Koj puas kuj nkees txhua lub sijhawm? Koj puas kiv taub hau txawm tias tom qab taug kev ib pliag? Koj daim tawv nqaij puas qee zaum hloov xim thiab zoo li daj? Cov no tuaj yeem yog cov cim qhia txog kev tsis muaj ntshav txaus. Tab sis qee zaum muaj ib zaj dab neeg nyuaj dua tom qab nws. Nws yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj uas koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pib ua tsov rog tawm tsam koj cov qe ntshav. Qhov ntawd yog qhov peb tab tom tham txog hnub no.
Kab mob ntshav tsis txaus (AIHA) yog dab tsi?
Hauv lwm lo lus, Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) yog ib qho mob uas peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua yuam kev tawm tsam thiab rhuav tshem peb cov qe ntshav liab noj qab haus huv.
Xav txog nws, peb cov qe ntshav liab yog cov tsheb me me uas nqa cov pa oxygen thoob plaws lub cev. Lawv raug tsim tawm hauv lub Hoobkas hu ua pob txha hauv peb cov pob txha. Qhov nruab nrab, cov qe ntshav liab nyob tau li 120 hnub.
Tiam sis rau ib tug neeg uas muaj AIHA, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, uas zoo li lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, pom cov qe ntshav liab no ua cov qe ntshav yeeb ncuab. Tom qab ntawd, cov kab mob tiv thaiv kab mob no, uas yog, cov tshuaj tua kab mob, ntes thiab rhuav tshem cov qe ntshav liab no. Qhov nrawm ntawm kev rhuav tshem no sai dua li cov pob txha pob txha tuaj yeem ua cov qe ntshav liab tshiab. Qee zaum, lub qe ntshav uas yuav tsum muaj sia nyob rau 120 hnub raug rhuav tshem hauv ob peb hnub xwb. Yog li, lub cev tsis tau txais cov pa oxygen tsim nyog thiab cov tsos mob xws li qaug zog thiab tsis muaj zog pib tshwm sim.
Cov hom AIHA tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
AIHA feem ntau muab faib ua ob hom, nyob ntawm seb lub cev teb li cas rau qhov kub thiab txias.
- Kab mob ntshav liab kub (Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia): Qhov no yog hom kab mob uas feem ntau pom. Hauv qhov no, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob rhuav tshem cov qe ntshav liab ntawm lossis siab dua qhov kub ntawm lub cev. Qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv tshwj xeeb hu ua IgG.
- Kab mob ntshav liab uas ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob (Cold Agglutinin Disease - CAD): Qhov no yog ib hom kab mob tsis tshua muaj. Hauv qhov no, cov qe ntshav liab raug rhuav tshem thaum lub cev raug cua txias. Feem ntau ntawm qhov kub qis li 3-4 degrees Celsius. Qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm ib hom tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob hu ua IgM.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog, qhov no tsis yog kab mob sib kis tau. Koj tsis tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm lwm tus, thiab koj tsis tuaj yeem kis mus rau lwm tus. Txawm li cas los xij, qee qhov kab mob viral uas ua rau muaj kab mob no tuaj yeem sib kis tau.
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no yog dab tsi?
Ntau yam tsos mob ntawm AIHA zoo ib yam li cov tsos mob ntawm cov ntshav tsis txaus. Tej zaum ib txhia neeg yuav tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li.
| Cov tsos mob | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Qaug zog thiab tsis muaj zog | Cov tsos mob feem ntau yog qhov tsis muaj oxygen hauv lub cev. |
| Lub plawv dhia ceev ceev (Tachycardia) | Vim tias lub plawv ua haujlwm sai dua los them rau qhov tsis muaj oxygen. |
| Ua pa nyuaj (ua tsis taus pa) | Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ua tej haujlwm me me lossis taug kev. |
| Tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag daj ntseg los yog daj ntseg (Jaundice) | Bilirubin, ib yam khoom tsim tawm thaum cov qe ntshav liab tawg, ua rau daim tawv nqaij thiab dawb ntawm lub qhov muag tig daj. |
| Cov zis tsaus nti | Cov zis uas muaj xim zoo li dej tshuaj yej los yog cola. |
| Tus kab mob loj hlob | Tus po yuav o thiab o thaum nws ua haujlwm dhau sijhawm los tshem tawm cov qe ntshav liab uas puas lawm. |
| Ntxiv rau qhov no, cov neeg uas muaj mob khaub thuas AIHA (CAD)... | |
| Tes thiab taw txias thiab xim tsis zoo nkauj | Cov ntiv tes thiab cov ntiv taw yuav xiav los yog liab thaum raug cua txias. |
| Mob taub hau thiab mob nraub qaum | Mob khaub thuas ua rau muaj teeb meem ntshav ncig. |
Dab tsi ua rau AIHA?
Qee zaum tsis muaj qhov ua rau mob tshwj xeeb. Peb hu qhov no ua Primary AIHA. Tab sis feem ntau nws tuaj yeem yog los ntawm lwm yam mob lossis tshuaj (Secondary AIHA).
Muaj ntau yam tseem ceeb:
- Lwm yam kab mob autoimmune: Cov neeg uas muaj lwm yam kab mob autoimmune, xws li lupus, muaj feem yuav mob AIHA.
- Qee hom mob qog noj ntshav: tshwj xeeb yog cov mob qog noj ntshav ntsig txog ntshav xws li Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia thiab Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma .
- Cov kab mob kis thiab cov kab mob bacterial: Cov kab mob xws li Epstein-Barr virus (tus kab mob uas ua rau mononucleosis, uas zoo li mob khaub thuas), Cytomegalovirus , HIV , thiab Mycoplasma pneumoniae .
- Qee cov tshuaj: Qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob (piv txwv li, penicillin) thiab lwm yam tshuaj kuj tuaj yeem ua rau muaj qhov mob no. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog txhua yam tshuaj uas koj noj.
Koj paub li cas yog tias koj muaj tus kab mob AIHA?
Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob no, nco ntsoov mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob . Nws yuav nug koj txog koj cov tsos mob, cov tshuaj uas koj noj, thiab kuaj koj. Yog tias tsim nyog, lawv yuav xa koj mus rau kws kho mob ntshav.
Feem ntau yog ua ntau qhov kev kuaj ntshav kom paub meej tias AIHA yog dab tsi.
- Kev suav cov ntshav tag nrho (CBC): Qhov no kuaj xyuas koj cov qe ntshav liab, cov qe ntshav dawb, thiab cov platelet. Cov qe ntshav liab tsawg yog ib qho cim qhia tias muaj ntshav tsis txaus.
- Kev Ntsuas Sab Nraud: Ib qho qauv ntshav raug kuaj xyuas hauv qab lub tshuab microscope kom pom cov duab ntawm cov qe ntshav liab thiab seb lawv puas puas lawm.
- Tus lej ntawm cov qe ntshav liab uas tseem tsis tau loj hlob: Qhov no ntsuas tus lej ntawm cov qe ntshav liab uas tseem tsis tau loj hlob uas cov pob txha tsim tawm. Yog tias tus lej no siab, nws txhais tau tias cov pob txha ua haujlwm hnyav dhau los tsim cov qe ntshav tshiab los hloov cov uas raug rhuav tshem.
- Kev Ntsuas Coombs: Qhov no yog qhov kev kuaj tseem ceeb tshaj plaws rau kev kuaj mob AIHA. Nws tuaj yeem txiav txim siab seb koj lub cev puas tsim cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam cov qe ntshav liab.
- Lwm yam kev kuaj: Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev kuaj xws li Bilirubin thiab Haptoglobin tuaj yeem ua tau.
Cov kev kho mob rau AIHA yog dab tsi?
Yog koj tus mob tsis hnyav heev, tej zaum koj yuav tsis tas yuav kho mob. Txawm li cas los xij, koj yuav tsum nyob hauv qab kev saib xyuas ntawm tus kws kho mob tas li. Yog tias muaj cov tsos mob lossis yog tias qhov ntshav tsis txaus heev, kev kho mob yuav pib.
- Cov tshuaj steroids: Cov tshuaj steroids, xws li prednisolone, yog thawj kab kev kho mob. Cov no tswj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qe ntshav liab.
- Lwm cov tshuaj uas tswj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob (Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob): Yog tias tus kab mob tsis teb rau cov tshuaj steroids, cov tshuaj xws li Rituximab thiab Azathioprine raug siv.
- Kev phais tshem cov noob qes: Hauv cov xwm txheej uas tshuaj tsis zoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv AIHA sov, lub noob qes, uas yog qhov chaw uas feem ntau cov qe ntshav liab raug rhuav tshem, raug phais tshem tawm.
- Kev Hloov Ntshav: Yog tias qhov ntshav tsis txaus (anemia) hnyav heev thiab ua rau tuag taus, tej zaum yuav tsum tau hloov ntshav.
- Cov vitamins thiab cov tshuaj noj haus ntxiv: Koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom noj cov tshuaj xws li folic acid, uas yog qhov tsim nyog los ua cov qe ntshav liab. Tsis txhob noj cov vitamins yam tsis tau sab laj nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
Cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau cov neeg mob khaub thuas AIHA
Yog tias koj muaj ib tug neeg uas rhiab heev rau huab cua txias, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm qhov txias .
- Hnav hnab looj tes thaum coj khoom tawm ntawm lub tub yees lossis lub tub yees khov.
- Thaum tawm mus sab nraud thaum hnub txias, hnav khaub ncaws zoo, hnav lub kaus mom, thiab lub phuam qhwv caj dab.
- Tsis txhob tig lub AC qis dhau hauv tsev.
- Ua ntej nkag mus rau hauv lub tsheb thaum hnub txias, pib nws ib pliag thiab cia sab hauv lub tsheb sov.
Yog tsis kho ces yuav muaj teeb meem dab tsi tshwm sim?
Yog tias AIHA tsis raug tswj, cov teeb meem loj tuaj yeem tshwm sim.
- Ntshav Txhaws: Muaj kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm cov ntshav txhaws, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ob txhais ceg thiab lub ntsws. Cov ntshav txhaws hauv lub ntsws (Pulmonary Embolism) tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.
- Kab mob plawv: Kev tsis muaj ntshav txaus mus sij hawm ntev tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv tsis muaj zog vim tias lub plawv yuav tsum ua haujlwm hnyav dua.
- Kev puas tsuaj rau lub raum: Kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov qe ntshav liab ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau lub raum puas tsuaj.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kab mob ntshav liab tsis muaj zog tiv thaiv kab mob (AIHA) yog ib yam mob uas koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua rau koj cov qe ntshav liab puas tsuaj tsis raug.
- Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li qaug zog tam sim ntawd, kiv taub hau, lossis tawv nqaij lossis qhov muag daj, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
- Qhov no tsis yog ib yam kab mob sib kis tau. Yog li ntawd, tsis tas yuav cais tus neeg mob lossis ntshai tus neeg mob.
- Txawm hais tias tus mob no tsis tuaj yeem kho tau tag nrho los xij, muaj cov kev kho mob zoo heev uas tuaj yeem pab tswj tus kab mob thiab cia koj ua neej nyob li qub.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom meej, noj koj cov tshuaj raws li tau qhia, thiab noj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus