Koj puas muaj cov kua tsib uas raug thaiv? (Kev thaiv cov kua tsib) - Cia peb nrhiav seb qhov no zoo li cas!

Koj puas muaj tej lub sij hawm koj mob plab sab saud hnyav heev, qhov muag daj, thiab daim tawv nqaij daj? Los yog koj cov quav puas tau hloov mus ua xim dawb thiab koj cov zis tsaus? Cov no tsis yog cov tsos mob uas yuav tsum tsis quav ntsej. Lawv yuav yog ib qho cim qhia tias muaj ib yam dab tsi thaiv koj cov kua tsib.

Kev thaiv cov hlab ntsha hauv cov kua tsib yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov kev thaiv cov kav dej kua tsib yog ib qho mob uas muaj ib yam dab tsi daig hauv koj cov kav dej kua tsib, ua rau cov kua tsib tsis ntws los ntawm lawv.

Tam sim no tej zaum koj yuav xav paub tias cov kua tsib yog dab tsi thiab cov kav kua tsib yog dab tsi, puas yog? Zoo, cia peb piav qhia qhov ntawd thiab.

Cov kua tsib yog cov kua uas pab peb zom cov rog hauv cov zaub mov uas peb noj. Nws tsim tawm hauv peb lub siab. Cov kua tsib no, uas yog tsim los ntawm lub siab, khaws cia rau hauv lub zais zis. Thaum peb noj mov, cov kua tsib no raug tso tawm ntawm lub zais zis thiab mus rau txoj hnyuv me me kom pab zom zaub mov. Muaj lwm yam hauv cov kua tsib no, thiab qhov ntawd yog cov khoom pov tseg hu ua bilirubin . Cov bilirubin no raug tsim tawm thaum cov qe ntshav liab hauv peb cov ntshav tawg. Lub siab tshem tawm cov bilirubin no ntawm lub cev los ntawm cov kua tsib.

Cov kav dej ntawm cov kua tsib zoo li ib lub cev uas muaj cov kav dej me me. Xav txog lawv zoo li cov kav dej me me uas nqa dej. Cov kav dej no nqa cov kua tsib, uas tsim tawm hauv lub siab, mus rau lub zais zis thiab tom qab ntawd mus rau txoj hnyuv me. Lawv kuj pab nqa cov bilirubin tawm ntawm lub siab.

Yog li ntawd, yog tias muaj ib yam dab tsi daig rau hauv cov kav dej ntawm cov kua tsib no, cov kav dej ntawm cov kua tsib yuav raug thaiv, thiab cov kua tsib yuav pib rov qab mus rau hauv daim siab. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav thiab, yog tias tsis kho kom zoo, tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv loj heev .

Tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

Qhov tseeb, qhov teeb meem feem ntau uas cuam tshuam rau cov kav dej kua tsib yog kev thaiv . Xav txog seb, kwv yees li 5 ntawm 1,000 tus neeg muaj pob zeb hauv lub zais zis, uas tuaj yeem thaiv cov kav dej kua tsib. Pob zeb hauv lub zais zis yog ib hom pob zeb uas tsim thaum cov tshuaj hauv cov kua tsib sib sau ua ke thiab tawv. Pob zeb hauv lub zais zis yog qhov ua rau cov kav dej kua tsib thaiv.

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev thaiv cov kua tsib yog dab tsi?

Feem ntau, cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li cov pob zeb hauv lub zais zis thiab mob daj ntseg. Cov tsos mob ntawm mob daj ntseg yog ib qho cim qhia tias koj cov ntshav muaj bilirubin ntau dhau.

Ua tib zoo mloog cov yam ntxwv no:

• Mob plab sab saud: Qhov no yuav zoo li mob maj mam, mob ntse, thiab mob tsis muaj zog. Nws maj mam nce ntxiv mus rau ob peb feeb.
• Tawv nqaij daj los yog qhov muag dawb daj:Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua mob daj ntseg.
• Cov quav xim av nplaum thiab cov zis tsaus: Thaum cov kua tsib tsis raug tso tawm rau hauv cov hnyuv kom zoo, cov quav yuav hloov xim. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov zis yuav tsaus vim tias muaj ntau bilirubin raug tso tawm hauv cov zis.
• Kub taub hau thiab mob khaub thuas.
• Xeev siab thiab ntuav.
• Tawv nqaij khaus (pruritus): Qhov no yuav yog vim cov ntsev bile tau tso rau ntawm daim tawv nqaij.
• Cov zaub mov tsis qab.
• Ua nyias nyias tsis muaj laj thawj.
• Xav tias nkees heev (qaug zog).

Dab tsi ua rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub cev txhaws?

Muaj ntau yam ua rau cov kav dej ntawm cov kua tsib txhaws. Cia peb saib cov ua rau tseem ceeb:

• Cov pob zeb hauv lub zais zis thaiv koj cov ducts ntawm cov kua tsib: Qhov no yog qhov ua rau feem ntau.
• Cov cysts Choledochal: Qhov no yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj, uas muaj txij thaum yug los. Cov cysts no ua rau cov kua tsib qeeb qeeb.
• Cov kav dej kua tsib nqaim: Qhov no yog qhov nqaim tsis zoo ntawm cov kav dej kua tsib. Qhov no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm mob lossis qhov txhab tom qab phais.

Cov hlab ntsha hauv cov kua tsib tuaj yeem muaj ntau yam ua rau (ua rau mob qog noj ntshav thiab tsis ua rau mob qog noj ntshav). Piv txwv li, lawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm qhov caws pliav tom qab phais tshem cov kua tsib (cholecystectomy).

Nov yog qee qhov ua rau cov hlab ntsha hauv cov kua tsib nruj uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha hauv cov kua tsib txhaws:

• Mob qog noj ntshav: Mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic, mob qog noj ntshav ntawm cov kua tsib, mob qog noj ntshav siab, thiab mob qog noj ntshav metastatic.
• Cov mob uas muaj txij thaum yug los: Piv txwv li cov mob xws li '(Biliary atresia)' thiab '(Alagille syndrome)'.
• Kev mob o ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov kua tsib: Cov kab mob xws li '(Primary biliary cholangitis)' thiab '(primary sclerosing cholangitis)'.
• Kab mob pancreatitis autoimmune thiab mob pancreatitis ntev.
• Kev o ntawm lub cev los ntawm kev raug mob, kab mob lossis kab mob parasitic.
• Ib yam mob hu ua 'Mirizzi syndrome'.
• Kev phais tshem tawm lub zais zis (Cholecystectomy).
• Kev kho mob hluav taws xob.

Tej yam teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim los ntawm kev txhaws ntawm cov kua tsib yog dab tsi?

Zoo li peb tau hais ua ntej lawm, qhov kev thaiv no tuaj yeem ua rau cov kua tsib sib sau ua ke hauv lub siab. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav thiab, yog tias tsis kho, cov kab mob uas hem txoj sia.Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau daim siab mob mus tas li, uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj tus mob hu ua '(cirrhosis of the liver)'. Qhov no thiab, yog tias tsis tswj hwm kom zoo, tuaj yeem ua rau daim siab tsis ua haujlwm.

Xav txog seb, yog tias cov kua tsib daig rau hauv cov ducts ze ntawm koj lub gallbladder, koj tuaj yeem kis tus kab mob gallbladder (cholecystitis).

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, yog tsis muaj cov kua tsib txaus, koj txoj hnyuv me me yuav tsis zom cov rog tau. Qhov no kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau tsis muaj kev noj haus zoo .

Yuav ua li cas koj thiaj paub tias koj muaj qhov txhaws ntawm cov kua tsib?

Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob, nws yuav nug txog koj keeb kwm kev mob nkeeg, suav nrog koj cov tsos mob thiab cov tshuaj uas koj noj. Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav kuaj lub cev kom paub seb puas muaj cov cim qhia tias koj lub plab tsis ua haujlwm, xws li mob plab lossis o.

Nco ntsoov, yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob zoo li no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau.

Tom qab ntawd, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj ntshav thiab kuaj duab tshwj xeeb kom paub meej tias qhov kev txhaws thiab nrhiav seb yog dab tsi ua rau nws.

Kev kuaj ntshav

Kev kuaj ntshav tuaj yeem qhia tau tias muaj kev txhaws. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kev kuaj xws li cov no:

• Kev suav cov ntshav tag nrho (CBC): Kev suav cov ntshav tag nrho (CBC) tuaj yeem muab lub tswv yim rau koj txog koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.
• Kev kuaj mob siab ua haujlwm: Yog tias koj cov ntshav bilirubin siab, nws yuav yog ib qho cim qhia tias muaj kev thaiv. Tsis tas li ntawd, yog tias cov enzymes siab xws li alkaline phosphatase (ALP) thiab gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) siab dua li qub, nws yuav txhais tau tias lub siab tsis ua haujlwm zoo vim muaj kev thaiv.
• Kev kuaj ntshav ntawm cov qog pancreas: Yog tias cov enzymes pancreas xws li "(Amylase)" thiab "(lipase)" siab dua, nws yuav yog ib qho cim qhia txog teeb meem ntawm cov qog pancreas uas cuam tshuam nrog kev thaiv cov kua tsib.

Kev kuaj duab

Yog tias cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj ntshav qhia tias muaj qhov txhaws, tej zaum koj yuav xav tau kev kuaj duab. Ib lossis ntau qhov kev kuaj no yuav ua tau:

• Kev Siv Ultrasound: Kev siv ultrasound siv cov suab nthwv dej los tsim cov duab ntawm sab hauv koj lub cev. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txheeb xyuas cov teeb meem tsis zoo uas tuaj yeem qhia txog kev thaiv. Tej zaum koj yuav xav tau kev siv endoscopic ultrasound, kev siv ultrasound plab, lossis kev siv ultrasound siab.
• Kev thaij duab hauv plab (CT scan): Kev thaij duab CT siv cov duab X-ray thiab lub khoos phis tawj los tsim cov duab kom ntxaws. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshem tawm lwm yam ua rau koj cov tsos mob uas yuav tsis pom ntawm lub tshuab ultrasound.
• Kev kuaj mob Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP): Ib qho kev kuaj hu ua ERCP tuaj yeem pab nrhiav qhov ua rau muaj kev txhaws thiab kho nws. Hauv qhov kev kuaj no, koj tus kws kho mob ntxig ib lub raj yas (endoscope) nrog lub teeb thiab lub koob yees duab txuas rau nws rau hauv koj cov kav dej kua tsib. Cov cuab yeej siv tau los coj cov qauv nqaij (biopsy) lossis kho qhov txhaws. Koj yuav raug tshuaj loog thaum lub sijhawm kuaj no.
• Kev kuaj mob Magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP): Qhov no yog kev kuaj MRI siab heev. Ib qho xim tshwj xeeb raug txhaj rau hauv koj cov hlab ntsha thaum nws hla dhau lawv. Ib yam li ERCP, nws tuaj yeem qhia qhov ua rau muaj kev thaiv, xws li pob zeb hauv lub zais zis lossis kev nruj. Txawm li cas los xij, nws tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam ntau dua li ERCP.
• Kev ntsuas Hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid (HIDA): Hauv kev ntsuas HIDA, cov tshuaj radioactive tracer siv los tsim cov duab thaum nws mus ncig los ntawm koj cov kav dej kua tsib. Qhov no tuaj yeem qhia qhov ua rau muaj kev thaiv, xws li teeb meem gallbladder lossis cov kab mob uas yug los uas ua rau cov kav dej nqaim.
• Kev kuaj mob Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC): Hauv kev kuaj "PTC", siv ultrasound lossis X-rays los thaij duab ntawm cov xim tshwj xeeb uas hla koj cov kav dej kua tsib kom txog thaum nws mus txog koj txoj hnyuv me. Cov xim qhia txog kev thaiv hauv cov kav dej.

Yuav kho qhov kev txhaws ntawm cov kua tsib no li cas?

Kev kho mob rau qhov txhaws ntawm cov kua tsib nyob ntawm seb koj xav tau kev kho mob sai npaum li cas thiab dab tsi ua rau muaj qhov txhaws.

Muaj ntau txoj kev kho mob:

• ERCP (Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography): Thaum lub sijhawm ERCP, tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov pob zeb hauv lub zais zis los ntawm cov kav dej kua tsib. Cov pob zeb tuaj yeem raug tsoo thiab tshem tawm siv cov cuab yeej hauv lub raj (endoscope) uas tau hais los saum toj no.
• Kev phais tshem tawm lub zais zis: Yog tias koj muaj pob zeb hauv lub zais zis ntau zaus uas thaiv koj cov hlab zis, tej zaum koj yuav tsum tau tshem koj lub zais zis. Qhov no feem ntau ua tiav los ntawm kev phais mob me me hu ua laparoscopy. Koj tuaj yeem ua lub neej noj qab haus huv yam tsis muaj lub zais zis.
• Stents: Koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab ib lub raj me me ua los ntawm hlau lossis yas, hu ua "stent," rau hauv koj lub raj mis kom nws dav dua lossis kom nws qhib. Yog tias qhov kev txhaws yog los ntawm kev nruj, koj yuav tsum muab "stent."
• Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav:Yog tias qhov kev thaiv no yog los ntawm ib qho qog, koj yuav xav tau kev phais lossis lwm yam kev kho mob qog noj ntshav xws li chemotherapy thiab radiation.

Tom qab qhov xwm txheej no muaj feem yuav rov zoo li cas?

Koj qhov kev kwv yees nyob ntawm seb qhov ua rau muaj kev txhaws. Piv txwv li, yog tias qhov ua rau yog pob zeb hauv lub zais zis, kev kuaj mob thaum ntxov thiab kev kho mob tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv cov teeb meem. Nrog kev kho mob, feem ntau cov neeg rov zoo tag nrho.

Txawm li cas los xij, kev txhaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov kua tsib uas tshwm sim los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav lossis kab mob siab ntev tuaj yeem nyuaj me ntsis rau kev tswj hwm.

Tsis yog txhua tus neeg qhov teeb meem zoo ib yam. Koj tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia rau koj txog yam koj yuav xav tau los ntawm kev kho mob raws li qhov ua rau muaj qhov txhaws thiab nws cuam tshuam li cas rau koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv.

Puas tiv thaiv tau qhov txhaws ntawm cov kua tsib?

Kev thaiv cov kua tsib tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau tas li.

Txawm li cas los xij, koj tuaj yeem txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob pob zeb hauv lub zais zis, uas yog qhov ua rau muaj pob zeb hauv lub zais zis , los ntawm kev txo cov roj cholesterol hauv koj cov zaub mov noj. Koj kuj tseem tuaj yeem txo koj txoj kev pheej hmoo ntawm ntau yam kab mob siab uas tuaj yeem ua rau mob zais zis:

• Tau txais kev tawm dag zog txaus.
• Noj cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig zoo uas tsis muaj roj ntau.
• Tswj koj qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo uas haum rau koj.
• Tsis txhob haus cawv, los yog haus cawv tsawg heev xwb.

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?

Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm cov kua tsib txhaws, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob . Muaj ntau cov tsos mob uas tshwm sim, xws li mob plab, xeev siab, thiab ntuav, tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm ntau yam mob. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub sai sai seb qhov teeb meem puas yog qhov txhaws - ua ntej muaj teeb meem tshwm sim vim muaj cov kua tsib sib sau ua ke.

Txoj hlab ntshav txhaws puas yog qhov xwm txheej ceev?

Yog, nws tuaj yeem yog qhov xwm txheej ceev. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias qhov kua tsib rov qab los ua rau mob hnyav thiab kis kab mob. Qhov zoo tshaj plaws ua yog mus ntsib kws kho mob sai li sai tau thaum koj pom cov tsos mob thawj zaug kom tiv thaiv qhov no kom tsis txhob tshwm sim.

Cov kua tsib yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov kav dej kua tsib kom ntws tau zoo, pab peb lub cev zom zaub mov thiab tshem tawm bilirubin (cov khoom pov tseg). Yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tsim cov kev thaiv no. Cov kua tsib yuav tsum ntws mus rau hauv koj txoj hnyuv me kom rhuav tshem cov rog. Bilirubin kuj tseem yuav tsum tawm hauv koj lub siab kom tiv thaiv cov teeb meem xws li kab mob siab lossis kev kis kab mob. Yog tias koj muaj kev thaiv, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem qhia koj tias cov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws yog dab tsi los tshem tawm nws.

Thaum kawg, tej yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov

Zoo, peb tau tham ntau txog kev thaiv cov kua tsib. Nov yog cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov los ntawm zaj dab neeg no:

• Kev txhaws ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv cov zis yog ib qho mob uas yuav tsum tau kho . Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li mob plab sab saud, qhov muag daj, lossis xim quav hloov pauv , mus ntsib kws kho mob yam tsis tas nkim sijhawm.
• Feem ntau, qhov no yog tshwm sim los ntawm pob zeb hauv lub zais zis , tab sis kuj tseem muaj lwm yam ua rau mob hnyav, xws li mob qog noj ntshav.
• Yog tias kuaj pom tus kab mob thaum ntxov thiab kho kom zoo, feem ntau yuav kho tau zoo tag nrho.
• Kev ua neej noj qab haus huv (kev noj zaub mov zoo, kev tawm dag zog, kev tswj cawv) tuaj yeem txo qee yam kev pheej hmoo.
• Yog koj muaj lus nug lossis kev tsis ntseeg, tsis txhob txaj muag nug koj tus kws kho mob. Lawv yeej npaj siab pab koj.

Koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tseem ceeb heev rau koj. Yog li ntawd, saib xyuas nws. Tsis txhob txhawj, muaj kev daws teeb meem rau txhua qhov teeb meem!

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