Thaum koj nyeem ntawv xov xwm lossis saib lub qhov rais, puas yog cov kab ncaj nraim hauv nws zoo li ncab me ntsis thiab ntsws? Puas muaj qee qhov chaw zoo li dub lossis zoo li qhov chaw khoob? Yog tias koj xav tias muaj qee yam zoo li no, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej nws. Vim tias nws yuav yog teeb meem nrog ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm koj lub qhov muag. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog kev sim yooj yim heev uas yuav pab koj yooj yim nrhiav cov teeb meem zoo li no hauv tsev.
Amsler Grid no yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, daim Amsler grid yog ib lub cuab yeej tshuaj xyuas qhov muag uas tuaj yeem yooj yim xyuas seb puas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm koj lub zeem muag. Nws yog daim ntawv qhia uas zoo li tus pas ntsuas plaub fab. Nws muaj ntau lub plaub fab thiab kab, thiab ib lub cim me me nyob hauv nruab nrab.
Tam sim no cia peb saib seb muaj dab tsi tshwm sim rau qhov no. Xav txog tias peb lub qhov muag yog lub koob yees duab. Tom qab ntawd lub retina hauv lub qhov muag yog daim zaj duab xis ntawm lub koob yees duab ntawd. Daim duab peb pom raug kaw rau ntawm lub retina no. Qhov tseem ceeb thiab rhiab tshaj plaws ntawm lub retina no uas pab thaij cov duab meej tshaj plaws thiab ntse tshaj plaws hu ua macula . Thaum peb nyeem ib phau ntawv, saib ib tug neeg lub ntsej muag, lossis tsav tsheb, lub macula no pab ua txhua yam haujlwm no.
Yog li ntawd, yog tias lub macula raug puas tsuaj vim muaj qee yam kab mob, tej yam uas peb pom yuav pib zoo li tsis meej ('metamorphopsia'). Cov kab ncaj zoo li tsis meej, qee qhov chaw tsis meej, thiab cov pob dub tshwm sim. Qhov no yog qhov uas Amsler grid pab peb ntes tau txawm tias qhov kev hloov pauv me me. Tsis yog li ntawd xwb, nws tseem pab qhia koj tus kws kho qhov muag qhov twg qhov tsis meej uas koj pom yog. Tom qab ntawd nws tuaj yeem nkag siab qhov teeb meem nyob qhov twg hauv macula.
Qhov kev xeem no tseem ceeb rau hom mob twg?
Lub Amsler grid muaj txiaj ntsig zoo heev rau kev kuaj mob uas yuav cuam tshuam rau qhov chaw ntawm lub qhov muag thiab rau kev saib xyuas kev hloov pauv hauv nws. Cov kws kho mob qhia cov neeg uas muaj cov mob hauv qab no kom ua qhov kev kuaj no txhua hnub, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog vim tias yog tias pom kev hloov pauv thaum ntxov, kev pom kev tsis pom kev mus tas li tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau.
- Macular degeneration (ob hom qhuav thiab ntub)
- Cov kua dej sib sau ua ke hauv qab lub retina (Central serous retinopathy)
- Neovascularization ( cov hlab ntsha tshiab tsim hauv lub qhov muag )
- Cov pob dub lossis qhov tsis pom kev (scotomas)
- Kev tsim ib daim nyias nyias ntawm lub macula (macular pucker / epiretinal membrane)
- Mob cystoid macular edema
- Macular edema uas cuam tshuam nrog ntshav qab zib
- Cov qog nqaij hlav ntawm lub qog pituitary - Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem nrog kev pom kev hauv ob lub qhov muag (bilateral hemianopia).
- Kev puas tsuaj ntawm lub qhov muag los ntawm kev sib tsoo ntawm lub qhov muag
- Lwm yam kab mob ntawm lub retina uas ua rau pom kev tsis meej tam sim ntawd
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, lub Amsler grid kuj tseem siv los kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj teeb meem nrog lub macula ua ntej phais mob cataract.
Yuav siv Amsler Grid li cas hauv tsev?
Qhov no yooj yim heev. Yog tias koj tus kws kho mob muab daim ntawv qhia zoo li no rau koj siv hauv tsev, ua raws nraim li nws hais (feem ntau txhua hnub). Ua raws li cov kauj ruam hauv qab no.
| Cov kauj ruam | Yuav ua li cas |
|---|---|
| 1. Kev Npaj | Yog koj hnav tsom iav los yog tsom iav sib cuag , ces muab tso rau. Zaum rau hauv ib qho chaw uas muaj teeb pom kev zoo thiab tuav daim ntawv qhia no ntawm qhov deb uas koj ib txwm nyeem phau ntawv (kwv yees li 12-15 ntiv tes). |
| 2. Xyuas ib lub qhov muag | Maj mam kaw ib lub qhov muag nrog ib sab tes. Siv lwm lub qhov muag, tsuas saib lub cim dub hauv nruab nrab ntawm daim ntawv qhia xwb. Tsis txhob txav koj lub taub hau, saib lub cim ntawd. |
| 3. Cov lus nug uas yuav tsum nug koj tus kheej | Thaum koj saib lub cim hauv nruab nrab, nug koj tus kheej cov lus nug no:
|
| 4. Xyuas lwm lub qhov muag | Tam sim no qhib lub qhov muag uas tau kaw ua ntej, kaw lwm lub qhov muag, thiab rov ua cov kauj ruam saum toj no rau lub qhov muag ntawd. |
Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws: Yog tias koj teb "tsis yog" rau ib qho ntawm cov lus nug saum toj no thaum koj ua qhov kev xeem no, txhais tau tias koj pom muaj kev hloov pauv lossis qhov tsis zoo, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho qhov muag tam sim ntawd yam tsis muaj kev ncua. Tsis txhob xav qhov no yooj yim.
Puas muaj lwm hom Amsler Grid?
Yog lawm. Marc Amsler, tus kws kho qhov muag Swiss uas tau tsim Amsler grid, tau qhia txog 7 hom sib txawv ntawm nws. Peb feem ntau tham txog thawj hom (Daim Ntawv Qhia 1). Tab sis lwm hom kuj tseem muaj txiaj ntsig zoo rau cov xwm txheej tshwj xeeb.
- Daim Ntawv Qhia 1: Qhov no yog hom tseem ceeb thiab feem ntau siv. Nws muaj cov kab dub rau ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau dawb.
- Daim Duab 2: Qhov no zoo ib yam li thawj daim, tab sis ntxiv rau, plaub kab diagonal raug kos los ntawm plaub lub ces kaum mus rau lub cim nruab nrab. Qhov no pab cov neeg uas muaj ib qho chaw dub nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm lawv lub zeem muag kom zam qhov chaw ntawd thiab tsom mus rau lub cim nruab nrab.
- Daim Ntawv Qhia 3: Qhov no muaj cov kab liab ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau dub. Qhov no pab txheeb xyuas qhov sib txawv me me hauv kev pom xim.
- Daim Ntawv Qhia 4: Daim no muaj cov pob dawb tawg rau ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau dub es tsis yog cov kab. Nws yog siv los qhia qhov txawv ntawm qhov pom tsis meej thiab cov pob dub.
- Daim Duab 5: Daim no tsuas muaj cov kab kab rov tav xwb. Cov kab dawb nyob rau ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau dub.
- Daim Duab 6: Qhov no zoo ib yam li Daim Duab 5, tab sis muaj cov kab dub rau ntawm keeb kwm yav dhau dawb. Cov kab hauv nruab nrab ze dua li lwm cov kab. Qhov no tso cai rau koj ntes tau txawm tias qhov kev cuam tshuam me me tshaj plaws.
- Daim Ntawv Qhia 7: Cov plaub fab nyob hauv nruab nrab ntawm daim ntawv qhia no yog ib nrab ntawm cov plaub fab sab nraud, yog li txawm tias qhov kev hloov pauv me tshaj plaws hauv kev pom kev hauv nruab nrab tuaj yeem pom tau.
Ib tug neeg uas muaj mob macular degeneration pom qhov no li cas?
Yog tias koj muaj mob xws li macular degeneration, koj yuav pom cov kev hloov pauv sib txawv thaum koj saib ntawm Amsler grid.
Xav txog koj tab tom saib ib lub plag tsev uas muaj vuas. Feem ntau, cov kab ntawm cov vuas yog ncaj nraim. Tab sis yog tias koj muaj teeb meem nrog koj lub macula, cov kab no yuav zoo li ncab tawm, zoo li nthwv dej. Qee cov kab yuav zoo li tawg hauv nruab nrab, lossis lawv yuav zoo li muaj ib qho dub nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawd.
Cov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb uas pom tau yog:
- Pom kev tsis meej los yog ntsws.
- Qee qhov ntawm daim ntawv qhia zoo li ploj mus los yog tsaus ntuj.
- Qee qhov chaw ntawm daim ntawv qhia tsis muaj dab tsi li, zoo li cov pob dub.
Yuav ua li cas rau cov apps smartphone?
Niaj hnub nim no, koj tuaj yeem nrhiav tau cov xov tooj ntse thiab ntsiav tshuaj apps uas muaj Amsler grid. Yog tias koj xav siv ib qho ntawm cov no, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog nws thiab tau txais kev qhia. Nws tuaj yeem qhia koj seb nws puas yog rau koj.
Tiam sis tsis txhob hnov qab qhov no: lub xov tooj ntse app yeej tsis yog ib yam khoom siv hloov kev kho mob. Yog tias koj muaj kev tsis ntseeg lossis kev txhawj xeeb, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho qhov muag uas tsim nyog kom kuaj xyuas.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Lub Amsler grid yog ib txoj hauv kev yooj yim, ceev, thiab tsis mob los sim koj qhov kev pom kev hauv nruab nrab hauv tsev.
- Qhov no tuaj yeem ntes tau cov kev hloov pauv thaum ntxov ntawm cov kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau macula.
- Yog koj tus kws kho mob tau qhia koj kom ua qhov kev kuaj no txhua hnub, ua li ntawd.
- Yog koj pom muaj tej yam hloov tshiab thaum lub sijhawm kuaj qhov muag, xws li tej kab, tej qhov ntswg, tej qhov tsaus ntuj, lossis tej qhov sib txawv, qhia rau koj tus kws kho qhov muag tam sim ntawd.
- Thaum koj kuaj pom ib qho mob thaum ntxov, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj lub qhov muag thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntxiv.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus