Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob, tej zaum koj yuav tau pom tias tus kws kho mob tsis yog muab lub stethoscope tso rau ntawm koj lub hauv siab xwb, tab sis qee zaum muab tso rau ob sab ntawm koj lub caj dab. Thaum koj pom qhov ntawd, koj yuav txhawj me ntsis yog tias nws hais tias, "Kuv hnov lub suab me me los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv kuv lub caj dab." Qhov tseeb nws yog ib txwm muaj. Tab sis tsis txhob ntshai. Qhov no tsis yog ib txwm qhia txog kev mob hnyav. Niaj hnub no peb tab tom tham txog ib qho mob uas ntau tus neeg tsis tau hnov txog, tab sis nws tsim nyog paub txog, hu ua 'carotid bruit.'
Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov carotid bruit no yog dab tsi?
Qhov 'carotid bruit' tsis yog ib yam kab mob. Nws yog ib lub suab uas tus kws kho mob tsuas hnov tau nrog lub stethoscope xwb. Yog hais kom meej, nws yog ib lub suab 'whooshing' uas txawv txav, sai sai uas koj hnov thaum cov ntshav ntws los ntawm 'carotid arteries' ntawm ob sab ntawm koj lub caj dab.
Xav txog, thaum dej ntws mus los ntawm cov yeeb nkab dej, tsis muaj suab. Tab sis yog tias muaj qhov me me lossis av hauv cov yeeb nkab, cov dej ntws sai thiab nrawm, thiab hnov lub suab. Qhov no zoo ib yam li qhov no. Cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb uas muab ntshav rau peb lub hlwb yog cov hlab ntsha carotid. Thaum muaj kev cuam tshuam rau cov ntshav ntws los ntawm cov hlab ntsha no, cov ntshav ntws dhau los ua turbulent (turbulent flow) thiab lub suab no tau tsim.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog, koj tsis hnov qhov no. Qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas tus kws kho mob yuav pom thaum lub sijhawm kuaj mob niaj hnub. Yog li ntawd, peb xav tias qhov no yog 'cim qhia' es tsis yog ib qho tsos mob.
Ua cas ho muaj suab nrov ua luaj? Qhov laj thawj tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
Qhov ua rau muaj qhov no yog ib yam mob hu ua 'atherosclerosis' . Lub npe no zoo li nyuaj heev, puas yog? Tab sis nws yooj yim heev.
Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov uas tshwm sim yog tias cov roj cholesterol, rog, thiab lwm yam khoom sib sau ua ke rau ntawm phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm peb cov hlab ntsha thiab tsim cov 'plaques' . Nws zoo li cov limescale tsim nyob rau hauv cov kav dej. Thaum cov plaques no maj mam loj hlob, txoj kev mus rau cov ntshav nqaim. Tom qab ntawd, thaum cov ntshav sim khiav hla qhov chaw nqaim ntawd, lub suab ntxhov siab ntawd, lossis 'bruit', yuav hnov.
Qhov kev nqaim ntawm cov hlab ntsha carotid no hu ua 'Carotid Artery Stenosis' .
Qhov no yog ib yam uas yuav tsum txhawj txog. Vim tias thaum cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb uas nqa cov ntshav mus rau lub hlwb raug thaiv, lub hlwb yuav tsis muaj oxygen thiab cov as-ham. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee zaum ib daim me me ntawm cov plaque tuaj yeem tawg thiab thaiv tag nrho lwm cov hlab ntsha me me hauv lub hlwb. Qhov no ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob stroke (TIA) lossis mob stroke .
Yog li ntawd, yog tias tus kws kho mob hnov lub suab no, nws siv nws ua ib qho 'cuam tshuam' tseem ceeb los txiav txim siab seb puas muaj kev pheej hmoo zoo li no.
Puas muaj lwm yam laj thawj?
Yog. Nws tsis yog txhua lub sijhawm vim muaj cov roj cholesterol ntau dhau. Qee zaum,
- Lub suab no kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv hauv cov qauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha, xws li Fibromuscular Dysplasia (FMD) .
- Txawm tias nyob rau hauv qee tus neeg noj qab haus huv, lub suab no yuav hnov vim muaj qhov sib txawv me ntsis ntawm txoj kev uas cov hlab ntsha tau teeb tsa.
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim seb qhov ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem no yog dab tsi tom qab koj xav txog koj keeb kwm kev mob nkeeg thiab lwm yam.
Puas muaj carotid bruit yog ib qho mob hnyav?
Lo lus nug no tsis tuaj yeem teb nrog "yog" lossis "tsis yog".
Qee zaum, qhov no tuaj yeem yog lub cim liab uas qhia tias muaj kev pheej hmoo loj ntawm kev mob stroke. Tab sis, qhov ntawd tsis yog txhua lub sijhawm.
Xav txog koj tus kws kho mob zoo li ib tug kws tshawb nrhiav. Lub suab 'Bruit' no tsuas yog thawj 'pov thawj' uas nws pom. Cov pov thawj ntawd xwb tsis qhia rau nws tias "nov yog tus ua txhaum." Nws yuav tsum tshawb nrhiav ntxiv. Ib yam li ntawd, tsuas hnov lub suab no xwb tsis txiav txim siab tias koj muaj mob hnyav. Nws tsuas yog ib qho cim qhia tias xav tau kev tshawb nrhiav ntxiv xwb.
Muaj ib txhia neeg noj qab nyob zoo hnov tau lub suab no. Tsis tas li ntawd, qee zaum cov leeg ntawm caj dab yuav raug thaiv 90% tab sis tseem tsis hnov lub suab no. Yog li, nco ntsoov tias qhov no tsuas yog ib qho ntawm cov duab sib dhos xwb.
Yog tus kws kho mob hais tias muaj carotid bruit, yuav ua li cas tom ntej?
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav tsis ntshai qhov suab nrov no. Qhov tom ntej uas nws yuav ua yog nrhiav seb yog dab tsi ua rau nws. Ib qho kev kuaj yooj yim heev, tsis mob uas feem ntau ua yog 'Carotid Duplex Ultrasound' scan.
Qhov no zoo ib yam li kev luam theej duab rau cov poj niam cev xeeb tub. Nws siv cov suab nthwv dej los thaij duab ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv caj dab. Nws tuaj yeem:
- Tshawb xyuas seb puas muaj cov roj cholesterol plaques hauv cov hlab ntsha.
- Yog tias muaj, ntsuas seb cov leeg ntshav raug thaiv ntau npaum li cas.
- Xyuas qhov ceev thiab tus qauv ntawm cov ntshav ntws.
Raws li cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev luam theej no, tus kws kho mob yuav txiav txim siab seb koj puas xav tau kev kho mob, thiab yog tias xav tau, yuav ua li cas.
Tshwj xeeb, yog tias koj muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov yam ntxwv uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo hauv qab no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom ua qhov kev ntsuas no.
| Cov yam ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob carotid artery stenosis | |
|---|---|
| Kab Mob Ntshav Siab | Yog tias cov roj cholesterol nyob hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub plawv, nws yuav tshwm sim ntau dua hauv cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub caj dab thiab. |
| Kab mob ntshav qab zib (Diabetes Mellitus) | Kab mob ntshav qab zib tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj. |
| Ntshav Siab | Thaum lub siab nce siab, cov phab ntsa sab hauv ntawm cov hlab ntsha raug puas tsuaj thiab nws yooj yim dua rau cov roj cholesterol kom sib sau ua ke. |
| Cov roj cholesterol ntau | Qhov no yog cov khoom tseem ceeb rau kev tsim cov plaques. |
| Haus Luam Yeeb (Siv Luam Yeeb) | Kev haus luam yeeb zoo li lom koj cov hlab ntsha ncaj qha. |
| Hnub nyoog laus dua | Feem ntau, cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 65 xyoos muaj feem yuav mob hnyav dua. |
| Keeb Kwm Tsev Neeg | Yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg tau mob stroke, koj kuj yuav muaj feem yuav mob stroke thiab. |
Cov kev kho mob rau qhov no yog dab tsi?
Qhov xov xwm zoo yog tias tsis yog txhua tus neeg yuav tsum tau phais lossis kho mob. Kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb koj cov hlab ntsha raug thaiv npaum li cas, koj lub hnub nyoog, thiab lwm yam mob uas koj muaj.
Kev kho mob muaj peb ntu tseem ceeb.
1. Cov Tshuaj
Qhov no feem ntau yog thawj qhov yuav tsum pib nrog. Tej zaum cov no yuav txaus, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias qhov kev txhaws ntawm cov leeg tsis hnyav heev.
- Cov tshuaj txo cov roj cholesterol: Cov no pab txo cov roj cholesterol phem hauv cov ntshav thiab tiv thaiv kev tsim cov quav hniav ntxiv.
- Tshuaj Ntshav Siab: Tswj ntshav siab thiab txo kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha.
- Cov tshuaj Anticoagulant: Qee zaum, cov tshuaj xws li aspirin yuav raug sau tseg kom txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov ntshav txhaws.
2. Kev Hloov Pauv Txoj Kev Ua Neej
Qhov no tej zaum yuav tseem ceeb dua li tshuaj. Cov no yuav pab tswj cov hlab ntsha kom nruj dua.
- Tso tseg haus luam yeeb kiag li: Yog tias koj yog ib tug neeg haus luam yeeb, qhov zoo tshaj plaws uas koj ua tau yog tso tseg hnub no. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj xav tau kev pab txog qhov no.
- Kev noj zaub mov zoo rau lub plawv: Txo cov khoom noj uas muaj roj, ntsev, thiab qab zib ntau. Hloov cov nqaij liab (nyuj, nqaij npuas) nrog ntses thiab nqaij qaib. Noj zaub, txiv hmab txiv ntoo, thiab zaub ntsuab ntau ntau hauv koj cov zaub mov noj.
- Ua si nawv tsis tu ncua: Nws yooj yim li taug kev li 30 feeb hauv ib hnub. Ua ntej pib ua si nawv tshiab, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham kom paub seb yam twg yog rau koj.
3. Kev phais thiab lwm yam txheej txheem
Cov no tsuas yog tsim nyog yog tias cov hlab ntsha nqaim heev (mob stenosis hnyav) thiab tus kws kho mob txiav txim siab tias qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob stroke siab heev.
- Carotid Endarterectomy: Qhov no suav nrog kev ua ib qho kev phais me me hauv caj dab, qhib cov hlab ntsha, thiab phais tshem tawm cov roj cholesterol uas tau tsim sab hauv.
- Carotid Angioplasty thiab Stenting: Qhov no suav nrog kev muab ib lub cuab yeej zoo li koob txhaj tshuaj hla cov hlab ntsha thiab tshuab ib lub pob me me kom nthuav qhov txhaws. Tom qab ntawd, ib lub raj me me hu ua stent raug muab tso rau hauv cov hlab ntsha kom tiv thaiv nws kom tsis txhob nqaim dua.
Nco ntsoov tias, tsuas yog koj tus kws kho mob thiaj li txiav txim siab tau tias kev kho mob twg zoo tshaj plaws rau koj. Tsis txhob txiav txim siab txog kev kho mob raws li koj nyeem hauv online lossis hnov los ntawm lwm tus.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kab mob carotid bruit tsis yog ib yam kab mob, nws tsuas yog ib lub suab uas tus kws kho mob tsuas hnov tau nrog lub stethoscope xwb. Tsis txhob ntshai yog tias koj hnov nws.
- Txawm hais tias qhov ua rau qhov no yog cov roj cholesterol hauv cov hlab ntsha (atherosclerosis), nws tsis yog ib txwm tshwm sim los ntawm tus mob hnyav.
- Qhov no yog ib qho 'lus qhia' tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tau saib xyuas thaum nws los txog rau qhov muaj feem yuav mob stroke. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tus kws kho mob hais txog qhov no, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej nws.
- Koj tus kws kho mob feem ntau yuav ua qhov kev ntsuas yooj yim hu ua 'Carotid Duplex Ultrasound' los paub meej tias muaj mob dab tsi.
- Txawm yuav tsum tau kho mob los tsis tau, thiab yuav ua li cas yog tias nws yog, nyob ntawm seb qhov kev txhaws loj npaum li cas thiab koj txoj kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho. Tham txog txhua yam nrog koj tus kws kho mob.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus