila i kēlā me kēia makahiki a ʻelua paha ma hope o kēlā.
• Nā mākua ma lalo o 40: I kēlā me kēia ʻelima a ʻumi makahiki.
• Nā pākeke ma waena o 40 a me 54 mau makahiki: I kēlā me kēia ʻelua a ʻehā mau makahiki.
• Nā mākua ma luna o 55 mau makahiki: I kēlā me kēia makahiki hoʻokahi a ʻekolu.

Inā ʻoe e komo i nā aniani maka, nā aniani hoʻopili, a i ʻole makemake ʻoe i kahi mea kōkua ʻike maka ʻē aʻe, pono paha ʻoe e nānā pinepine i kou mau maka. Pono pū ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes e nānā pinepine ʻia ko lākou mau maka.

E nīnau i kāu loea maka i ka pinepine o kāu hoʻokolokolo maka.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i kaʻu kauka?

E ʻike i kāu kauka a kauka maka paha i ka wā e ʻike ai ʻoe i kekahi loli i kou mau maka a i ʻole ka ʻike.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi o kēia mau hōʻailona , ​​e hele koke i ka keʻena pilikia o ka haukapila:

• Ka nalowale koke ʻana o ka ʻike.
• ʻEha nui o ka maka.
• Inā ʻike ʻoe i nā kukui hou a i ʻole nā ​​​​mea lana i kou mau maka.

He aha nā nīnau e pono iaʻu e nīnau aku i kaʻu kauka?

• He aha ke ʻano o ka pilikia ʻike maka iaʻu?
• He aha ke ʻano o nā aniani maka/nā aniani hoʻopili e pono ai iaʻu?
• He kūpono anei au no ke ʻoki hoʻoponopono maka?
• ʻEhia pinepine e pono ai iaʻu ke hana i kahi hoʻokolokolo maka?

Leka Lawe-Home

He pilikia maka maʻamau loa nā pilikia ʻike maka i ʻike ʻia e ka poʻe he nui. ʻOiai ke ʻano o ka pilikia āu, hiki i kāu kauka maka ke loaʻa i kahi lāʻau e kōkua iā ʻoe e ʻike maopopo hou. ʻOiai inā ʻaʻole i loli nui kāu ʻike maka, e ʻike pinepine i kāu kauka maka. I kekahi manawa, hiki i nā loli liʻiliʻi i kou mau maka a i ʻole ka ʻike maka ke hoʻonui i kahi pilikia e kū nei a i ʻole ke kumu i kahi mea hou.

Inā hoʻomaka koke kāu keiki e ʻūmiʻi, e hoʻopiʻi i ka ʻeha poʻo, a i ʻole e ʻike i ka emi ʻana o kā lākou hana kula, loaʻa paha iā lākou kahi maʻi maka a lākou i ʻike ʻole ai he hiki ke mālama ʻia. No laila he mea nui e ʻimi i ke kōkua lapaʻau i nā manawa e like me kēia. He mea waiwai nui ko kākou mau maka, no laila e mālama kākou iā lākou!

ʻIke maka, pilikia ʻike maka, myopia, hyperopia, astigmatism, aniani maka, olakino maka