Ke hopohopo nei ʻoe no ka ʻū mau? E kamaʻilio kākou e pili ana i ka maʻi puʻupuʻu (TB)

Loaʻa iā ʻoe kekahi ʻūlū i hala aku nei no ʻelua pule? Malia paha ua ʻoluʻolu iki ʻoe a luhi hoʻi i ka manawa like? Hoʻopoina pinepine mākou i kēlā mau mea, me ka manaʻo he anu wale nō ia. Akā i kekahi manawa hiki ke lilo i mea e pono ai ka nānā hou aku. I kēia lā ke kamaʻilio nei mākou e pili ana i ka maʻi puʻupuʻu, a i ʻole TB e like me kā mākou e ʻike nei, kahi maʻi i ʻike ʻia ma ko mākou ʻāina, akā hiki ke ho'ōla piha ʻia inā mālama pono ʻia.

I ka ʻōlelo maʻalahi, he aha ka maʻi Tuberculosis?

He maʻi ka maʻi puʻupuʻu i hoʻokumu ʻia e kahi maʻi bacteria. Hoʻokumu ʻia ia e kahi ʻano bacteria i kapa ʻia ʻo 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis' . Hoʻopilikia nui kēia maʻi i ko kākou mau māmā. Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi mau hihia, hiki i kēia bacteria ke laha i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, no ka laʻana, i ko kākou iwi kuamoʻo, ka lolo, a me nā puʻupaʻa.

Akā eia kekahi mea nui e ʻike ai. ʻAʻole e maʻi nā kānaka a pau i loaʻa i ka maʻi TB. Loaʻa i kekahi poʻe ka bacteria i loko o ko lākou kino akā ʻaʻole lākou e hōʻike i kekahi mau hōʻailona, ​​​​"hiamoe wale nō." Kāhea mākou i kēia ʻano he TB latent . Aia kekahi poʻe i loaʻa iā ia i ko lākou ola a pau me ka ʻole o nā hōʻailona.

He aha nā hōʻailona o ka TB hana?

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka TB latent, ʻaʻohe ou hōʻailona. Eia nō naʻe, me ka TB hana, hiki iā ʻoe ke ʻike i hoʻokahi a ʻoi aku paha o kēia mau hōʻailona. He mea nui loa ka makaʻala i kēia mau mea.

ʻO ka maʻi puʻupuʻu ma waho o ka puʻuwai

E like me kā mākou i ʻōlelo ai ma mua, ʻaʻole i kaupalena ʻia nā bacteria TB i nā māmā. Hiki iā lākou ke hele i nā ʻāpana ʻē aʻe o ke kino, e hana ana i nā hōʻailona kūikawā i kēlā ʻōkana.

• Inā pilikia ka lolo: Hiki i ka meningitis ke hoʻoulu i kahi maʻi o nā membrane e uhi ana i ka lolo.
• Inā pilikia ka iwi kuamoʻo: Hiki ke loaʻa kahi maʻi i kapa ʻia ʻo "ka maʻi Pott", e hōʻeha ai i ke kua a me ka sciatica.
• Inā pilikia nā lymph nodes: Ka pehu ʻana o nā lymph nodes ma nā wahi e like me ka ʻāʻī.

Pehea e laha ai ka maʻi puʻupuʻu mai kekahi kanaka a i kekahi kanaka?

He mea nui loa kēia. Hoʻolaha ʻia ka maʻi puʻupuʻu ma ka lewa. Ke ʻū, kihe, kamaʻilio, hīmeni, a ʻakaʻaka paha ke kanaka me ka maʻi puʻupuʻu pulmonary, hoʻokuʻu ʻia nā bacteria i ka lewa me nā kulu liʻiliʻi. Inā hanu kahi kanaka olakino kokoke i kēia ea, hiki i nā bacteria ke komo i loko o ko lākou kino.

E noʻonoʻo ua loaʻa i kekahi ma kāu wahi hana ka ʻū no nā mahina. Hoʻowahāwahā lākou iā ia. Inā ʻolua e hana pū ana ma ka lumi hoʻokahi i kēlā me kēia lā, aia kahi pilikia o ka hoʻolaha ʻana i ka maʻi.

ʻO wai ka mea i ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi tuberculosis?

ʻOiai hiki i kekahi ke loaʻa i ka maʻi puʻupuʻu, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka pilikia o kekahi poʻe.

ʻO nā kānaka i ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o ka maʻi:

• ʻO ka poʻe i noho a i hele paha i kahi ʻāina kahi i maʻamau ai ka maʻi puʻupuʻu.
• ʻO ka poʻe e noho pū ana me kahi kanaka me ka maʻi puʻupuʻu a i ʻole e pili kokoke ana me ia.
• ʻO ka poʻe e hana ana a noho paha i nā wahi piha kanaka e like me nā kahua hoʻomoana, nā kahua hoʻomoana puʻuhonua, a me nā hale mālama.
• ʻO ka poʻe e hana ana ma ka ʻoihana olakino.

ʻO nā kānaka i ʻoi aku ka pilikia o ka loaʻa ʻana o nā maʻi hana:

ʻOi aku ka nui o ka loaʻa ʻana o kahi maʻi ola i kēia poʻe inā komo ka maʻi i loko o ko lākou kino. ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia, he nāwaliwali ka ʻōnaehana pale maʻi.

• Nā kānaka i loaʻa i ka maʻi HIV
• Nā keiki ʻōpio a me nā poʻe ʻelemākule
• ʻO nā kānaka me nā maʻi mau e like me ka maʻi diabetes a me nā maʻi puʻupaʻa
• Nā kānaka e hana ana i ka chemotherapy no ka maʻi kanesa
• ʻO ka poʻe i hana ʻia i nā hoʻoili kino
• Nā kānaka e hoʻokomo i nā lāʻau lapaʻau
• Nā kānaka e ʻeha nei i ka ʻai ʻole

Pehea e hōʻoia ai ke kauka i kēia maʻi?

Inā kānalua ʻoe he maʻi puʻupuʻu kou, pono ʻoe e ʻike i ke kauka . E nīnau ke kauka iā ʻoe e pili ana i kāu mau hōʻailona, ​​​​e nānā iā ʻoe, a laila e kauoha i kekahi mau hoʻokolohua e hōʻoia i ka maʻi.

• Hoʻāʻo sputum: ʻO kēia ka hoʻāʻo koʻikoʻi loa. Lawe ʻia kahi hāpana o kou sputum a nānā ʻia ma lalo o kahi microscope e ʻike inā loaʻa nā bacteria TB.
• X-ray o ka umauma: Hiki i kēia ke nānā i nā loli i loko o nā māmā ma muli o ka maʻi.
• Hoʻāʻo ʻili (hoʻāʻo Mantoux): Hoʻokomo ʻia kahi liʻiliʻi o ka hopena protein ma lalo o ka ʻili a nānā ʻia ka ʻāpana no ka pehu ʻana ma hope o 48-72 mau hola.
• Nā hoʻāʻo koko: Hiki ke ʻike ʻia kēia maʻi ma o kekahi mau hoʻāʻo koko hou.

He aha nā lāʻau lapaʻau no ka maʻi puʻupuʻu?

Eia ka nūhou maikaʻi. He maʻi hiki ke ho'ōla piha ʻia ka maʻi puʻupuʻu. Hoʻōla ʻia me ka hui pū ʻana o kekahi mau lāʻau antibiotic kikoʻī.

ʻO kekahi o nā lāʻau lapaʻau i kuhikuhi pinepine ʻia:

• ʻIsoniazid
• ʻO ka Rifampin
• ʻEthambutol
• ʻO Pyrazinamide

Hiki ke loaʻa kēia mau lāʻau lapaʻau me ka uku ʻole mai nā keʻena lapaʻau umauma aupuni.

Pehea e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke pale iā ʻoe iho mai ka maʻi puʻupuʻu?

• Palekana BCG: Ma ko mākou ʻāina, hāʻawi ʻia ka palekana BCG i kahi keiki i kona wā hānau e pale aku iā ia mai ka maʻi puʻupuʻu. Hāʻawi kēia i ka pale ʻana i nā maʻi puʻupuʻu koʻikoʻi (ʻoi aku hoʻi ʻo 'TB Meningitis') hiki ke loaʻa i nā keiki ʻōpio.
• Nā hana hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi: E uhi i kou waha a me kou ihu me kahi ʻili pepa a i ʻole kou kuʻekuʻe lima i ka wā e ʻū ai a ʻūhā paha.
• Ea maikaʻi: E hoʻomau i ka holo maikaʻi ʻana o ka ea ma nā hale a me nā wahi hana.
• Inā he kanaka maʻi ʻoe: Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe ka maʻi puʻupuʻu ikaika, e pale i ka launa pū ʻana me nā poʻe ʻē aʻe no nā pule mua ma hope o ka hoʻomaka ʻana o ka lāʻau lapaʻau. E ʻimi i ka ʻōlelo aʻo a kāu kauka.
• ʻAi momona: ʻO ka ʻai ʻana i ka meaʻai kaulike e hiki ke kōkua i ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana pale o ke kino ma kahi pae maikaʻi.

Inā loaʻa iā ʻoe kēia mau hōʻailona, ​​a inā paha ua launa pū ʻoe me kekahi mea i loaʻa i ka maʻi TB, mai makaʻu a hilahila paha e ʻike koke i kāu kauka . ʻO ka wikiwiki o kou hiki ke ʻike i ka maʻi a hoʻomaka i ka mālama ʻana, ʻo ka wikiwiki hoʻi e hiki ai iā ʻoe ke hoʻōla a pale i nā poʻe ʻē aʻe mai ka maʻi ʻana.