Ke makaʻu nei hoʻi ʻoe i ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu? (Kanesa Puʻu) E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia!

Ke ʻeha nei kou puʻu i kekahi manawa a i ʻole ka loli o kou leo? Hiki ke anu a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e hoʻomau nei, he manaʻo maikaʻi e hopohopo iki. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu. ʻOiai he kumuhana weliweli kēia, he mea nui e makaʻala i ia mea.

He aha kēia maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ke "maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu" ka ulu ʻana o nā hunaola maʻi ʻaʻai i loko o kou puʻu, kahi i ʻike ʻia ma ke ʻano lapaʻau ʻo "pharynx", a i ʻole kou larynx, ʻo ia ka ʻāpana o kāu pahu leo. He ʻano liʻiliʻi kēia ma mua o nā ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai ʻē aʻe. Eia nō naʻe, i ka wā e loaʻa ai i kekahi kēia ʻano, ʻo ka hapa nui o ka manawa e ulu ai nā puʻupuʻu maʻi ʻaʻai ma ka ʻāpana waena o ka puʻu, ka "oropharynx", a i ʻole ka larynx.

ʻAʻohe hōʻailona o ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu i nā pae mua . Ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona, ​​hiki iā lākou ke like me nā maʻi maʻamau, ʻaʻole koʻikoʻi, e like me ka ʻeha o ka puʻu a i ʻole ka ʻeha pepeiao. ʻO ia ke kumu e hoʻopaneʻe ai kekahi poʻe i ka ʻike ʻana i ke kauka.

Eia nō naʻe, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona e hōʻike ana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu, ʻoiai inā ʻoi aku lākou ma mua o ʻelua pule , mai hoʻowahāwahā iā lākou. Hiki ke mālama ʻia a hoʻōla ʻia ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu. Hiki ke hoʻōla loa ʻia kekahi. ʻO ke kī, ʻo ia ka ʻike ʻia a mālama ʻia i ka wā mua .

Aia kekahi mau ʻano like ʻole o kēia ʻano maʻi?

ʻAe, aia kekahi mau ʻano maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu. E nānā kākou i ke ʻano o lākou:

• ʻAʻai ʻōpū: Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia ma ka ʻāpana waena o kou puʻu. ʻO kēia ke ʻano maʻamau o ka maʻi ʻōpū ma nā ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika Hui Pū ʻIa.
• ʻAʻai Laryngeal: Hoʻopilikia kēia i kāu pahu leo, a i ʻole larynx. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻomaka ma ka ʻaoʻao o luna o ka larynx (ka maʻi supraglottic), ma ka ʻaoʻao waena kahi o nā kaula leo (ka maʻi glottic), a i ʻole ma ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa (ka maʻi subglottic).
• ʻO ke kanesa Hypopharyngeal: Hoʻokumu kēia ma ka ʻāpana o kou puʻu ma luna o kou esophagus a me ka windpipe.
• ʻAʻai nasopharyngeal: Hoʻomaka kēia ma ka ʻāpana o kou puʻu ma hope o kou ihu.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ke kanesa ʻāʻī?

Hiki i nā hōʻailona o ke kanesa ʻāʻī ke like me nā hōʻailona o nā maʻi ʻē aʻe i ʻoi aku ka koʻikoʻi, e like me ke anu a i ʻole nā ​​​​​​maʻi allergies. ʻO ka maʻamau, e emi iho nā hōʻailona o ia mau maʻi liʻiliʻi i loko o kekahi mau lā. Eia nō naʻe, inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, e ʻoi aku ka ʻino o nā hōʻailona o ke kanesa ʻāʻī, ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi .

Eia nā hōʻailona a me nā ʻōuli o ke kanesa ʻāʻī:

• ʻEha ka ʻāʻī (e like me ka ʻāʻī ʻeha)
• ʻEha pepeiao (hiki ke manaʻo e like me ka ʻeha pepeiao)
• Paʻakikī i ka ale ʻana a i ʻole ka ʻeha i ka ale ʻana
• He puʻu ma ka ʻāʻī, ka puʻu, a i ʻole ke kua o ka waha
• Nā loli leo, e like me ka leo haʻalulu
• ʻUmi mau a ʻumi paha i ke koko
• ʻO ka pohō kaumaha (pinepine ma muli o ka paʻakikī i ka ʻai ʻana a me ka moni ʻana)

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona no nā pule ʻelua a ʻoi aku, e ʻike i ke kauka e kamaʻilio e pili ana iā lākou. A laila hiki iā lākou ke hoʻomaopopo pono i ke kumu o kou pilikia.

