Ua hōʻike anei kāu hoʻāʻo koko hou loa ua kiʻekiʻe iki kou pae cholesterol? Ua manaʻo anei ʻoe i ka makaʻu a me ka hopohopo i kou ʻike ʻana ua kiʻekiʻe pū kekahi kou pae "cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole" a i ʻole LDL? Inā pēlā, ua kuhikuhi paha kāu kauka iā ʻoe e hoʻomaka e lawe i kahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau 'Statin'. No laila i kēia lā, e kamaʻilio maʻalahi kākou e pili ana i nā 'Statins', he mea nui ia i nā poʻe he nui.
ʻAe, he aha kēia mau 'Statins'?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo 'Statins' kahi ʻano lāʻau lapaʻau a nā kauka e kuhikuhi ai e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ke kiʻekiʻe o ka cholesterol i loko o kou koko, ʻoiai ka cholesterol "maikaʻi ʻole".
Ke kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka cholesterol, lohe mau mākou e pili ana i ʻelua ʻano, ʻeā?
1. LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein): ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he cholesterol "maikaʻi ʻole" . E noʻonoʻo i kou mau kīʻaha koko e like me kahi paipu e lawe ana i ka wai. ʻO ka hana a kēia cholesterol LDL, ʻo ia ke waiho ʻana e like me ka lepo ʻaila ma loko o kēlā paipu, e hoʻohaiki mālie ana i ke ala no ke kahe ʻana o ke koko. Hiki i kekahi mau ʻano 'statins' ke hōʻemi i kēia cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole ma 50% a ʻoi aku paha.
2. HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein): ʻO kēia ka mea a mākou e kapa nei he cholesterol "maikaʻi" . Hōʻiliʻili ia i ka cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole i hōʻiliʻili ʻia i loko o nā aʻa a lawe aku i ke akepaʻa e wehe ʻia mai ke kino. Ua like ia me ka mea hōʻiliʻili ʻōpala.
ʻAʻole wale nā Statins e hōʻemi i ka cholesterol LDL maikaʻi ʻole, akā kōkua pū kekahi i ka hoʻemi ʻana i nā triglycerides, kekahi ʻano momona i loko o ke koko, a hoʻonui iki i nā pae cholesterol HDL maikaʻi.
ʻO ka maʻamau, ua kuhikuhi ʻia kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau e lawe ʻia i hoʻokahi manawa i ka lā, i ka manawa like. Hana maikaʻi kekahi mau statins ke lawe ʻia i ka pō. ʻO kēia no ka mea hana ko mākou kino i ka cholesterol hou aʻe i ka pō. Eia nō naʻe, hana maikaʻi kekahi mau statins hou ke lawe ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa o ka lā. E wehewehe kāu kauka i kēia iā ʻoe.
Pehea e hana ai kēia lāʻau lapaʻau i loko o ke kino?
He moʻolelo hoihoi loa kēia. E noʻonoʻo ʻoe ʻo kou akepaʻa ka hale hana nui e hana ai i ka cholesterol. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, 75% o ka cholesterol e pono ai ko kākou kino e hana ʻia i loko o ko kākou akepaʻa. ʻO ke koena mai ka meaʻai a kākou e ʻai ai.
No laila, he enzyme ko ke akepaʻa e pono ai no kēia kaʻina hana cholesterol. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he 'HMG-CoA reductase'. Hana ka lāʻau 'Statin' e like me ke kiaʻi puka, e ālai ana i ka enzyme 'HMG-CoA reductase' mai ka hiki ʻana i ke akepaʻa. A laila nalowale ke akepaʻa i kahi mea maka e pono ai no ka hana ʻana i ka cholesterol. ʻO ka hopena, emi nui ka nui o ka cholesterol i hana ʻia e ke akepaʻa. Maopopo iā ʻoe?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ka 'Statin' kahi lāʻau lapaʻau e hōʻemi ana i ka nui o ka cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole i loko o ke koko ma ke keakea ʻana i ka hana ʻana o ka cholesterol i loko o ke akepaʻa.
No ke aha mākou e pono ai i nā "Statins"?
ʻO ke kumu nui, ʻo ia ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka pilikia o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a me ka hahau.
E like me kaʻu i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ke piʻi ka cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole i loko o ke koko, e waiho ʻia ana ma nā paia o nā kīʻaha koko. I ka lāʻau lapaʻau, kapa mākou i kēia ʻo 'Atherosclerosis' . ʻO ka cholesterol e hōʻiliʻili ana ma kēia ʻano ua kapa ʻia ʻo 'plaque'. Hoʻemi kēia i ka hakahaka i loko o nā kīʻaha koko a keakea i ke kahe koko.
E noʻonoʻo i ka mea e hana ʻia inā e ālai ʻia kahi aʻa e hoʻolako ana i ke koko i ka puʻuwai e like me kēia? ʻAʻole loaʻa i ka puʻuwai ka oxygen a me nā meaʻai e pono ai. ʻO ia ke kumu o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai. A inā pahū kēia 'plaque' i loko o kahi aʻa e hoʻolako ana i ke koko i ka lolo a hana ʻia kahi clot koko, hana ia i ka stroke.
Hoʻohaʻahaʻa nā statins i ka cholesterol, e hōʻemi nui ana i ka pilikia o kēia mau kūlana weliweli.
He aha nā ʻano "statins" i hoʻohana pinepine ʻia?
Aia kekahi mau ʻano 'statins'. Na kāu kauka e kuhikuhi i ke ʻano kūpono loa iā ʻoe, e noʻonoʻo ana i kou kūlana olakino, ka pae cholesterol, a me nā kumu ʻē aʻe.
| Ka inoa maʻamau o 'Statin' | Nā Inoa Lama Maʻamau |
|---|---|
| ʻAtorvastatin | Lipitor®, Caduet® |
| ʻO Rosuvastatin | Crestor®, Ezallor Sprinkle® |
| ʻO Simvastatin | Zocor®, Vytorin® (me ka ezetimibe) |
| ʻO Pravastatin | ʻO Pravachol® |
| ʻO Lovastatin | ʻO Mevacor® |
| ʻO Fluvastatin | Lescol® |
I kekahi manawa hele mai kahi 'statin' i loko o ka pila hoʻokahi me kekahi lāʻau ʻē aʻe. Eia kekahi laʻana, kahi lāʻau i kapa ʻia ʻo ezetimibe me simvastatin.
ʻO wai ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia e lawe i nā "Statins"?
E kuhikuhi ke kauka i kahi statin nou ma muli o kou pilikia holoʻokoʻa o ka maʻi puʻuwai. Pili kēia i nā kumu he nui, me kou makahiki, ke kāne, ka mōʻaukala ʻohana, a inā ʻoe e puhipaka ana. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻōlelo ʻia nā Statins no kēia mau poʻe:
- No ka poʻe hiki ʻole ke hoʻemi i ko lākou pae cholesterol (ʻoi aku hoʻi nā pae LDL ma luna o 190 mg/dL) me ka ʻole o ka ʻai a me ka hoʻoikaika kino .
- No nā kānaka me ka maʻi diabetes mellitus a ma waena o nā makahiki 40-75, me nā pae cholesterol LDL ma mua o 70 mg/dL.
- No ka poʻe i loaʻa mua i ka hōʻeha puʻuwai, ka hahau ʻana, a i ʻole ka maʻi peripheral artery (PAD) .
- No nā kānaka i piha i ka makahiki 40-75 me ka pae LDL ma luna o 70 mg/dL, a he kiʻekiʻe ka pilikia o ka maʻi puʻuwai.
- Inā ua loaʻa i kekahi o ka ʻohana (nā mākua, nā kaikaina) ka maʻi puʻuwai i kona wā ʻōpiopio a he kiʻekiʻe kona pae cholesterol.
Aia kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao i kēia?
He pilikia kēia no nā kānaka he nui. He ʻoiaʻiʻo, e like me nā lāʻau lapaʻau āpau, hiki i nā statins ke loaʻa nā hopena ʻaoʻao. Akā ʻo ka mea nui, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka hapa nui o ka poʻe nā hopena ʻaoʻao. ʻOiai nā hopena ʻaoʻao liʻiliʻi e kū mai ana e nalo aku i ka hoʻomau ʻia ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
| Ka hopena ʻaoʻao | Wehewehena |
|---|---|
| Nā hopena ʻaoʻao maʻamau (ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi pinepine) | |
| ʻEha ʻiʻo a me nā hono | ʻO kēia ka hopena ʻaoʻao i hōʻike pinepine ʻia. Hiki ke manaʻo ʻia e like me ka ʻeha maʻamau. |
| ʻEha poʻo | Hiki ke loaʻa kahi ʻeha poʻo iki. |
| Nā pilikia o ka ʻōnaehana hoʻoheheʻe | Hiki ke loaʻa ka luaʻi, ka pehu ʻana, ka palahī ʻana, a i ʻole ka paʻa ʻana o ka ʻōpū. |
| ʻIke pinepine ʻole ʻia nā hopena ʻaoʻao koʻikoʻi (e pono ai ke aʻo ʻia e ke kauka) | |
| Ka pōʻino o ke akepaʻa | Nā hōʻailona e like me ka melemele o nā maka (jaundice), ka mimi ʻeleʻele, a me ka luhi nui. |
| ʻO ka Rhabdomyolysis | He maʻi laha ʻole kēia. ʻO nā hōʻailona e komo pū me ka ʻeha nui ma ka ʻūhā, ka nāwaliwali, a me ka mimi ʻeleʻele. |
| Hoʻonui ʻia ke kō koko | Hiki ke hoʻonui iki ʻia kēia pilikia i ka poʻe i pilikia i ka maʻi diabetes. |
Mea nui: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao, mai hoʻōki i ka lawe ʻana i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau iā ʻoe iho. ʻO ka mea maikaʻi loa e hana ai, ʻo ia ke kamaʻilio me kāu kauka e pili ana i ia mea. Hiki paha iā ʻoe ke hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia ma ka hoʻololi ʻana i ke ʻano o ka statin āu e lawe nei a i ʻole ma ka hoʻoponopono ʻana i ka nui.
Aia kekahi poʻe ʻaʻole pono e lawe i nā statins?
ʻAe. ʻAʻole ʻōlelo ʻia nā Statins no nā wahine hāpai, nā makuahine hānai, a me nā poʻe me kekahi mau maʻi akepaʻa koʻikoʻi. Pono ʻoe e haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe āu e lawe nei. Hiki i nā wai huaʻai, ʻoiai ka wai grapefruit a me ka pomegranate, ke launa pū me kekahi mau statins, no laila e nīnau i kāu kauka e pili ana i kēlā.
He aha ka mea e hana ai inā e hoʻōki ʻoe i ka lawe ʻana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau?
Ke hoʻōki ʻoe i ka lawe ʻana i ka statin, e hoʻi hou ana kou pae cholesterol i ko lākou wahi i mua. ʻO ia hoʻi, e piʻi hou ana kou pilikia o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a me ka hahau. No laila, he lāʻau lapaʻau ia no ke ola holoʻokoʻa.
I ka manawa e ʻike koke ai i ke kauka
Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi o nā hōʻailona ma lalo nei i ka wā e lawe ana i ka statin, e ʻimi koke i ke kōkua lapaʻau.
- Inā ʻoe e manaʻo ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻomanawanui, ʻeha nui a nāwaliwali paha i kou mau ʻiʻo a i ʻole nā hui.
- Inā ʻeha kou kino me ke kuni .
- NāuInā ʻike ʻia kou mau maka a i ʻole kou ʻili he melemele (jaundice).
- Inā lilo kou mimi i ʻeleʻele ke kala e like me ka wai lau kī .
I loko o ia kūlana, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hele ʻana i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) o ka haukapila.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He papa lāʻau lapaʻau maikaʻi loa nā Statins e hoʻohaʻahaʻa i ka cholesterol maikaʻi ʻole (LDL) a hōʻemi i ka pilikia o ka hōʻeha puʻuwai a me ka hahau.
- Hana kēia lāʻau lapaʻau ma ka hoʻōki ʻana i ke akepaʻa mai ka hana ʻana i ka cholesterol.
- ʻOiai inā ʻoe e lawe ana i ka statin, he mea nui loa ia e hoʻomau i ka ʻai olakino a me ka hoʻoikaika kino. Mai manaʻo ʻoe no ka mea wale nō ʻoe e lawe ana i kahi lāʻau lapaʻau, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻai i nā mea āu e makemake ai.
- Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi mau hopena ʻaoʻao, e kamaʻilio me kāu kauka me ka hoʻōki ʻole i ka lāʻau lapaʻau.
- Mai ho'ōki i ka lawe ʻana i ka statin me ka ʻole o ke aʻo a kāu kauka, no ka mea, hiki i kēia ke hoʻonui hou i kou mau pilikia olakino.
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