Thaum peb hnov lo lus "mob qog noj ntshav," peb txhua tus ntshai me ntsis, puas yog? Tsis muaj lus los piav qhia txog kev ntshai thiab kev poob siab uas peb xav, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum lo lus ntawd cuam tshuam nrog peb tus menyuam. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nkag siab qhov no kom zoo . Vim tias niaj hnub no, nrog rau cov txheej txheem kho mob siab heev, muaj feem ntau dua rau cov menyuam yaus kom kho tau cov mob no.
Kab mob qog nqaij hlav thaum yau yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, mob qog noj ntshav rau menyuam yaus yog ib pawg mob qog noj ntshav uas cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog ntawm 0 thiab 19 xyoos. Qhov no suav nrog ob qho tib si mob qog noj ntshav rau menyuam yaus, uas cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus txij thaum yau mus txog 14 xyoos, thiab mob qog noj ntshav rau cov hluas, uas cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus txij li 15 txog 19 xyoos.
Txawm tias nyob hauv lub tebchaws zoo li Asmeskas, muaj li ntawm 15,000 tus menyuam yaus raug kuaj pom tias muaj mob qog noj ntshav txhua xyoo. Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog, ua tsaug rau cov kev kho mob tshiab, uas haum rau menyuam yaus, 8 ntawm 10 tus menyuam tseem muaj sia nyob tom qab tsib xyoos. Txawm li cas los xij, peb yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias txawm tias tom qab cov kev kho mob no, peb yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv.
Cov menyuam yaus muaj mob qog noj ntshav hom twg?
Cov mob qog nqaij hlav rau menyuam yaus muaj peb pawg tseem ceeb:
1. Kab mob ntshav dawb thiab Lymphoma
2. Mob qog hauv lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum
3. Cov qog nqaij hlav khov kho
Cia peb saib txhua yam no kom meej me ntsis.
1. Kab mob ntshav dawb thiab Lymphoma
Cov no yog cov mob qog ntshav .
- Kab mob ntshav dawb (leukemia) yog hom mob qog noj ntshav uas feem ntau tshwm sim rau menyuam yaus. Nws pib hauv cov pob txha ntawm tus menyuam. Raws li koj paub, cov pob txha yog qhov chaw uas peb cov qe ntshav raug tsim.
- Lymphoma pib nyob rau hauv cov qe ntshav ntawm lub cev lymphatic ntawm ib tug menyuam yaus. Nws yog hom mob qog noj ntshav thib peb uas feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus.
Cov hom mob leukemia feem ntau tshwm sim rau menyuam yaus yog:
- Kab mob leukemia lymphoblastic mob hnyav (ALL) - Qhov no yog kab mob qog noj ntshav uas feem ntau kuaj pom hauv menyuam yaus.
- Kab mob ntshav dawb myeloid (AML)
Cov hom lymphoma feem ntau tshwm sim rau menyuam yaus yog:
- Hodgkin lymphoma
- Non-Hodgkin lymphoma - Qhov no kuj muaj cov subtypes xws li Burkitt lymphoma thiab diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
2. Mob qog hauv lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum
Cov no yog hom mob qog noj ntshav thib ob uas feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus. Lawv tshwm sim thaum cov hlwb ib txwm muaj hauv lub paj hlwb (CNS) ntawm tus menyuam hloov mus ua cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Muaj ntau hom ntawm cov no, xws li Medulloblastoma thiab Glioma. Tab sis tag nrho cov npe no tsis tseem ceeb rau koj, qhov tseem ceeb yog kom paub tias mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov chaw no.
3. Cov qog nqaij hlav khov kho
Cov qog nqaij hlav khov kho yog tsim los thaum cov qe ntshav qog noj ntshav faib, loj hlob, thiab koom ua ke los ua ib pawg. Lawv tuaj yeem loj hlob nyob qhov twg ntawm lub cev ntawm tus menyuam. Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv:
- Mob qog nqaij hlav pob txha - xws li osteosarcoma thiab Ewing sarcoma.
- Mob qog ntawm cov noob qes
- Hepatoblastoma (mob qog nqaij hlav hauv siab)
- Neuroblastoma
- Retinoblastoma (mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm qhov muag)
- Rhabdomyosarcoma (mob qog nqaij hlav ntawm cov leeg)
- Mob qog nqaij hlav Wilms (mob qog nqaij hlav raum)
Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau yog dab tsi?
Nov yog ib yam tseem ceeb heev. Cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov menyuam yaus qee zaum zoo ib yam li cov tsos mob ntawm lwm yam mob hauv cov menyuam yaus me. Xav txog nws, ntau tus menyuam yaus me me tau mob taub hau, mob plab, thiab mob me me. Tsis yog txhua yam no yog cov cim qhia ntawm mob qog noj ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj cov tsos mob no tseem muaj lossis hnyav zuj zus, koj yuav tsum tham nrog kws kho mob txog lawv.
Yuav pab koj kawm txog mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau, Pawg Neeg Saib Xyuas Mob Qog Noj Ntshav Thaum Yau tau tsim ib daim ntawv teev cov tsos mob uas yuav pab koj nco qab cov tsiaj ntawv ntawm lo lus Askiv 'CHILDCANCER'. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi:
- C - `Kev poob phaus txuas ntxiv mus, tsis muaj laj thawj`: Kev poob phaus txuas ntxiv mus, tsis muaj laj thawj.
- H - 'Mob taub hau, feem ntau nrog ntuav thaum sawv ntxov': Mob taub hau, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias nrog ntuav thaum sawv ntxov.
- Kuv - 'O o ntau ntxiv lossis mob tas li hauv pob txha, pob qij txha, nraub qaum lossis ceg': o ntau ntxiv lossis mob tas li hauv pob txha, pob qij txha, nraub qaum lossis ceg.
- L - 'Lub pob los yog pawg': Yog tias pom muaj pob los yog pawg hauv caj dab, hauv siab, qhov tso, plab, lossis lub duav.
- D - 'Kev tsim muaj kev mob nqaij ntau dhau, los ntshav lossis pob khaus': Kev mob nqaij ntau dhau, los ntshav (piv txwv li, ntshav ntswg, cov pos hniav los ntshav) lossis pob khaus tam sim ntawd ntawm daim tawv nqaij yam tsis muaj laj thawj.
- C - 'Kev kis kab mob tas li, ntau zaus lossis kav ntev': Cov kab mob uas tshwm sim ntau zaus thiab kav ntev (piv txwv li kub taub hau, hnoos).
- A - 'Ib xim dawb tom qab lub qhov muag': Yog tias pom xim dawb hauv lub qhov muag, tom qab lub qhov muag dub (lub qhov muag).
- N - 'Xeev siab uas tseem muaj, lossis ntuav yam tsis xeev siab': Xeev siab uas tseem muaj, lossis ntuav yam tsis xeev siab.
- C - `Kub nkees tas li (qaug zog) lossis pom tseeb tias daj ntseg (pallor)`: Kub nkees tas li (qaug zog) lossis pom tseeb tias daj ntseg (pallor)`.
- E - 'Kev hloov pauv ntawm qhov muag lossis kev pom uas tshwm sim sai sai thiab nyob mus ib txhis': Kev hloov pauv ntawm kev pom uas tshwm sim sai sai thiab nyob mus ib txhis (piv txwv li, pom ib yam lossis ob yam, pom tsis meej).
- R - 'Kub taub hau rov tshwm sim lossis kub taub hau tas li': Kub taub hau uas rov qab los lossis txuas ntxiv mus (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog kub taub hau uas tsis muaj laj thawj paub tseeb) es tsis yog mob khaub thuas.
Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, nws tsis tas txhais tau tias lawv muaj mob qog noj ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los nrhiav kev pab kho mob kom tshem tawm txhua yam kev tsis ntseeg.
Vim li cas cov menyuam yaus thiaj muaj mob qog noj ntshav?
Kab mob qog nqaij hlav tshwm sim thaum peb cov noob caj noob ces hloov pauv (kev hloov pauv) thiab cov hlwb txawv txav tsim. Cov hlwb qog nqaij hlav txawv txav no faib sai sai, ua rau cov hlwb zoo tsis muaj zog. Yog tias tsis kho, cov hlwb qog nqaij hlav no tuaj yeem kis mus thoob plaws lub cev (mob qog nqaij hlav kis mus rau lwm qhov).
Cov yam uas ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov neeg laus (haus luam yeeb, raug tshav ntuj, tshuaj lom neeg) feem ntau tsis siv rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov menyuam yaus. Cov kev hloov pauv caj ces no tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus vim yog cov laj thawj uas cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tab tom tshawb nrhiav. Cov kev hloov pauv no tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ntej lossis tom qab tus menyuam yug los.
Zoo hmoo, kev tshawb fawb txog mob qog noj ntshav tau txheeb xyuas cov kev hloov pauv caj ces uas cuam tshuam nrog qee yam mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau. Cov ntaub ntawv no pab cov kws kho mob xaiv txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau lawv tus menyuam.
Puas muaj tej yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo?
Cov kws kho mob paub tias qee yam kev mob caj ces uas tau txais los ntawm noob caj ces tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam muaj feem yuav mob qog noj ntshav ntau ntxiv. Piv txwv li, hauv Tebchaws Meskas, kwv yees li 8 txog 10 ntawm 100 tus menyuam uas muaj mob qog noj ntshav muaj mob caj ces cuam tshuam nrog nws. Piv txwv li suav nrog Li-Fraumeni syndrome thiab Down syndrome.
Qhov no tsis tau txhais hais tias txhua tus menyuam uas muaj tus mob no yuav muaj mob qog noj ntshav. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj tus mob no, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom kuaj mob qog noj ntshav.
Cov kws kho mob kuaj mob qog noj ntshav li cas rau cov menyuam yaus?
Cov kws kho mob siv ntau txoj kev kuaj mob los kuaj mob qog noj ntshav:
- Kev kuaj ntshav: Cov no kuaj seb puas muaj qhov tsis zoo hauv cov qe ntshav ntawm tus menyuam. Cov no tuaj yeem yog ib qho cim qhia tias muaj mob qog noj ntshav.
- Kev kuaj duab: Cov no tso cai rau tus kws kho mob pom cov duab ntawm cov kabmob thiab cov nqaij hauv koj tus menyuam lub cev. Piv txwv li suav nrog CT scans, MRIs, PET scans, thiab ultrasounds.
- Kev kuaj mob: Ib qho qauv ntawm cov kua dej lossis cov nqaij mos raug coj los ntawm thaj chaw uas muaj kev xav tsis thoob thiab tus kws kho mob kuaj xyuas nws hauv qab lub tshuab microscope kom pom tias puas muaj cov hlwb qog noj ntshav.
- Kev kuaj cov pob txha thiab kev rho cov pob txha: Yuav muab cov pob txha coj mus kuaj seb puas muaj mob qog noj ntshav.
- Kev tho qhov mob ntawm lub duav : Qhov no suav nrog kev coj cov kua dej cerebrospinal (CSF) ntawm tus menyuam (cov kua dej ntshiab uas nyob ib puag ncig lub hlwb thiab tus txha caj qaum) los kuaj xyuas cov hlwb qog noj ntshav lossis cov cim qog nqaij hlav.
- Kev kuaj noob caj noob ces: Cov no nrhiav kev hloov pauv noob caj noob ces uas cuam tshuam nrog qee yam mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau. Cov no tuaj yeem pab xaiv txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws.
Yuav kho tus mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau li cas?
Muaj ntau txoj kev kho mob rau mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau:
- Kev Kho Mob Siv Tshuaj: Qhov no yog kev kho mob feem ntau rau mob qog noj ntshav hauv menyuam yaus. Nws suav nrog kev muab tshuaj los tua cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Tus menyuam raug kho ua ntu zus. Txhua ntu suav nrog ib hnub kho mob thiab ib hnub rov zoo.
- Kev kho mob siv hluav taws xob: Qhov no suav nrog kev siv lub tshuab los xa hluav taws xob los ua kom lub qog nqaij hlav me dua lossis rhuav tshem. Lossis, ib lub cuab yeej uas tso hluav taws xob rau lub qog nqaij hlav yuav raug cog rau hauv lub cev ntawm tus menyuam.
- Kev hloov noob hlwb: Qhov no yuav yog ib qho kev xaiv yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj mob leukemia lossis lymphoma. Ua ntej, kev siv tshuaj chemotherapy ntau heev yuav raug muab los tua cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Tom qab ntawd, cov hlwb tsim ntshav noj qab haus huv yuav raug coj los ntawm tus neeg pub dawb thiab muab rau tus menyuam.
- Kev Phais Mob: Qee zaum cov kws phais mob tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov qog nqaij tawv tag nrho. Lwm lub sijhawm, tus menyuam yuav xav tau lwm yam kev kho mob nrog rau kev phais mob.
- Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob thiab kev kho mob tsom rau cov neeg mob: Cov no yog cov kev kho mob tshiab. Kev kho mob tiv thaiv kab mob pab tus menyuam lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam tus mob qog noj ntshav. Kev kho mob tsom rau cov kev hloov pauv caj ces tshwj xeeb hauv cov hlwb qog noj ntshav. Cov kev kho mob no qee zaum muab ua ib feem ntawm kev sim tshuaj.
Kev sim tshuaj kho mob yog dab tsi? Nws yog ib txoj kev tshawb fawb uas sim seb cov kev kho mob qog noj ntshav tshiab puas ua haujlwm tau zoo. Cov no tseem ceeb heev rau kev sib ntaus sib tua qog noj ntshav. Yog tias lwm yam kev kho mob tsis tau pab txaus, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xa koj tus menyuam mus rau ib qho ntawm cov kev sim no.
Tag nrho cov no yog ua los muab kev saib xyuas zoo tshaj plaws rau koj tus menyuam.
Thaum twg kuv yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob txog kuv tus menyuam?
Nrhiav kev pab kho mob yog tias koj tus menyuam:
- Yog tias cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob qog noj ntshav phem dua li koj xav tau.
- Yog tias koj tus menyuam nyob rau hauv "kev zam txim" (tsis muaj cov cim lossis cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav), thiab koj pib pom cov cim qhia tias mob qog noj ntshav yuav rov qab los.
Tsis tshua muaj, cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav thiab cov kev mob tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho mob tuaj yeem yog xwm txheej ceev. Koj tus menyuam tus kws kho mob yuav piav qhia seb cov tsos mob twg yuav tsum tau kho tam sim ntawd.
Puas kho tau mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau?
Hauv cov teb chaws uas muaj kev vam meej thiab muaj cov chaw kho mob zoo, muaj ntau tshaj 8 ntawm 10 tus menyuam uas muaj mob qog noj ntshav tau kho zoo. Qhov no yog raws li cov feem pua ntawm kev ciaj sia nyob tsib xyoos rau cov mob qog noj ntshav hauv menyuam yaus feem ntau.
Lo lus "kho" kuj siv los piav txog mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau uas tau ploj mus lawm. Piv txwv li, 9 ntawm 10 tus menyuam uas muaj mob qog ntshav lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) ploj mus lawm (tsis muaj cov cim lossis tsos mob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav ntxiv lawm).
Tiam sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov feem pua ntawm kev ciaj sia no tsuas yog kwv yees xwb. Lawv tsis qhia txog cov yam ntxwv tshwj xeeb uas yuav cuam tshuam rau koj tus menyuam txoj kev paub. Yog vim li cas nws thiaj li tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog koj tus menyuam qhov kev kwv yees.
Lub neej ntev npaum li cas ntawm ib tug menyuam uas tau zoo los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav?
Txawm hais tias mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau feem ntau kho tau los xij, cov teebmeem ntawm tus kab mob no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm tus menyuam mus ntev. Raws li kev tshawb fawb tsis ntev los no, cov neeg uas muaj sia nyob los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau yuav muaj lub neej luv dua li lwm tus. Lawv kuj muaj feem yuav muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv thaum lawv laus, xws li kab mob plawv, cov mob uas cuam tshuam nrog cov tshuaj hormones, thiab mob qog noj ntshav theem ob.
Tiamsis tsis yog txhua tus neeg muaj feem yuav zoo ib yam. Muaj ntau yam nyob ntawm hom mob qog noj ntshav uas tus menyuam tau muaj thiab kev kho mob uas lawv tau txais. Piv txwv li, kev hloov noob hlwb feem ntau yuav muaj cov teebmeem lig. Kev kho mob xws li kev phais thiab kev siv tshuaj chemotherapy tsawg tsawg yuav tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem yav tom ntej.
Txawm li cas los xij, txhua tus menyuam uas rov zoo los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav xav tau kev saib xyuas mus sij hawm ntev. Thaum lub sijhawm saib xyuas no, yuav muaj kev kuaj mob tsis tu ncua kom paub txog tej yam tshwm sim uas yuav tshwm sim tom qab kev kho mob.
Kuv ua tau dab tsi los pab kuv tus menyuam?
Cov kws tshaj lij hais tias kom qhib siab thiab ncaj ncees thaum tham nrog koj tus menyuam txog mob qog noj ntshav. Cov no tuaj yeem yog kev sib tham nyuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshaj lij ntseeg tias cov menyuam yaus tau txais txiaj ntsig los ntawm kev paub txog dab tsi tshwm sim rau lawv thiab yuav ua li cas txog nws. Cov menyuam loj dua thiab cov menyuam yaus me me tuaj yeem nkag siab cov lus piav qhia yooj yim. Yog tias koj tus menyuam tseem hluas, koj yuav xav tham nrog tus kws tshwj xeeb txog lub neej menyuam yaus lossis tus kws kho mob hlwb menyuam yaus txog yuav ua li cas tham nrog lawv txog mob qog noj ntshav.
Ua tus saib xyuas koj tus menyuam, koj yog lawv lub zog loj tshaj plaws. Koj paub koj tus menyuam zoo tshaj plaws. Kawm cov lus qhia ntawm lawv thiab txhawb nqa lawv txhua kauj ruam ntawm txoj kev.
Thaum kawg, tej yam yuav tsum nco ntsoov (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)
Txhua xyoo, muaj ntau txhiab tus niam txiv hnov cov lus "koj tus menyuam muaj mob qog noj ntshav." Tab sis ntau zaus, lawv hnov cov lus "peb kho tau, tej zaum kho tau, mob qog noj ntshav ntawm koj tus menyuam."Ua tsaug rau cov kev kho mob tshiab, ntau tus menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas tau rov zoo los ntawm mob qog noj ntshav.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev kho mob tsuas yog ib kauj ruam hauv kev taug kev mus tas li ntawm kev saib xyuas. Pab neeg kho mob ntawm koj tus menyuam yuav qhia koj txog kev saib xyuas uas koj tus menyuam yuav xav tau thaum lub sijhawm thiab tom qab kev kho mob. Tsis txhob tso tseg kev cia siab, nrog cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev txhawb nqa zoo, koj tuaj yeem ntsib qhov teeb meem no.
👩🏽⚕️ Cov Lus Nug Ntxiv (FAQs)
💬 Puas yog cov mob qog nqaij hlav thaum yau los ntawm tib yam li cov mob qog nqaij hlav thaum laus (haus luam yeeb/cawv)?
Yeej tsis tau! Tseem tsis tau pom qhov ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv menyuam yaus. Cov no tsis yog los ntawm tib yam li cov neeg laus (haus luam yeeb, noj zaub mov tsis zoo, lossis ua rau muaj kuab paug rau ib puag ncig). Feem ntau cov mob qog noj ntshav hauv menyuam yaus yog los ntawm 'kev hloov pauv caj ces' (DNA mutations) uas tshwm sim hauv plab lossis los ntawm cov mob uas tau txais los ntawm niam txiv.
💬 Cov mob qog noj ntshav twg feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus?
Kab mob qog ntshav uas feem ntau tshwm sim rau menyuam yaus yog leukemia (kab mob qog ntshav rau menyuam yaus - ALL). Tsis tas li ntawd, cov qog hauv hlwb, lymphoma, thiab neuroblastoma, uas tshwm sim hauv lub paj hlwb, nrog rau mob qog raum (Wilms tumor), kuj tshwm sim rau menyuam yaus.
💬 Koj paub li cas tias ib tug me nyuam yuav muaj mob qog noj ntshav?
Mob qog noj ntshav rau menyuam yaus thaum xub thawj yuav nyuaj rau kuaj mob, vim tias lawv zoo li cov kab mob uas ib txwm muaj. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj ib lub qog/o txawv txawv, kub taub hau uas tsis poob qis txawm tias noj tshuaj, nws pheej mob (hloov xiav), nws pheej poob phaus thiab tsis noj mov, lossis nws qhia tias muaj mob, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob menyuam yaus tam sim ntawd.
` Mob qog noj ntshav rau menyuam yaus, mob ntshav dawb dawb, mob qog ntshav hauv lub hlwb, cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav, kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm menyuam yaus
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus