Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob, qee zaum lawv yuav sau ntawv kom koj sau cov tshuaj uas koj tsis paub lub npe, puas yog? Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tham txog cov tshuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub hlwb, peb yuav xav paub me ntsis, thiab tej zaum yuav ntshai me ntsis. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib pawg tshuaj uas nyuaj me ntsis, tab sis tseem ceeb heev. Ntawd yog pawg tshuaj hu ua Dopamine Antagonists. Tsis txhob ntshai thaum koj hnov lub npe, cia peb nkag siab qhov no yooj yim heev.
Dab tsi yog cov dopamine antagonists?
Ua ntej peb nkag siab qhov no, peb yuav tsum paub tias "Dopamine" yog dab tsi. Hais yooj yim xwb, dopamine yog ib yam tshuaj xa xov hauv peb lub hlwb. Hauv kev kho mob, peb hu qhov no ua neurotransmitter. Xav txog tias cov ntaub ntawv tau sib pauv ntawm cov hlwb hauv peb lub hlwb los ntawm cov neeg xa xov no.
Cov hlwb hauv peb lub hlwb muaj cov khoom hu ua "receptors." Cov no zoo li cov yuam sij uas haum rau hauv lub qhov yuam sij. Tus neeg xa xov hu ua dopamine yog tus yuam sij uas haum rau lub qhov yuam sij no. Thaum tus yuam sij no (dopamine) mus thiab txuas rau lub qhov yuam sij (lub receptor), lub hlwb ntawd "tig mus."
Tam sim no saib seb, ib yam tshuaj hu ua dopamine antagonist ua ib yam txawv heev. Cov tshuaj no kuj mus rau tus yuam sij ntawd (receptor) thiab teeb nws. Tab sis nws tsis ua kom lub cell ua haujlwm. Nws zoo li tus yuam sij tawg uas daig hauv tus yuam sij. Ntawd yog, cov tshuaj no thaiv tus yuam sij tiag tiag, uas yog, dopamine, los ntawm kev tuaj thiab txuas mus rau tus yuam sij.
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm los ntawm kev tswj cov haujlwm ntawm dopamine hauv lub hlwb kom txog rau qib uas xav tau. Qhov kev tswj no tseem ceeb heev vim tias cov qib dopamine nce ntxiv tsis tsim nyog rau qee yam kev mob hlwb.
Cov tshuaj no siv rau cov mob twg?
Cov tshuaj dopamine antagonist muaj peev xwm muab faib ua ob pawg tseem ceeb:
1. Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev puas siab puas ntsws: Cov no yog cov tshuaj uas siv ntau tshaj plaws.
2. Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kev Ntshai: Qee cov tshuaj muaj ob pawg no.
Rau kev mob hlwb (Antipsychotics)
Cov tshuaj no tseem ceeb heev rau kev tswj cov mob hauv qab no:
- Schizophrenia thiab lwm yam kab mob hlwb cuam tshuam
- Kev puas siab puas ntsws bipolar
- Kev puas siab puas ntsws tsis meej
- Kev vwm
- Kev nyuaj siab loj heev nrog lossis tsis muaj cov tsos mob ntawm kev puas siab puas ntsws
- Kev ntxhov siab hnyav
- Cov kab mob hlwb uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj yeeb
Rau kev ntuav thiab xeev siab (Antiemetics)
Txawm hais tias ntuav thiab xeev siab yog qhov teeb meem me me rau qee tus neeg, qee zaum lawv tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij. Piv txwv li, cov tshuaj no pab tswj kev ntuav ntau dhau thaum lub sijhawm kho mob qog noj ntshav hauv cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav. Lawv kuj tseem siv los tiv thaiv kev xeev siab thiab ntuav uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj loog tom qab phais.
| Pawg tshuaj | Qee cov piv txwv uas siv ntau zaus |
|---|---|
| Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kev Pw Tsaug Zog (Ib Txwm Muaj) thawj tiam neeg | Haloperidol, Chlorpromazine, Fluphenazine |
| Cov Tshuaj Tiv Thaiv Kev Pw Tsaug Zog Tiam Ob (Atypical) | Cov tshuaj no muaj xws li: Olanzapine, Risperidone, Quetiapine, Aripiprazole, Clozapine. |
| Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev ntuav | Metoclopramide, Prochlorperazine, Domperidone (siv hauv Sri Lanka) |
Tseem Ceeb: Cov no tsuas yog ob peb yam piv txwv xwb. Tsuas yog koj tus kws kho mob thiaj li txiav txim tau txoj kev kho mob zoo tshaj plaws rau koj.
Cov tshuaj no muaj txiaj ntsig zoo li cas?
Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem pab tau ntau tus neeg uas muaj mob hlwb kom lawv ua neej zoo li qub. Yog tsis muaj cov tshuaj no, qee tus neeg mob yuav raug pw hauv tsev kho mob mus tas lawv lub neej. Cov tshuaj no tuaj yeem tiv thaiv cov neeg mob kom tsis txhob raug mob thiab cia lawv nyob zoo hauv zej zog.
Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev ntuav hnyav thaum lub sijhawm kho mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm zoo li tus cawm txoj sia.
Cia peb kuj paub txog cov kev mob tshwm sim thiab kev pheej hmoo.
Ib yam li lwm yam tshuaj, cov tshuaj dopamine antagonists tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phiv. Cov no tuaj yeem sib txawv nyob ntawm hom tshuaj uas koj noj, qhov ntau npaum li cas, thiab koj lub cev mob. Yog tias koj muaj kev phiv, tsis txhob tsum noj tshuaj thiab qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
| Tej zaum yuav muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo | Piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Kev siv tshuaj loog | Nws yog ib yam uas ntau tus neeg tau ntsib. Nws tuaj yeem ua rau qaug zog thiab tsaug zog. |
| Teeb meem ntsig txog kev txav mus los | Tej yam xws li tsis nyob twj ywm (akathisia), cov leeg nqaij ntswj lossis ntswj tsis tau (dystonia), thiab cov leeg nqaij txav mus los ntev ntawm lub ntsej muag lossis lub cev (tardive dyskinesia). |
| Ntshav siab qis | Thaum koj sawv ntsug tam sim ntawd, koj ob lub qhov muag yuav xiav thiab koj yuav hnov qhov tsaus ntuj (Orthostatic hypotension). |
| Kev hloov pauv ntawm cov tshuaj hormones | Kev nce ntxiv ntawm cov tshuaj hormone prolactin tuaj yeem ua rau cov poj niam tsis muaj hli thiab tsim cov kua mis tawm ntawm lawv lub mis. |
| Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome | Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas tsis tshua muaj tab sis mob hnyav heev, uas ua rau tuag taus. Yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li kub taub hau heev, nqaij tawv nruj, thiab tsis meej pem, koj yuav tsum mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd. |
Kuv puas tsav tsheb tau thaum noj cov tshuaj no?
Muaj ntau yam tshuaj dopamine antagonists ua rau tsaug zog thiab tsis tshua muaj kev ceeb toom. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho zoo kom tsis txhob tsav tsheb lossis siv cov tshuab uas yuav tsum tau ceev faj thaum pib noj tshuaj no lossis thaum hloov cov tshuaj. Nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los nug koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no thiab ua raws li nws cov lus qhia.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dopamine yog ib hom tshuaj tseem ceeb heev uas thaiv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov tshuaj hu ua dopamine hauv lub hlwb thiab siv los kho cov kab mob hlwb thiab ntuav.
- Cov tshuaj no tso cai rau ntau tus neeg kom ua neej nyob zoo li qub.
- Ib yam li txhua yam tshuaj, cov no tuaj yeem muaj cov kev mob tshwm sim, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog teeb meem txav mus los thiab qaug zog.
- Tsis txhob tsum noj cov tshuaj no lossis hloov qhov ntau npaum li cas yam tsis tau kev qhia los ntawm kws kho mob. Ua li ntawd tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij.
- Yog koj muaj tej yam tshwm sim tsis zoo, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog tej yam ntawd. Feem ntau cov teeb meem tsis zoo no yeej tswj tau.
- Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob txog lwm yam tshuaj uas koj noj.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus