Thaum ib tug kws kho mob qhia rau koj lossis koj tus menyuam tias koj muaj kab mob ntshav hu ua Beta Thalassemia, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub meej tias koj muaj hom kab mob dab tsi. Vim tias hom kab mob uas koj muaj yuav txiav txim siab cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob uas koj xav tau. Tej zaum koj yuav ntshai me ntsis thaum koj hnov lub npe no. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj, peb yuav piav qhia txhua yam kom meej thiab yooj yim.
Hais yooj yim xwb, beta thalassemia yog dab tsi?
Beta thalassemia yog ib yam kab mob uas cuam tshuam rau peb cov ntshav. Zoo, tam sim no cia peb saib seb qhov no tshwm sim li cas hauv lub cev.
Sab hauv cov qe ntshav liab hauv peb cov ntshav muaj ib qho protein tshwj xeeb hu ua hemoglobin . Qhov no yog lub tsheb uas coj cov pa oxygen los ntawm lub ntsws thiab faib nws mus rau cov hlwb thoob plaws lub cev. Nws zoo li kev pabcuam xa cov pa oxygen. Hauv ib tus neeg uas muaj beta thalassemia, cov protein hemoglobin no tsis tau tsim ntau npaum li nws xav tau. Qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog kev hloov pauv, lossis kev hloov pauv, hauv ib qho gene uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tsim hemoglobin (HBB gene).
Thaum hemoglobin txo qis, lub cev cov hlwb tsis tau txais cov pa oxygen uas xav tau. Qhov no yog vim li cas ntau yam tsos mob tshwm sim. Muaj peb hom kab mob tseem ceeb. Cia peb saib txhua yam ntawm lawv sib cais.
1. Beta Thalassemia uas nyob ntawm kev hloov ntshav
Qhov no kuj hu ua Thalassemia Major . Qhov no yog hom mob thalassemia hnyav tshaj plaws . Qhov mob no tsuas yog tshwm sim yog tias ib tug menyuam tau txais ob daim qauv ntawm cov noob caj noob ces rau tus kab mob los ntawm ob leeg niam txiv.
Feem ntau yuav kuaj pom tias muaj tus mob no ua ntej muaj ob xyoos .
Ua niam txiv, peb paub tias nws yuav nyuaj heev rau kev daws cov xov xwm tias koj tus menyuam me muaj mob hnyav. Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj uas yuav xav tias ntxhov siab thiab txhawj xeeb. Tsis txhob nyob ib leeg lub sijhawm no. Tham nrog koj tsev neeg thiab cov phooj ywg txog qhov no. Lawv txoj kev txhawb nqa yuav yog qhov chaw zoo ntawm lub zog. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias koj xav tias ntxhov siab thiab txhawj xeeb, thov koj tus kws kho mob xa koj mus rau tus kws pab tswv yim kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb. Nws tsis yog dab tsi yuav tsum txaj muag, thiab nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom nyob ruaj khov rau koj tus menyuam.
Cov tsos mob uas pom tau hauv qhov xwm txheej no yog dab tsi?
- Ntshav tsis txaus (anemia) hnyav: Vim yog cov hemoglobin qis heev, tus menyuam yuav nkees thiab qaug zog tas li. Tej zaum lawv yuav zoo li dawb paug.
- Kev loj hlob qeeb: Tus menyuam txoj kev loj hlob qeeb heev piv rau lwm tus menyuam.
- Kev loj hlob ntawm tus po thiab daim siab:Thaum muaj cov qe ntshav liab uas puas lawm ntau heev sib sau ua ke hauv lub po thiab lub siab, cov kab mob no maj mam loj zuj zus raws sijhawm.
- Kev qaug zog ntawm cov pob txha: Vim tias cov pob txha yuav tsum tsim cov qe ntshav liab ntau dua, cov pob txha tuaj yeem o thiab cov pob txha tuaj yeem nyias thiab tawg.
- Kev laus qeeb: Thaum koj laus zuj zus, kev laus tuaj yeem qeeb vim yog cov teebmeem ntawm kev ua haujlwm hormonal.
- Qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm tus kab mob ntshav qab zib thiab cov ntshav txhaws kuj tseem yuav nce ntxiv thaum laus.
Cov kev kho mob
Yuav kom tswj tau qhov mob ntshav tsis txaus no, yuav tsum tau muab ntshav tsis tu ncua. Txawm li cas los xij, thaum koj tseem muab ntshav, cov hlau hauv lub cev yuav nce ntxiv yam tsis tsim nyog. Cov hlau ntxiv no tuaj yeem ua rau lub siab, lub plawv, thiab lub cev endocrine puas tsuaj.
Yuav kom tiv thaiv tau qhov no, yuav siv kev kho mob hu ua Iron Chelation Therapy . Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no yuav tshem tawm cov hlau ntau dhau uas tau khaws cia rau hauv lub cev. Muaj cov tshuaj uas muab rau qhov no.
2. Beta Thalassemia uas tsis nyob ntawm kev hloov ntshav
Qhov no kuj hu ua Thalassemia Intermedia . Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov no tsis hnyav npaum li cov ntawm Thalassemia Major uas tau hais ua ntej.
Feem ntau, ib tus neeg uas muaj tus mob no mus ntsib kws kho mob vim muaj teeb meem xws li qaug zog tas li, tawv nqaij daj (jaundice), lossis tsis muaj zog.
Cov tsos mob uas pom tau hauv tus mob no
- Kev loj ntawm lub qhov ncauj.
- Kev laus zuj zus qeeb.
- Cov pob txha tsis muaj zog thiab muaj feem yuav tawg yooj yim.
- Qaug zog los ntawm kev tsis muaj zog.
Vim tias cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no tsis hnyav heev, feem ntau tsis tas yuav tsum tau ntxiv ntshav . Tej zaum koj yuav tsis tas yuav muab ntshav rau koj lub neej. Tab sis qhov ntawd yog koj tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab.
3. Beta Thalassemia Me
Qhov no kuj hu ua "Thalassemia Trait." Hauv peb lub tebchaws, ntau tus neeg hu qhov mob no ua "ua tus neeg nqa Thalassemia."
Qhov no yog hom mob thalassemia uas tsis hnyav heev . Ib tug neeg uas muaj tus mob no yuav tsis muaj lwm yam tsos mob tsuas yog ntshav tsis txaus xwb . Muaj ntau tus neeg nyob tau ntau xyoo yam tsis paub tias lawv muaj tus mob no. Qee zaum nws pom tau los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav rau lwm yam mob.
Feem ntau tus mob no tsis tas yuav kho mob tas li tsuas yog tias koj nkees lossis qaug zog xwb.
Txawm tias koj tsis muaj tsos mob los xij, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum paub tias koj yog tus nqa tus kab mob Thalassemia. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj tab tom yuav txiv lossis npaj yuav muaj menyuam. Vim tias yog tias koj tus khub kuj yog tus nqa tus kab mob Thalassemia, muaj 1 ntawm 4 (25%) kev pheej hmoo uas koj tus menyuam yuav muaj tus kab mob Thalassemia Major, uas yog ib qho mob hnyav. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no thiab mus kuaj mob.
| Hom kab mob Thalassemia | Kev Ua Siab Loj | Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb thiab kev kho mob |
|---|---|---|
| Thalassemia Loj | Loj heev | Ntshav tsis txaus, kev loj hlob qeeb. Kev hloov ntshav tsis tu ncua thiab kev kho mob chelation yog qhov tseem ceeb. |
| Thalassemia intermedia | Loj nruab nrab | Ntshav tsis txaus, qaug zog. Feem ntau tsis tas yuav hloov ntshav tas li. |
| Thalassemia me (Me/Tshwm Sim) | Tsis loj heev (xwm txheej ntawm tus neeg nqa khoom) | Feem ntau tsis muaj tsos mob. Tsis tas yuav kho mob. Tab sis kev paub txog yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev npaj tsev neeg. |
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Beta thalassemia yog ib yam mob uas los ntawm noob caj ces uas ua rau cov hemoglobin tsawg zuj zus.
- Muaj peb hom mob no: mob loj (loj heev), mob nruab nrab (nruab nrab), thiab mob me (me me/nruab nrab).
- Tus mob Thalassemia loj yuav tsum tau hloov ntshav tsis tu ncua thiab kho mob kom tshem hlau tawm.
- Yog koj muaj tus kab mob thalassemia me (tus neeg nqa kab mob), tej zaum koj yuav tsis muaj tsos mob. Txawm li cas los xij, kev paub seb koj tus khub puas yog tus neeg nqa kab mob yog qhov tseem ceeb heev yog tias koj xav tau ib tug me nyuam noj qab nyob zoo.
- Tsis txhob txaj muag los yog ntshai tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog hom thalassemia uas koj muaj, nws txoj kev kho mob, thiab tej lus nug uas koj muaj.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus