ʻO wai nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa maoli? ʻO ka mea e pono ai ʻoe e ʻike e pili ana i kēia mau kukui liʻiliʻi (Lightning Bugs / Fireflies)

Ua ʻike anei ʻoe i nā kukui liʻiliʻi e ʻālohilohi ana a e ʻālohilohi ana i kou hele ʻana i waho i ka pā hale i ka pō, a i ʻole i kou hele ʻana ma ke alanui kauhale? E like me nā hōkū liʻiliʻi. Nānā mākou iā lākou me ka hoihoi. Kāhea mākou i kēia mau pepeke liʻiliʻi he 'nā pepeke uila'. Aia kekahi mau ʻoiaʻiʻo hoihoi a kupanaha e pili ana i kēia mau hoaaloha hāʻawi kukui liʻiliʻi ma mua o ko mākou manaʻo. I kēia lā e kamaʻilio mākou e pili ana i kēia mau ʻōpeʻapeʻa, a i ʻole "Nā Pepeke Uila" a i ʻole "Nā Fireflies" e like me kā lākou i kapa ʻia ai ma ka ʻōlelo Pelekania.

ʻO wai maoli kēia mau mea puhi ahi?

ʻO ka mea mua, ʻo ka mea nui e ʻōlelo ai, ʻaʻole nā ​​​​​​pūahi he ʻano lele maoli. ʻOiai ka huaʻōlelo "lele" ma ko lākou inoa, he ʻano beetle maoli nō lākou. ʻO ka pololei, no ka ʻohana beetle `(Lampyridae).` Aia ma mua o 2,000 mau ʻano o kēia mau pūahi ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa.

E noʻonoʻo i ke kupaianaha o ke ola o kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi. ʻO ka hapa nui o ka manawa, waiho ka wahine i kāna mau hua ma ka lepo pulu. Noho nā larvae i puka mai kēia mau hua ma lalo o ka honua i ka hoʻoilo. A laila i ka pūnāwai, hoʻopuʻupuʻu lākou a lilo i mau ʻōpeʻapeʻa lele a mākou e ʻike ai.

No laila he aha ka mea a kēia mau ʻōpeʻapeʻa e ʻai ai? ʻO kekahi mau ʻano ʻōpeʻapeʻa, ʻoiai i ko lākou wā larval, he ʻai ʻiʻo. ʻO ke ʻano kēia, hahai holoholona lākou a ʻai i nā holoholona liʻiliʻi e like me nā nahesa a me nā ilo. Hoʻokomo lākou i kahi kemika mai ko lākou kino i loko o ka mea pio, e hoʻomake ana iā ia a laila ʻai iā ia. Eia naʻe, ʻai pinepine nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa makua i nā mea e like me ka nectar a me ka pollen. ʻO ka mea kupaianaha, ola kekahi mau ʻano ʻōpeʻapeʻa makua me ka ʻai ʻole i kekahi mea !

Pehea lā e puka mai ai ka mālamalama mai loko mai o kēia kino liʻiliʻi?

ʻO ka nīnau nui loa iā mākou ke ʻike mākou i kahi firefly, "Pehea e hoʻopuka ai kēia mea liʻiliʻi i ka mālamalama?" He hana olaola kupaianaha kēia. Ua kapa ʻia ʻo bioluminescence.

He mau ʻōkana hoʻopuka mālamalama kūikawā ko nā ʻāhiu ma ko lākou ʻaoʻao lalo. Loaʻa i kēia mau ʻōkana ʻelua mau kemika.

1. Luciferin: He pigment e kōkua i ka hoʻopuka ʻana i ka mālamalama.

2. Luciferase: He enzyme e hoʻoulu ai i kahi hopena kemika.

I ke alo o ka oxygen, hui pū kēia luciferin a me ka luciferase a pane me kekahi kumu ikehu ʻē aʻe, kahi molekala i kapa ʻia ʻo ``(ATP)``. Hoʻopuka ʻia ka mālamalama ma muli o kēia pane.

ʻO ka mea kūikawā, he "kukui anu" kēia. ʻO ia hoʻi, ʻaʻole ia e hoʻonele i ka ikehu ma ke ʻano he wela e like me nā kukui uila a mākou e hoʻohana nei. Kokoke i ka 100% o ka ikehu i hoʻohana ʻia ua hoʻololi ʻia i mālamalama. ʻO kēia ke kumu kukui kūpono loa ma ka honua!

He mea ʻawahia anei nā ʻāhiu iā kākou? Ke nahu nei lākou?

He pilikia kēia i loaʻa i nā poʻe he nui. Hiki i nā mākua ke hopohopo no kēia, ʻoiai makemake nā keiki ʻōpio e hoʻopā i nā ʻāhiu.

ʻO ka nūhou maikaʻi loa, ʻaʻole loa he mea ʻino nā ʻāhiu i nā kānaka . ʻAʻohe o lākou niho e hiki ke nahu iā kākou. A ʻaʻole lākou e hoʻoili i nā maʻi i nā kānaka. Hiki iā ʻoe ke paʻa palekana i kahi ʻāhiu i kou lima, e nānā i kona mālamalama, a laila e hoʻokuʻu mālie iā ia.

Eia nō naʻe, aia kahi "akā" liʻiliʻi ma aneʻi. ʻOiai ʻaʻole make nā ʻōpeʻapeʻa i nā kānaka, hiki iā lākou ke make i nā holoholona ʻē aʻe e hoʻāʻo nei e ʻai iā lākou. Hoʻopuka kekahi mau ʻano ʻōpeʻapeʻa i nā steroid pale i kapa ʻia ʻo "lucibufagins" i loko o ko lākou kino. He mau kemika ʻawahia kēia me kahi ʻono ʻoluʻolu ʻole.

E noʻonoʻo inā e hoʻāʻo ana kahi moʻo, nananana, ʻiole, a i ʻole he nalo ahi e ʻai iā ia, e ʻike lākou i kēia ʻono ʻoluʻolu ʻole. He mea ʻawahia ia a hiki ke hoʻomaʻi iā lākou. No laila, ʻo ka holoholona i ʻai i kahi nalo ahi i hoʻokahi manawa a loaʻa i ka pilikia, ʻaʻole loa ia e nānā hou i kēlā kukui. Penei ke pale ʻana o nā nalo ahi iā lākou iho.

No ke aha e hoʻā ai nā mea kinai ahi i ke ahi?

Ua like kēia mau hōʻailona kukui me ka ʻōlelo a nā ʻāhiu. Hoʻohana lākou i kēia kukui no ʻelua mau kumu nui.

1. E huli i hoa: Hoʻālohilohi nā ʻāhiu kāne i ko lākou mau kukui ma ke ʻano kikoʻī i ko lākou lele ʻana. Me he mea lā e ʻōlelo ana lākou, "Eia wau ma ʻaneʻi, ʻo wai ka makemake i hoʻokahi?" Inā makemake ka wahine ma ka honua i kēia ʻano, e pane ʻo ia ma ka hoʻālohilohi ʻana i kāna mau kukui i hoʻokahi manawa. He ʻano kū hoʻokahi ko kēlā me kēia ʻano.

2. Hoʻoweliweli i nā mea ʻaihue: E like me ka mea i ʻōlelo ʻia ma mua, kōkua kēia kukui i ka hoʻomaopopo ʻana i nā mea ʻaihue he mea ʻawahia (hoʻopailua) ko lākou kino.

Eia nō naʻe, i kekahi manawa, hoʻopilikia kēia kukui i nā ʻāhiu. Aia nā ʻāhiu wahine o ka genus `(Photuris)`, e hoʻopuka ana i nā ʻano kukui e like me nā ʻāhiu wahine o kekahi genus ʻē aʻe `(Photinus)`, a huki lākou i nā kāne, pepehi iā lākou, a ʻai iā lākou! He ʻano kupaianaha a ʻano lokoino kēia o ke ʻano.

Ke pau nei anei nā ʻāhiu?

ʻO ka nūhou kaumaha, ʻae. Ke emi koke nei ka heluna o kēia mau mea liʻiliʻi a kākou e aloha nei a puni ka honua. ʻO ke kumu nui o kēia, ʻo ia hoʻi, kā kākou mau hana kanaka.

• Ka Haumia o ke Kukui: ʻO nā kukui mālamalama i loko o nā kūlanakauhale a me nā hale e ālai i nā hōʻailona kukui a nā fireflies e hoʻohana ai e loaʻa ai kā lākou mau hoa, hiki ke lilo i mea keakea nui i kā lākou hānau hou ʻana.
• Ka Nalowale ʻana o ka Noho ʻAna: Ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia nā wahi pulu, nā ululāʻau, a me nā lau nahele kahi e noho ai nā ʻūlili a kūkulu ʻia nā hale, ʻaʻohe wahi e noho ai. ʻOiai ʻaʻole maʻa nā ʻūlili i ka neʻe ʻana i nā wahi hou, inā nalowale ko lākou home, e nalowale koke lākou ma laila.
• Ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā lāʻau pesticides: ʻO nā lāʻau pesticides i hoʻohana ʻia i ka mahiʻai a me ka māla e pepehi i nā fireflies a me kā lākou larvae.

ʻOiai mākou e aloha nei i ka nani o nā nalo ahi, ke kōkua nei mākou me ka ʻike ʻole i ko lākou hoʻopau ʻia ʻana mai kēia ao.