He aha nā hōʻailona mua o ke kanesa ʻāʻī?

ʻOkoʻa nā hōʻailona mua o ke kanesa ʻāʻī ma muli o kahi i loaʻa ai ke kanesa . No ka laʻana, ʻo nā hōʻailona mua o ke kanesa oropharyngeal e komo pū me kahi puʻupuʻu ma ka ʻāʻī, ʻeha pepeiao, a me ka ʻeha i ka moni ʻana. ʻO kahi hōʻailona mua maʻamau o ke kanesa laryngeal ka leo hoarse mau.

I ka manawa pinepine, ʻaʻole hōʻike ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu i kekahi mau hōʻailona i kona mau pae mua. I ka manawa e hoʻomaka ai ʻoe e ʻike i nā loli, ua holomua paha ke kanesa. No laila he mea nui e ʻike i ke kauka inā ʻaʻole e hoʻomaikaʻi kāu mau hōʻailona i loko o ʻelua a ʻekolu pule.

He aha nā kumu o ke kanesa ʻāʻī?

Loaʻa ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu i ka wā e loli ai nā genes (nā hoʻololi genetic) i loko o nā cell i loko o kou puʻu. ʻO kēia mau hoʻololi genetic ke kumu o ka ulu ʻana o nā cell olakino a lilo i mau cell cancer. Inā ʻaʻole mālama ʻia, hiki i kēia mau cell cancer ke laha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o kou kino. Ke hoʻāʻo nei nā kānaka noiʻi e ʻike i ke kumu o kēia mau loli.

Nā Kumu Pilikia

Aia kekahi mau kumu e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu. E makaʻala pū kākou i kēlā mau mea.

• Ka puhipaka a i ʻole ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā huahana paka ʻē aʻe: ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka paka ka mea nui a nui loa no ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāʻī .
• Maʻi HPV: ʻO ka Human Papillomavirus (HPV) kahi maʻi hiki ke laha ma o ka moekolohe waha. Ma nā ʻāina i hoʻomohala ʻia, ʻo ka HPV ke kumu nui o ka hapa nui o nā maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu hou.
• Ka inu nui ʻana i ka waiʻona: Ua ʻike nā kānaka noiʻi ua pili kekahi mau maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka waiʻona. ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka pilikia inā ʻoe e hoʻohana pū i ka paka.
• ʻO ka maʻi Epstein-Barr: ʻO kēia maʻi, ka mea e hoʻoulu ai i ka mononucleosis (mono), hiki ke hoʻonui i ka pilikia o ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu. (ʻOi aku ka nui o ka hopena i nā maʻi ʻaʻai nasopharyngeal.)
• ʻO ka hōʻike ʻana i nā mea ʻawahia: ʻO ka hōʻike lōʻihi ʻana i nā carcinogens e like me ka asbestos, ka lepo lāʻau, a me ka formaldehyde e hoʻonui pū i ka pilikia.
• ʻO ka ʻai nui ʻana a i ʻole ka liʻiliʻi ʻana o kekahi mau meaʻai: ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i nā ʻiʻo i mālama ʻia a me ka ʻai ʻole ʻana i nā mea kanu a me nā huaʻai lawa e hoʻonui ai i ka pilikia.

Pehea e hōʻemi ai i ka pilikia?

ʻOiai ʻaʻohe ala e pale loa ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu, aia kekahi mau mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana e hōʻemi i kou pilikia:

• Mai hoʻohana i nā cigarette a i ʻole nā ​​huahana paka ʻē aʻe. (Inā ʻoe e puhipaka, e noi i kāu kauka no ke kōkua e haʻalele.)
• E kiʻi i ka lāʻau pale HPV.
• E hōʻalo loa i ka waiʻona a i ʻole e inu iki.
• E ʻai i ka meaʻai momona i nā mea kanu, nā huaʻai, a me nā palaoa holoʻokoʻa, e like me ka meaʻai Mediterranean.

Pehea e ʻike ai nā kauka i kēia maʻi?

Hoʻohana nā kauka i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e ʻike ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu. ʻO kekahi o lākou:

• Hoʻokolokolo kino: E nānā kāu kauka i nā hōʻailona o ke kanesa ʻāʻī, e like me kahi puʻupuʻu ma kou ʻāʻī, a e nīnau e pili ana i kāu mau hana e hoʻonui ai i kou pilikia, e like me ka puhipaka.
• Ka hoʻokolokolo ʻana me ka hoʻohana ʻana i kahi endoscope: Hiki i kāu kauka ke hoʻokomo i kahi ʻōmole liʻiliʻi i lako me ke kāmela i kapa ʻia he scope i loko o kou puʻu e nānā i ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu. Ua kapa ʻia kēia he endoscopy. Inā e nānā ʻia ka larynx, ua kapa ʻia ʻo ia he laryngoscopy.
• Biopsy: I ka wā o ka endoscopy, hiki i ke kauka ke lawe i kahi ʻāpana o ka ʻiʻo kānalua a hoʻouna aku i kahi keʻena hoʻokolohua e nānā i nā hunaola kanesa. ʻO ka biopsy wale nō ke ala e ʻike pono ai inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi ʻāʻī.
• Nā hoʻāʻo kiʻi: Hiki i kahi scan CT a me MRI ke hōʻike inā he maʻi kanesa kou i loko o kou puʻu a me ka larynx. Hiki i kahi scan PET ke ʻike inā ua pālahalaha ke kanesa ma ʻō aku o ka puʻu.

Ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ke kanesa

ʻO ke ana ʻana o ke kanesa e hiki ai i nā kauka ke hoʻoholo i ka mamao o ka ulu ʻana a me ka laha ʻana o ke kanesa ʻāʻī. He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi loa kēia o ka hōʻailona. ʻOkoʻa ke ʻano o ka kapa ʻia ʻana o kēia mau pae ma muli o ke ʻano o ke kanesa. Hoʻokaʻawale pinepine ʻia ke kanesa ʻāʻī ma ke ʻano he pae I (hoʻokahi) - ka mea liʻiliʻi loa - i ke kahua IV (ʻehā) - ka mea i holomua loa a me ka laha ʻana.

Eia kekahi laʻana, ʻo ke kanesa ʻāʻī o ka pae I ʻo ia hoʻi he liʻiliʻi ka puʻupuʻu a ʻaʻole i pālahalaha i nā lymph nodes a i ʻole nā ​​​​ʻiʻo ʻē aʻe. Ua pālahalaha paha ke kanesa pae IV (metastasized) i nā wahi ʻē aʻe.

Pehea e mālama ʻia ai ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu?

Hoʻohana nā kauka i nā ʻano hana like ʻole e mālama ai i ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu. Inā he puhipaka ʻoe, e aʻo paha lākou iā ʻoe e haʻalele i ka puhipaka ma mua o ka hoʻomaka ʻana i ka mālama ʻana i ka maʻi ʻaʻai. E hoʻonui kēia i ka holomua o ka mālama ʻana a hōʻemi i ka pilikia o nā hopena ʻaoʻao.

ʻoki kino

ʻO ka pahuhopu nui o ke ʻoki ʻana, ʻo ia ka wehe ʻana i ka nui o ke kanesa e like me ka hiki me ka mālama ʻana i kou hiki ke hanu, ʻōlelo, a moni. Hiki i kāu kauka ke wehe i nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi i ka wā e lawe ana i ka ʻiʻo no ka biopsy. No nā puʻupuʻu nui aʻe, pono paha ʻoe e hana i kahi laryngectomy, a i ʻole ke ʻoki wehe e wehe i kahi hapa a i ʻole kāu pahu leo ​​​​​​a pau. Pono paha ʻoe i kahi ʻoki ʻāʻī e wehe i nā lymph node kahi i laha ai nā hunaola kanesa.

Hoʻōla radiation

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau maʻamau no ka maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāʻī, ʻo ia ka radiation therapy, kahi e hoʻohana ai i kahi mīkini e hoʻouna i nā kukuna ikehu kiʻekiʻe e pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa. Ua lawa paha kēia no nā puʻupuʻu liʻiliʻi i laha ʻole. A i ʻole, hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka radiation therapy me nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe, e like me ke ʻoki kino a i ʻole ka chemotherapy.

Kemoterapia

Hoʻohana ka Chemotherapy i nā lāʻau lapaʻau e pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa. Hoʻohana pinepine nā kauka i ka chemotherapy a me ka radiation therapy e mālama i ka maʻi kanesa ʻāʻī. Hoʻohana ʻia ka Chemotherapy e hoʻēmi i nā puʻupuʻu ma mua o ke ʻoki ʻana a e pepehi i nā hunaola kanesa i koe ma hope o ke ʻoki ʻana.

ʻO ka lāʻau lapaʻau i hoʻolālā ʻia a me ka immunotherapy

Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i ka lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia a i ʻole ka immunotherapy, kahi i hoʻohana pinepine ʻole ʻia no ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu. Hana nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi ʻia ma ke kāohi ʻana i nā protein a nā hunaola kanesa e hoʻohana ai e ulu. Hana ka Immunotherapy ma ka hoʻoulu ʻana i kāu ʻōnaehana pale ponoʻī e hakakā i ka maʻi kanesa.

ʻO ka maʻamau, paipai ʻia kēia lāʻau lapaʻau no nā maʻi ʻaʻai ʻāʻī holomua a no nā maʻi ʻaʻai i hoʻi hou mai ma hope o ka lāʻau lapaʻau.

Āhea wau e ʻike ai i ke kauka?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona poʻo a ʻāʻī paha i wehewehe ʻole ʻia ʻaʻole i hoʻomaikaʻi ma hope o kekahi mau pule, e hoʻonohonoho i kahi manawa e ʻike ai i ke kauka. Mai hopohopo, me ka manaʻo he maʻi ʻaʻai ia. Akā, mai lawe i kekahi pilikia. E haʻi i kāu kauka e pili ana i kāu mea e ʻike nei.

He aha kaʻu e manaʻo ai inā loaʻa iaʻu ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu?

ʻO kou hopena, a i ʻole ka wānana, e pili ana i nā kumu he nui e kū hoʻokahi iā ʻoe. I kekahi manawa hiki i nā kauka ke ho'ōla i ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu i laha ʻole i nā ʻiʻo kokoke a i ʻole nā ​​​​kikowaena lymph. Eia nō naʻe, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ho'ōla ʻana i nā maʻi ʻaʻai i laha. ʻOi aku ka nui o ko lākou hiki ke hoʻi hou mai ma hope o ka mālama ʻana.

He mea nui nō hoʻi kou olakino laulā, kahi o ka puʻu kanesa, a inā ua loaʻa iā ʻoe ka HPV. Me he mea lā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pane ʻana o nā maʻi ʻāʻī e pili ana i ka HPV i ka lāʻau lapaʻau ma mua o nā ʻano ʻē aʻe.

He aha ka nui o ke ola no ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu?

Hōʻike nā helu ola o ke kanesa i ka nui o ka poʻe e ola ana i ʻelima mau makahiki ma hope o ka ʻike ʻia ʻana. I ke ʻano o ke kanesa ʻāʻī, ʻokoʻa nā helu ola ma muli o ke ʻano, ka wahi, a me ke kahua o ke kanesa.

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ʻOi aku ka ʻike o kāu kauka ma mua o kekahi mea pehea e pili ai kēia mau helu iā ʻoe. E nīnau iā ia pehea e pili ai kāu hōʻailona i kou ola.

Aia kekahi mea hiki iaʻu ke hana e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi?

Inā ʻoe e mālama ʻia nei no ka maʻi ʻaʻai puʻu, pono paha ʻoe i ke kōkua i ka hoʻokele ʻana i nā hopena lōʻihi. Hiki i ka radiation therapy a me ke ʻoki kino ke hoʻopilikia i kou hiki ke ale, ʻōlelo, a lohe. ʻO ka hoʻōla hou ʻana me kahi pathologist ʻōlelo-ʻōlelo paha he mea nui ia no kou hoʻōla ʻana. Inā hopohopo ʻoe e pili ana i kou helehelena ma hope o ke ʻoki kino, pono paha ʻoe i ke ʻoki kino hou.

Hiki i kāu kauka ke ʻōlelo aku i ka mālama palliative e kōkua iā ʻoe e hoʻokele i nā hopena ʻaoʻao o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. ʻAʻole e like me ka mālama hospice, ʻo ka mālama palliative kahi lawelawe hiki iā ʻoe ke loaʻa me ka nānā ʻole i ke kahua o kou maʻi ʻaʻai a i ʻole kou prognosis.

ʻO ka mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo (Leka Lawe-Home)

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ʻO ke kanesa ʻāʻī, nā hōʻailona o ke kanesa, HPV, puhi paka, ke kanesa laryngeal, ka lāʻau lapaʻau, ʻōlelo aʻoaʻo lapaʻau