Koj puas tau hnov ​​txog lub ntsws tawg? (Pneumothorax/Collapsed Lung) Cia peb tham txog qhov no!

Koj puas tau hnov ​​txog lub ntsws tawg tam sim ntawd? Qee zaum nws yuav nyuaj rau ua pa thiab ua rau mob hauv siab. Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua "pneumothorax" lossis "lub ntsws tawg " hauv kev kho mob. Nws tsis yog qhov tshwm sim tsawg li koj xav. Yog li, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub txog qhov no. Cia peb tham txog nws kom meej thiab yooj yim hnub no, puas yog?

Pneumothorax yog dab tsi? Hais yooj yim xwb...

Hais yooj yim xwb, pneumothorax yog qhov uas cua sib sau ua ke hauv qhov chaw nruab nrab ntawm koj lub ntsws thiab koj lub hauv siab (hu ua "qhov chaw pleural") . Xav txog koj lub ntsws zoo li lub npas. Qhov chaw pleural yog qhov chaw me me ntawm lub npas thiab lub thawv uas tuav lub npas. Feem ntau, tsis muaj cua ntau hauv qhov chaw no. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias qhov chaw pleural no puv nrog cua, cua yuav thawb rau ntawm lub ntsws. Nws zoo li ua kom lub npas puv thiab ua rau nws poob qis. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub ntsws poob tag nrho lossis ib feem. Ib txhia neeg kuj hu qhov no ua "lub ntsws raug tho."

Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias pneumothorax qee zaum tuaj yeem yog xwm txheej ceev hauv kev kho mob . Yog tias koj xav tias koj lub ntsws tab tom tawg, koj yuav tsum mus rau chav kho mob ceev ntawm koj lub tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws sai li sai tau.

Puas muaj hom mob pneumothorax?

Yog, muaj ob hom mob ntsws (pneumothorax): Mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm tus kheej (Spontaneous) thiab Mob Raug Mob (Traumatic ). Cia peb saib seb cov no yog dab tsi.

1. Pneumothorax uas tshwm sim los ntawm tus kheej

Qhov no tshwm sim thaum lub ntsws tawg yam tsis muaj kev raug mob lossis kev phom sij. Kuj tseem muaj cov hom kab mob no:

• Kab mob ntsws ua pa tsis taus thawj zaug: Hauv qhov no, tsis muaj kab mob lossis mob uas ua rau lub ntsws tawg. Qee zaum cov hnab cua me me, tsis zoo li qub (blebs ) hauv lub ntsws tuaj yeem tawg thiab cua tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw pleural. Qhov no yuav tshwm sim ntau dua rau cov txiv neej siab, nyias, thiab hluas.
• Kab mob ntsws thib ob uas tshwm sim los ntawm tus kab mob ntsws . Piv txwv li, qee cov kab mob ntsws tuaj yeem ua rau qee qhov ntawm lub ntsws raug thaiv, ua rau cov hnab zoo li lub pob (bullae) uas tuaj yeem tawg.

2. Mob Pneumothorax Uas Ua Rau Mob Hlwb

Raws li lub npe qhia, qhov no tshwm sim vim yog raug mob lossis kev kho mob.

• Kev raug mobKev raug mob pneumothorax: Qhov mob no tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm kev raug mob rau hauv siab, xws li tav tawg hauv kev sib tsoo tsheb, lub ntsws raug tho, lossis qhov txhab raug chob.
• Kab mob ntsws loj (iatrogenic pneumothorax): Qee zaum, thaum lub sijhawm kho mob, xws li kev kuaj me me ntawm lub ntsws ( kev kuaj lub ntsws ) lossis kev ntxig ib lub raj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha loj hauv caj dab (ib txoj hlab ntsha hauv nruab nrab), lub ntsws tuaj yeem raug mob yam tsis tau xav txog.

Muaj lwm hom mob pneumothorax tshwj xeeb:

• Mob ntsws ntsws (tension pneumothorax): Qhov no yog ib qho mob txaus ntshai heev uas yuav tsum tau kho mob tam sim ntawd . Qhov tshwm sim ntawm no yog tias cua nkag mus rau hauv qhov chaw pleural, tab sis tsis muaj txoj hauv kev tawm. Nws zoo li lub qhov cua ib txoj kev. Tom qab ntawd qhov siab hauv lub hauv siab nce ntxiv heev , tsis yog tsuas yog ua rau lub ntsws tawg ntxiv xwb, tab sis kuj muab qhov siab rau lub plawv thiab cov hlab ntsha loj. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.
• Kab mob ntsws Catamenial pneumothorax: Qhov no yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj. Nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau cov poj niam uas muaj mob hu ua endometriosis (kev loj hlob ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg endometrial sab nraum lub tsev menyuam). Cov ntaub so ntswg no tuaj yeem loj hlob hauv qhov chaw pleural, los ntshav thaum lub sijhawm muaj hli, thiab nias lub ntsws.

Lub ntsws tawg loj npaum li cas?

Qhov hnyav ntawm qhov no nyob ntawm seb ua rau mob ntsws thiab lub ntsws puas tsuaj npaum li cas. Qee qhov mob me me tsis loj thiab tej zaum yuav zoo li qub. Tab sis qee qhov, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob ntsws tension pneumothorax , yog cov mob hnyav uas xav tau kev kho mob thaum muaj xwm txheej ceev. Tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem qhia koj meej tias koj lub ntsws puas tsuaj npaum li cas thiab xav tau kev kho mob dab tsi.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob pneumothorax yog dab tsi?

Thaum lub ntsws tawg, cov tsos mob xws li:

• Mob ib sab ntawm lub hauv siab , tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum ua pa.
• Hnoos.
• Ua pa sai .
• Lub plawv dhia nce ntxiv.
• Kev nkees, kev qaug zog.
• Ua pa nyuaj ("dyspnea").
• Xim xiav ntawm daim tawv nqaij, daim di ncauj, lossis rau tes ( "cyanosis" ) - Qhov no txhais tau tias lub cev tsis tau txais oxygen txaus.

Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob no, mus rau tsev kho mob ze tshaj plaws tam sim ntawd.Tej zaum yuav xav tau kev kho mob sai .

Dab tsi yog cov ua rau muaj mob pneumothorax?

Muaj peb yam tseem ceeb ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem no: qee yam mob, raug mob, thiab qee yam kev ua neej.

Cov mob nkeeg:

• Mob hawb pob
• Mob ntsws o
• Kab mob ntsws ua pa nyuaj (COPD)
• Kab mob ntawm cov hlab ntsha collagen
• Mob cystic fibrosis
• Mob ntsws ua pa nyuaj
• Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
• Mob qog nqaij hlav ntsws
• Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
• Kab mob ntsws
• Mob ua pa nyuaj heev (ARDS )

Kev raug mob:

• Kev raug mob hnyav rau lub hauv siab.
• Ib rab phom tua.
• Kev raug mob los ntawm riam phom ntse, xws li qhov txhab raug chob.
• Kev kho mob, piv txwv li, thaiv cov hlab ntsha , kuaj lub ntsws , tso cov kab venous hauv nruab nrab , lossis siv tshuab ua pa .

Cov yam ntxwv ntawm kev ua neej:

• Kev siv tshuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov tshuaj nqus pa.
• Haus luam yeeb.
• Kev hloov pauv loj ntawm huab cua uas tshwm sim thaum lub sijhawm caij dav hlau.
• Scuba los yog kev dhia dej tob hauv hiav txwv.

Leej twg muaj feem yuav mob no tshaj?

Tej zaum koj yuav muaj feem mob pneumothorax ntau dua yog tias koj:

• Yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg tau muaj mob pneumothorax ua ntej (keeb kwm tsev neeg).
• Thaum cev xeeb tub.
• Yog koj muaj lub cev siab thiab nyias nyias, tshwj xeeb yog tias koj yog ib tug txiv neej.
• Yog tias koj muaj cov kab mob ntawm cov nqaij sib txuas xws li Marfan syndrome .
• Yog tias koj muaj endometriosis .

Cov teeb meem uas yuav tshwm sim ntawm lub ntsws tawg yog dab tsi?

Txawm hais tias feem ntau cov neeg uas lub ntsws tawg tsis muaj teeb meem los xij, qee tus neeg tuaj yeem muaj teeb meem loj heev. Cov no suav nrog:

• Kev rov nthuav dav ntawm lub ntsws edema .
• Kev puas tsuaj rau lub ntsws lossis kev kis kab mob thaum lub sijhawm kho mob.
• Kev ua pa tsis ua haujlwm .
• Lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm (Lub plawv tsis ua haujlwm).

Yuav kuaj mob pneumothorax li cas?

Feem ntau cov kws kho mob kuaj mob no los ntawm kev mloog koj lub ntsws thiab siv cov kev kuaj duab xws li cov duab X-ray hauv siab , CT scans ( computed tomography scans ), lossis lub ntsws ultrasound . Qee zaum lawv kuj tseem yuav ua qhov kev kuaj "pa roj ntshav hauv cov hlab ntsha" los xyuas cov pa oxygen thiab carbon dioxide hauv koj cov ntshav.

Koj tus kws kho mob yuav nug txog koj cov mob ntsws thiab kuaj lub cev. Qee hom, xws li tension pneumothorax, tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm kev saib cov tsos mob xwb.

Yuav kho tus mob pneumothorax li cas?

Kev kho mob uas koj yuav tau txais yuav nyob ntawm seb ua rau muaj mob ntsws (pneumothorax) li cas, qhov loj me, thiab qhov hnyav ntawm tus kab mob no. Cov kev kho mob no yuav muaj xws li:

• Kev Soj Ntsuam: Yog tias koj lub ntsws me me, koj tus kws kho mob yuav soj ntsuam koj, nrhiav seb puas muaj teeb meem plawv lossis ua pa, thiab yuav hais kom koj rov qab los ntsib kws kho mob dua.
• Kev kho mob siv oxygen.
• Thoracentesis: Qhov no suav nrog kev ntxig ib rab koob ib ntus ntawm cov tav ntawm sab ntawm pneumothorax kom tshem tawm cov pa uas tau sau rau hauv siab.
• Kev tso dej tawm ntawm lub raj hauv siab: Yog tias koj muaj mob ntsws loj, koj tus kws kho mob yuav muab ib lub raj ( lub raj hauv siab ) tso rau hauv koj lub hauv siab kom txo qhov cua hauv qhov chaw pleural. Thaum lub zog cua txo qis, lub ntsws tuaj yeem rov ua pa thiab kho tau. Lub raj no yuav raug tso rau hauv qhov chaw rau ob peb hnub lossis ntev dua.
• Kev Siv Tshuaj Pleurodesis: Yuav kom tiv thaiv lub ntsws kom tsis txhob tawg dua, tus kws kho mob yuav ua ib qho txheej txheem hu ua pleurodesis . Hauv cov txheej txheem no, tus kws kho mob ua ib qho kev txiav me me hauv lub hauv siab thiab ntxig ib lub raj. Tom qab ntawd, siv cov tshuaj (xws li doxycycline lossis hmoov talcum) , lub ntsws txuas nrog lub hauv siab. Qhov no tshem tawm qhov chaw ntxiv.

Tej zaum yuav muaj ib txhia neeg yuav tsum tau phais mob kom kho qhov puas tsuaj rau lawv lub ntsws thiab kho kom zoo. Tej zaum yuav tsum tau phais mob rau cov xwm txheej hauv qab no:

• Yog tias cua tseem xau los ntawm lub raj hauv siab.
• Yog tias lub ntsws tsis ua pa txawm tias tom qab muab lub raj hauv siab tso rau hauv lawm los xij.
• Yog tias lub ntsws ua haujlwm tas li.
• Yog tias muaj pneumothorax hauv ob lub ntsws.
• Yog tias lub ntsws raug mob hnyav heev.

Puas tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob pneumothorax?

Koj ua tau cov no kom txo tau qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm lub ntsws tawg:

• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws.
• Tsis txhob ua tej yam uas muaj kev hloov pauv loj heev ntawm lub zog cua (xws li kev dhia dej tob hauv hiav txwv, kev caij dav hlau). Yog tias koj ua tej yam no, ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia.
• Yog koj muaj kab mob ntsws, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tsis tu ncua kom paub seb koj puas muaj mob ntsws.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj qee yam mob lossis keeb kwm tsev neeg muaj mob pneumothorax, tej zaum yuav tsis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv qhov no.

Yog tias koj muaj mob pneumothorax, yuav tsum xav li cas?

Yog koj lub ntsws tawg lawm, tej zaum koj yuav tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob ob peb hnub lossis ntev dua kom tau kev kho mob thiab kev soj ntsuam. Koj tus kws kho mob mam li saib xyuas koj tus mob thiab muab oxygen rau koj yog tias xav tau.

Yuav siv sijhawm ntev npaum li cas rau lub ntsws kom zoo?

Feem ntau, lub ntsws tuaj yeem kho tau hauv ob peb hnub txog ob lub lis piam. Koj lub cev yuav nqus cov pa ntxiv uas tau khaws cia ib puag ncig lub ntsws, ua rau lawv rov ua pa dua.

Lub ntsws puas kho tau tag nrho?

Feem ntau cov neeg rov zoo los ntawm tus mob no yam tsis tas yuav kho mob loj. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj feem yuav rov qab tshwm sim dua. Yog li, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog feem yuav rov qab tshwm sim dua thiab yuav ua li cas yog tias cov tsos mob rov qab los.

Puas yog mob pneumothorax ua rau tuag taus?

Muaj tej zaum yuav muaj mob ntsws (pneumothorax) uas ua rau tuag taus. Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob xav tias lub ntsws tawg yooj yim. Ib txwm nrhiav kev kho mob.

Kuv yuav saib xyuas kuv tus kheej li cas?

Tom qab koj rov qab los tsev los ntawm tsev kho mob, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum saib xyuas koj tus kheej raws li koj tus kws kho mob qhia koj. Lawv yuav hais kom koj so, txwv lossis tsum qee yam kev ua ub no. Piv txwv li:

• Haus luam yeeb.
• Cov dav hlau.
• Kev dhia dej tob hauv hiav txwv.

Tom qab koj rov qab los tsev, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob txhua hnub uas tau teem tseg.

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kuv tus kws kho mob thaum twg?

Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj cov tsos mob rov tshwm sim dua lossis hnyav zuj zus. Yog tias koj tau muaj mob ntsws ua ntej, koj muaj feem yuav muaj mob ntxiv.

Kuv yuav tsum mus rau Chav Kho Mob Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev (ETU) thaum twg?

Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm lub ntsws tawg (xws li mob hauv siab, ua pa nyuaj), mus rau chav kho mob ceev tam sim ntawd. Tej zaum koj yuav xav tau kev kho mob sai.

Kuv yuav tsum nug kuv tus kws kho mob li cas?

Tej zaum yuav pab tau yog koj nug koj tus kws kho mob cov lus nug zoo li no:

• Dab tsi ua rau kuv lub ntsws ntsws?
• Puas muaj dab tsi uas kuv ua tau los tiv thaiv kom lub ntsws tsis txhob ntsws dua?
• Kuv muaj cov kev kho mob twg?
• Yog tias kuv yuav tsum tau muab ib lub raj mis tso rau hauv siab, nws yuav nyob ntev npaum li cas?
• Kuv puas yuav xav tau cov pa oxygen ntxiv?
• Kuv puas yuav tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob?
• Tom qab kho tas lawm, kuv yuav xav tau kev saib xyuas li cas?
• Tom qab kuv tawm hauv tsev kho mob lossis chaw kho mob lawm, kuv yuav xav tau kev saib xyuas zoo li cas?
• Kuv yuav tsum tsis txhob ua dab tsi tom qab kho mob?

Thaum kawg, nco ntsoov (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Feem ntau, mob pneumothorax kho tau yooj yim nrog kev kho mob tsawg kawg nkaus. Txawm li cas los xij,Txhua yam kev mob ntsws tawg yuav tsum tau kho raws li qhov xwm txheej ceev kom txog thaum koj paub ntau ntxiv txog nws. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev mob ntsws tawg, xws li mob hauv siab lossis ua pa nyuaj, nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd. Koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem txiav txim siab qhov kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau koj. Tsis txhob ntshai, tab sis tsis txhob ncua sijhawm. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog ua sai sai.