Nā kauka e hoʻopakele i nā ola i nā pilikia: ʻO wai ke Kauka Lapaʻau Trauma?

ʻAʻohe o kākou makemake i nā ulia pōpilikia, ʻeā? Akā inā loaʻa kahi ulia pōpilikia i kahi manawa i manaʻo ʻole ʻia, aia kahi hui o nā kauka loea e mālama i ko kākou ola. ʻO lākou ka poʻe a mākou e kapa aku nei he mau kauka ʻokiʻoki trauma . Ma kēia ʻatikala, e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia mau kauka, kā lākou hana, a me ko lākou koʻikoʻi i ko kākou ola.

ʻO wai ke Kauka Lapaʻau Trauma?

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he (Trauma Surgeon) he kauka akamai loa e hana ana i ke ʻoki kino no nā ʻeha koʻikoʻi a me nā kūlana olakino pilikia e hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. E noʻonoʻo, inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kahi ulia nui a ua ʻeha nui ʻoe, ʻo kēia (Trauma Surgeon) ke alakaʻi o ka hui lapaʻau e mālama iā ʻoe. Hiki i kēia hui ke komo pū me nā limahana o ka ʻāpana Critical Care, nā loea ʻoki kino ʻē aʻe, a pēlā aku. ʻO kā lākou kuleana nō hoʻi ke nānā i kou hoʻōla ʻana ma hope o ke ʻoki kino a hoʻonohonoho pū me kāu kauka ʻohana (Primary Care Physician). I kekahi manawa ua kapa ʻia kēia mau kauka he Acute Care Surgeon a i ʻole Critical Care Surgeon.

He aha nā ʻeha a me nā maʻi nui a kēia poʻe loea e mālama ai?

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i kēlā me kēia makahiki, miliona mau kānaka a puni ka honua e ʻeha ana i nā ulia pōpilikia a hiki i nā keʻena pilikia o ka haukapila? ʻAʻole ʻokoʻa kēia kūlana ma Sri Lanka. ʻOiai ua hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻia kēia mau "Luna Hana ʻEha" e mālama i nā ʻano ʻeha like ʻole, aia kekahi mau kūlana a lākou e hālāwai pinepine ai a mālama ai:

ʻO ka ʻeha ikaika ʻole

ʻO kēia nā ʻeha e kū mai ana ke paʻi ikaika kekahi mea iā ʻoe (Blunt Force Trauma). E noʻonoʻo i nā mea e like me kahi ulia kaʻa, ka hāʻule ʻana mai kahi kiʻekiʻe, a i ʻole kahi mea kaumaha e hāʻule ana ma luna o kou kino. ʻO kēia nā manawa e pono pinepine ai ke ʻoki kino ulia pōpilikia. No ka mea, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pōʻino ma loko ma mua o ka mea i ʻike ʻia ma waho.

ʻO ka Trauma Komo

He ʻeha kēia i hana ʻia e kahi mea ʻoi e komo ana i ka ʻili a komo i loko o ke kino (Penetrating Trauma). ʻO nā laʻana e komo pū me kahi ʻeha pana pua, kahi ʻeha hou me ka pahi a i ʻole kekahi mea ʻoi ʻē aʻe, a i ʻole ka holo ʻana me kahi mea ʻoi. I loko o ia mau ʻeha, he mea nui loa e hoʻōki koke i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko a nānā i ka hōʻino ʻia o nā ʻōpū o loko.

Nā ʻeha kuni

Hoʻōla kēia mau kauka i nā kuni koʻikoʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ke ahi, nā wai wela, a me ka mahu ('thermal burns'). Hoʻōla pū lākou i nā kuni i hoʻokumu ʻia e nā kemika ('chemical burns'), ka hōʻino ʻana o ka māmā i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka hanu ʻana i nā uahi ʻawahia, a me ka 'frostbite', ʻo ia hoʻi ka make ʻana o ka ʻili a me nā ʻiʻo ma muli o ke anu nui.

ʻO ke ʻoki kino laulā ulia pōpilikia a me ka mālama koʻikoʻi

He nui nā (Trauma Surgeon) a me nā mea ʻē aʻeHoʻokomo pū lākou i nā ʻoki kino ulia pōpilikia. No ka laʻana, hiki iā lākou ke hana i ke ʻoki kino no nā kūlana hoʻoweliweli ola e like me ke ālai ʻana o ka ʻōpū. Hiki iā lākou ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i nā kūlana koʻikoʻi e ulu ana i kou wā ma ka haukapila, e like me ka sepsis (kahi maʻi koʻikoʻi i hoʻokumu ʻia e ka lāʻau make koko), ka hāʻule ʻana o ka hanu, a i ʻole ka hāʻule ʻana o nā ʻōpū.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau ulia pōpilikia a me nā ʻoki kino maʻamau a kēia mau kauka e hana ai?

I ka wā e loaʻa ai kahi ulia, hana kekahi "Luna Hoʻōla ʻEha" i nā ʻano lapaʻau a me nā ʻoki kino e hoʻōla ai i ke ola, ma ke ʻano hoʻokahi a i ʻole ma ka laulima ʻana me nā loea ʻē aʻe. ʻO kekahi o lākou:

• ʻO ka Thoracostomy Pōpilikia: Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia kaʻina hana (ʻO ka Thoracostomy Pōpilikia) inā piha kou lua umauma (a puni nā māmā) i ke koko a i ʻole inā hiolo koke kahi māmā (ʻO ka Lung Collapse). Pili kēia i ka hana ʻana i kahi ʻoki liʻiliʻi ma ka ʻili o ka umauma a me ka hoʻokomo ʻana i kahi "Chest Tube", kahi ʻōmole, kahi e wehe ʻia ai ke koko a i ʻole ka ea.
• ʻO ka Thoracotomy Pōpilikia: He ʻoki kino nui kēia. Hana ʻia ia no nā ʻeha umauma koʻikoʻi e hoʻoweliweli ana i ke ola a i ʻole he kaʻina hana ulia pōpilikia no nā ʻeha umauma ʻē aʻe. Wehe ʻia ka umauma a hoʻoponopono ʻia nā ʻōpū i hōʻino ʻia.
• Laparotomy Pōpilikia: ʻO kēia ke ʻoki ʻana i waenakonu o kou ʻōpū ('Laparotomy Pōpilikia'). Hiki ke hana ʻia kēia no ka mālama ʻana i kahi ʻeha koʻikoʻi o ka ʻōpū, hoʻōki i ke kahe koko i loko, a i ʻole ma ke ʻano he ʻāpana o kahi appendectomy pōpilikia.
• Ke kahe nui ʻana o ke koko a me ka kaohi ʻana i nā ʻeha: Ke komo ka ʻili a kahe nui ke koko ma muli o nā mea e like me ka ʻeha pana pua, ka ʻeha hou, a i ʻole kahi mea ʻoi, ʻo kekahi o nā hana nui a kēia mau kauka ke kaohi i ke kahe ʻana o ke koko, hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka ʻeha, a humuhumu iā ia inā pono .
• Hana like ʻana o ka Neurosurgery: Hana pinepine nā kauka ʻokiʻoki trauma me ka laulima ʻana me nā neurosurgeons, ʻoi aku hoʻi e mālama i nā ʻeha poʻo, e like me nā hematomas subdural a me nā ʻeha lolo traumatic.

Pehea e lilo ai kekahi i kahi Trauma Surgeon?

ʻAʻole maʻalahi ka lilo ʻana i loea e like me kēia. Pono ia i ka hana nui, ka hoʻolaʻa ʻana, a me ka lōʻihi o ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana. No ka laʻana, ma kahi ʻāina e like me ʻAmelika, ʻo ka lilo ʻana i "Trauma Surgeon" maʻamau e lawe ma kahi o 13 a 15 mau makahiki o ka hoʻonaʻauao ʻana. ʻO kēia kekahi:

• He kekelē ʻepekema kumu ʻehā makahiki.
• He hoʻonaʻauao kula lapaʻau ʻehā makahiki (kekelē lapaʻau).
• He papahana noho ʻelima makahiki. I loko o kēia manawa, loaʻa iā lākou ka hapa nui o kā lākou hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana ma ke ʻoki kino laulā.
• Ma hope o kēia, ua hoʻomaka ʻia kahi papahana hoʻomaʻamaʻa kūikawā hoʻokahi a ʻelua paha makahiki (ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo "Fellowship Program"). Maanei ʻoe e loaʻa ai ka ʻike loea a me ke aʻo ʻana ma ka "Critical Care" a me ka "Trauma".
• I kekahi manawa, i loko o kēia wā hoʻomaʻamaʻa noho, pono ʻoe e komo i ka noiʻi lapaʻau no hoʻokahi a ʻekolu mau makahiki.

ʻAʻole wale ia, pono lākou e hala i nā hoʻokolohua laikini lapaʻau o ka ʻāina pili (e like me ka US Medical Licensing Examination). Pono nō hoʻi lākou e loaʻa i kahi palapala hōʻoia ʻoki kino laulā a me kahi palapala hōʻoia subspecialty ma Surgical Critical Care mai nā papa lapaʻau kūikawā (e like me ka American Board of Surgery).

Loaʻa i kekahi mau kauka ʻokiʻoki trauma ke aʻo hou ʻia i ka mālama ʻana i nā ulia pōpilikia nui , ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā e ʻeha ai ka poʻe he nui i kahi ulia hoʻokahi (e like me ka pahū ʻana o ka pōkā, kahi pōʻino kūlohelohe koʻikoʻi, kahi ulia kaʻa nui).

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o ke Kauka Lapaʻau Nui a me ke Kauka Lapaʻau ʻEha?

He nīnau kēia a ka poʻe he nui e nīnau ai. ʻO kēlā me kēia (Trauma Surgeon) he kauka lapaʻau laulā mua loa. ʻO ia hoʻi, ua loaʻa iā lākou ke aʻo kumu ma ke ʻoki kino laulā. Akā ʻo ka ʻokoʻa nui , ua loaʻa iā (Trauma Surgeon) ke aʻo kūikawā (Fellowship) ma ka mālama koʻikoʻi a me ka trauma, a ua loaʻa iā ia kahi Surgical Critical Care Certification no kēlā. No laila, loaʻa iā lākou kahi hiki kūikawā e mālama i nā ʻeha pilikia, e hoʻoweliweli ana i ke ola.

He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o kahi kikowaena trauma a me kahi haukapila maʻamau?

ʻO kahi (Trauma Center), ʻo ia hoʻi, kahi kikowaena lapaʻau kūikawā no nā pilikia, he wahi ia i ʻokoʻa iki mai kahi haukapila maʻamau. ʻO ka mea nui, ʻo kahi (Trauma Center) he limahana lapaʻau i aʻo kūikawā ʻia, me kahi loea (Trauma Surgeon), hiki ke kāhea ʻia i nā hola 24 o ka lā, 7 mau lā o ka pule. Eia kekahi, loaʻa i kēia mau kikowaena nā mea āpau e pono ai ke kanaka i loaʻa i kahi ulia, e like me nā lako hou loa, nā hale waihona koko, nā lumi hana pilikia, a pēlā aku. Ma Sri Lanka, hana pū nā keʻena pilikia ma nā haukapila nui e like me kēia ma kahi pae kiʻekiʻe loa.

Ke hana nei kēia mau kauka i kēlā me kēia ʻeha? Ke hana hoʻokahi nei lākou?

He ʻāpana koʻikoʻi nā kauka ʻoki trauma o kahi hui lapaʻau nui.Hana pinepine lākou me nā kauka neurosurgeon a me nā kauka orthopedic, no ka mea, i loko o kahi ulia koʻikoʻi, hiki ke hōʻino ʻia ka lolo, ka iwi kuamoʻo, a i ʻole nā ​​iwi. I ia mau hihia, he mea nui ke kākoʻo o nā loea pili. Hana pū lākou me nā kauka, nā kahu maʻi, a me nā limahana olakino ʻē aʻe ma ka lumi pilikia e mālama i ka poʻe me nā ʻeha koʻikoʻi. ʻO ke ʻano kēia he hana hui.

ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo ka mea nui e hoʻomanaʻo

ʻAʻohe o mākou e manaʻo e kū i kahi ulia a i ʻole e pono ai ka mālama ulia pōpilikia no kahi maʻi e hoʻoweliweli ana i ke ola. Akā, me ka manaʻo ʻole ʻia, miliona mau kānaka e ʻike nei i kēia mau mea i kēlā me kēia makahiki, e koi ana i ka 'Mālama Koʻikoʻi' wikiwiki.

I nā manawa e like me kēia, i ke kaua ma waena o ke ola a me ka make, ʻo kēia mau "Trauma Surgeons" e kū nei ma nā laina mua e hakakā nei e hoʻopakele i nā ola.

Loaʻa iā lākou ke aʻo kūikawā a me ka ʻike waiwai nui. Hiki iā lākou ke ʻike koke i nā ʻano kūlana hoʻoweliweli ola like ʻole a hana i ka lāʻau lapaʻau a me ke ʻoki kino e pono ai. Inā ʻoe a i ʻole kekahi āu i ʻike ai e pono ai ke ʻoki kino ulia pōpilikia, ʻo kāu kauka ʻoki trauma, me nā kauka ʻē aʻe, ke kime e mālama iā ʻoe a hiki i kou hoʻōla ʻana. ʻO ia ke kumu he mea waiwai nui nā lawelawe a kēia mau kauka. Ua like lākou me nā koa i mele ʻole ʻia o ko kākou kaiāulu.

Nā ulia pōpilikia, nā kauka lapaʻau, nā kauka lapaʻau ʻeha, ka mālama ʻana i nā pilikia, nā ʻeha, nā ʻoki kino, nā kiaʻi ola