Loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi diabetes? A i ʻole he ʻohana a he hoaaloha paha e ʻeha nei i kēia maʻi? A laila ua ʻike paha ʻoe i ke koʻikoʻi o ka kaohi ʻana i ke 'Blood Sugar', ʻo ia hoʻi, ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō i loko o ke koko. Akā i kekahi manawa, ʻoiai ke ʻano o kā mākou hoʻāʻo ʻana, hiki ke lilo i mea hiki ʻole ke kaohi. No laila, he aha ka mea e hana maoli ai ke hana ʻia kēlā? He mea hiki ke lawe māmā ʻia kēia? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i kēia kumuhana koʻikoʻi loa i kēia lā.
He aha ke ʻano o kēia nalowale ʻana o ke kaohi ʻana i ke kō koko?
I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, ʻo ia hoʻi, ua kiʻekiʻe loa a haʻahaʻa paha nā pae glucose o kou koko, he mea weliweli ia.
E noʻonoʻo e pili ana i ia mea, pono nā ʻāpana o ko kākou kino i ka ikehu e hana ai. ʻO ka glucose ka wahie nui no kēia ikehu, ʻo ia hoʻi ke kō. Loaʻa iā kākou kēia glucose mai nā meaʻai a kākou e ʻai ai, ʻoiai nā meaʻai i loaʻa nā kalapona (starches). Ke ʻai kākou, hana ko kākou kino i kahi hormone i kapa ʻia ʻo insulin . Hana kēia insulin e like me ke kī e wehe ai i ka puka no ka glucose e komo i loko o nā ʻāpana.
He pilikia ko ke kanaka me ka maʻi diabetes me kēia kaʻina hana. I ke kanaka me ka maʻi diabetes Type 1, ʻaʻole lawa ka insulin i hana ʻia e ke kino. I ke kanaka me ka maʻi diabetes Type 2, hana ke kino i ka insulin, akā ʻaʻole pane pono nā cell iā ia. No nā kumu ʻelua, hōʻiliʻili ke kō i loko o ke koko a piʻi aʻe nā pae.
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko i kāohi ʻole ʻia no ka manawa lōʻihi e alakaʻi ai i nā pilikia olakino koʻikoʻi loa. He mea kēia e pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia e ka poʻe me ka maʻi diabetes a me ka poʻe ʻaʻohe maʻi diabetes.
He aha nā pae kō koko e hiki ke hoʻoweliweli?
E haʻi pololei aku kāu kauka iā ʻoe i ke ʻano o ke kō koko olakino nou, akā ma ke ʻano laulā, e makaʻala kākou i nā pae e hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ka mea me ka maʻi diabetes.
| Kūlana | Pae Kō koko (mg/dL) | Wehewehena |
|---|---|---|
| Ke kō koko kiʻekiʻe (Hyperglycemia) | ʻOi aku ma mua o 180 mg/dL (2 mau hola ma hope o ka ʻai ʻana) | He pae kēia e hopohopo ai. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka pae, ʻo ka nui aʻe o ka pōʻino. |
| Ke kō koko haʻahaʻa (Hypoglycemia) | Ma lalo o 70 mg/dL | He pae kēia e pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia. |
| Pae pilikia kiʻekiʻe (kiʻekiʻe) | Ma luna o 600 mg/dL | He kūlana hoʻoweliweli kēia i ke ola e pono ai ka mālama olakino ulia pōpilikia. |
| Pae pilikia kiʻekiʻe (haʻahaʻa) | Ma lalo o 40 mg/dL | Hiki i kēia ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola a pono e mālama koke ʻia. |
Pehea ka manaʻo ke kiʻekiʻe ke kō koko (Hyperglycemia)?
ʻAʻole paha ʻoe e ʻike i ka ʻokoʻa nui ke kiʻekiʻe kou kō koko. Hiki ke hala nā lā a i ʻole nā pule no ka ʻike ʻia ʻana o nā hōʻailona. ʻO nā hōʻailona nui:
- Manaʻo nui aku i ka make wai ma mua o ka maʻamau
- ʻIke pōwehiwehi
- Pono pinepine e mimi
- Manaʻo pōloli ma mua o ka maʻamau
- Manaʻo luhi loa
- Loaʻa pinepine ʻana o nā maʻi ʻili
- He manawa ka manawa e ho'ōla ai i nā ʻeha.
Pehea ka manaʻo o ke kō koko haʻahaʻa (hypoglycemia)?
Inā ʻoe e lawe i ka insulin a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau hoʻohaʻahaʻa kō ʻē aʻe, aia ʻoe i ka pilikia o ke kō koko haʻahaʻa. ʻO nā kumu nui o kēia, ʻo ia nā mea e like me ka hoʻoikaika kino, ka ʻai ʻole i ka manawa kūpono, a me ka inu ʻana i ka waiʻona. Hiki ke loaʻa kēia ʻano maʻi i nā poʻe me ka ʻole o ka maʻi diabetes. ʻO nā hōʻailona:
- Manaʻo e haʻalulu ana kou kino
- Keʻokeʻo , ka hou ʻana
- Hopohopo , manaʻolana ʻole
- Pololi loa ka manaʻo
- Luhi nui
- Manaʻo poniuniu , milo, a milo paha
- Nā palpitations o ka puʻuwai
I nā manawa e like me kēia, hiki i ka inu ʻana i kahi mea me kahi kō liʻiliʻi (kahi mea inu hua, kahi mea inu ʻono) a i ʻole ka lawe ʻana i kahi papa glucose ke hāʻawi i ka hōʻoluʻolu.
Nā pilikia e kū mai inā ʻaʻole i kaohi ʻia ke kō koko no ka manawa lōʻihi
ʻAʻole kēia he pāʻani maoli. ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko no ka manawa lōʻihi e hiki ke hoʻopilikia iā ʻoe mai ke poʻo a ka wāwae.
- Maʻi Puʻuwai/Hoʻouka: Hoʻonui ka hōʻino ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko i ka pilikia o ka hoʻouka puʻuwai.
- Hahau: ʻO ka hōʻino ʻana i nā kīʻaha koko e hiki ai i ka lolo ke hana i ka maʻi lolo.
- Poino o nā puʻupaʻa: I ka hala ʻana o ka manawa, hiki i nā puʻupaʻa ke hāʻule.
- Ka pōʻino o ke aʻalolo: Hiki i kēia ke hoʻoulu i ka mae ʻana, ka ʻeha, a me ka nalowale o ka ʻike ma nā lālā.
- Poino Maka: Hiki ke lilo ka ʻike i mea ʻino a hiki ke makapō.
- Nā pilikia ʻili: Hiki ke loaʻa nā maʻi ʻili a me nā ʻeha e ho'ōla ʻole ʻia.
Āhea ʻoe e ʻike koke ai i ke kauka?
He mau pilikia olakino nā pae kō koko kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa. Inā ʻaʻole mālama koke ʻia, hiki iā lākou ke alakaʻi i ka nalowale o ka ʻike (diabetic coma). Inā ʻike ʻoe i kekahi me ka maʻi diabetes i ʻike ʻole, e lawe koke iā lākou i ka lumi pilikia o ka haukapila (ETU).
E makaʻala pono i nā pilikia ʻelua ma hope nei.
| Kūlana Pilikia | Ka wehewehe a me nā ʻano |
|---|---|
| ʻO ka Ketoacidosis Diabetic (DKA) | Ke lawa ʻole ka insulin, ʻaʻole hiki i nā pūnaewele ke hoʻohana i ke kō. A laila puhi ke kino i ka momona no ka ikehu. Hoʻopuka kēia i nā kemika i kapa ʻia he ketones . Hōʻiliʻili kēia mau mea i loko o ke koko, e hoʻolilo ana i ke koko i waikawa a hiki ke hoʻoweliweli i ke ola. Nā Hōʻailona: Paʻakikī ka hanu ʻana, luaʻi ʻana, luhi loa, ʻala hua o ka hanu, ʻili maloʻo, makewai nui. |
| ʻO ka maʻi Hyperosmolar Hyperglycemic (HHS) | Maanei, piʻi aʻe ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko ma luna o 600 mg/dL . He mea weliweli loa kēia. Nā ʻano:Ka makewai nui (hiki ke nalo ma hope), ke kuni, ka hiamoe, ka huikau, ka nāwaliwali ma kekahi ʻaoʻao o ke kino, ka nalowale o ka ʻike, nā mea huna. |
| He aha kāu e hana ai i nā manawa e like me kēia? | |
Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ke kō koko ma mua o 240 mg/dL, e hoʻohana i kahi ʻāpana hoʻāʻo ketone urine. Inā waena a kiʻekiʻe paha ka pae, e kāhea koke i kāu kauka. Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe nā hōʻailona o DKA a i ʻole HHS, e hele i ka Emergency Department (ETU) me ka kānalua ʻole. | |
Pehea e hiki ai ke pale ʻia kēia mau kūlana weliweli?
ʻAʻole kēia he mea hiki iā ʻoe ke hana hoʻokahi. He mea ia e pono ai ʻoe, kou ʻohana, a me kāu kauka e hana pū.
- E hana pū me kāu kauka: E nīnau pololei iā lākou i kāu mau pahuhopu kō koko, he aha ka mea e hana ai inā haʻahaʻa loa lākou, a he aha ka mea e hana ai inā maʻi ʻoe. E hahai pono i kā lākou mau kuhikuhi.
- E nānā pinepine i kou pae kō koko: E nānā i kou pae kō koko i nā manawa he nui i ka lā e like me ka ʻōlelo a kāu kauka iā ʻoe. Me ka ʻenehana hou i loaʻa i kēia lā, aia kekahi mau mea hana e ana mau ana i nā pae kō koko (Continuous Glucose Monitors).
- E hoʻohana i kāu lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha: E lawe i ka insulin a i ʻole nā lāʻau lapaʻau ʻē aʻe i ka manawa kūpono, ma ka nui kūpono. ʻO ka hōʻole ʻana a i ʻole ka lawe ʻana i ka nui o ka lāʻau lapaʻau ke kumu o nā pilikia he nui.
- E aʻo e pili ana i kou kino: E hoʻomaopopo pehea e pili ai nā mea e like me ka meaʻai āu e ʻai ai, ka hoʻoikaika kino āu e hana ai, a me ke kaumaha i kou pae kō koko. A laila hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻololi e like me ia.
- E makaʻala i kāu papaʻai: E ʻike i nā meaʻai e hoʻonui ai i ke kō koko a me nā meaʻai e kaohi iā ia (e.g., nā meaʻai kiʻekiʻe i ka fiber). He mea nui loa nō hoʻi ka ʻai ʻana i ka manawa kūpono.
Leka Lawe-Home
- He mea weliweli loa nā pae kō koko kiʻekiʻe (hyperglycemia) a me ka haʻahaʻa (hypoglycemia) i kāohi ʻole ʻia.
- ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ke kō koko i kaohi ʻole ʻia i ka hala ʻana o ka manawa hiki ke alakaʻi i nā pilikia koʻikoʻi e like me ka maʻi puʻuwai, nā maʻi puʻupaʻa, ka hahau ʻana, ka hōʻino ʻana o nā aʻalolo, a me ka makapō.
- E makaʻala mau i nā hōʻailona hōʻike o ke kō koko kiʻekiʻe a haʻahaʻa (e like me ka make wai, ka haʻalulu, ka ʻike maka pōwehiwehi).
- I nā kūlana ulia pōpilikia e like me DKA a me HHS, he mea nui e hele koke i ka Emergency Treatment Unit (ETU) o ka haukapila.
- E mālama pono i kāu maʻi diabetes. E hahai i nā ʻōlelo a kāu kauka, e hoʻāʻo mau i kou kō koko, e lawe i kāu mau lāʻau lapaʻau e like me ke kauoha, a e noho i kahi nohona olakino.
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