Kab mob G6PD Deficiency yog dab tsi? Cia peb kawm yam tsis ntshai!

Koj puas tau hnov ​​txog G6PD Deficiency? Tej zaum lub npe yuav txawv me ntsis. Tiam sis qhov tseeb nws yog ib qho mob caj ces uas ntau tus neeg hauv ntiaj teb muaj, tab sis feem ntau nws tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem loj. Yog li, hnub no peb yuav tham txog qhov G6PD deficiency no yog dab tsi, vim li cas nws thiaj tshwm sim, thiab peb yuav tsum paub dab tsi. Tsis tas yuav ntshai, cia peb piav qhia txhua yam yooj yim.

Qhov tsis txaus G6PD yog dab tsi tiag?

Hais yooj yim xwb, G6PD deficiency yog ib yam mob uas koj lub cev muaj G6PD tsawg heev. Zoo, tam sim no koj tab tom nug seb G6PD yog dab tsi. G6PD (Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase) yog ib qho enzyme tseem ceeb heev hauv peb lub cev. Lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov enzyme no yog los tiv thaiv peb cov qe ntshav liab ntawm ntau yam kev puas tsuaj.

Qhov tsis txaus no tshwm sim thaum ib tug neeg yug los muaj kev hloov pauv, lossis kev hloov pauv, hauv cov noob caj noob ces uas ua rau G6PD enzyme. Yog li ntawd, koj cov qe ntshav liab tsis tsim cov G6PD enzyme txaus.

Tiam sis ntawm no yog qhov teeb meem. Muaj ntau tus neeg uas muaj G6PD deficiency tsis muaj tsos mob dab tsi li . Lawv nyob lub neej ib txwm. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum, teeb meem tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm "cov teeb meem" xws li qee yam tshuaj, kev kis kab mob, lossis qee yam khoom noj (peb yuav tham txog cov no tom qab). Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, tus mob hu ua hemolytic anemia tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov qe ntshav liab raug rhuav tshem sai sai thiab raug rhuav tshem. Qee zaum, cov menyuam mos tshiab tuaj yeem mob jaundice hnyav vim yog G6PD deficiency.

Kab mob G6PD deficiency yog ib yam mob uas tshwm sim ntau dua li koj xav. Kwv yees li ntawm 400 thiab 500 lab tus tib neeg thoob ntiaj teb muaj tus mob no. Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj muaj tus mob no, koj tus kws kho mob tuaj yeem pab koj tswj koj cov qe ntshav liab kom nyob rau theem nyab xeeb.

Cov tsos mob ntawm G6PD deficiency yog dab tsi?

Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej lawm, feem ntau cov neeg uas muaj G6PD deficiency feem ntau tsis muaj tsos mob. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tsos mob tsuas yog tshwm sim thaum muaj teeb meem ua rau koj cov qe ntshav liab ntxhov siab thiab ua rau lawv tawg (hemolysis). Thaum qhov ntawd tshwm sim, tej yam zoo li no tuaj yeem tshwm sim:

• Xav tias nkees heev
• Lub plawv dhia ceev ceev ( tachycardia )
• Ua pa nyuaj ( Dyspnea )
• Daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij lossis dawb ntawm lub qhov muag (cov no yog cov cim qhia ntawm jaundice )
• Tawv nqaij dawb (daim di ncauj thiab tus nplaig tej zaum yuav dawb)
• Cov zis daj tsaus, txiv kab ntxwv, los yog xim tshuaj yej
• Lub qhov zis loj dua

Yog tias cov tsos mob no tshwm sim sai sai thiab hnyav heev, nws hu ua kev kub ntxhov hemolytic . Yog tias koj ntsib qhov no , nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Cov tsos mob ntawm G6PD deficiency hauv cov menyuam mos

Cov menyuam mos tsis tshua muaj cov tsos mob pom tseeb ntawm G6PD deficiency. Cov tsos mob feem ntau yog jaundice . Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv ob peb hnub tom qab yug los. Yog tias tsis kho kom zoo, jaundice hnyav tuaj yeem ua rau lub hlwb puas tsuaj rau tus menyuam. Qhov no hu ua kernicterus . Qhov no yog vim li cas cov kws kho mob kuaj cov menyuam mos rau G6PD deficiency yog tias lawv xav tias muaj.

Dab tsi ua rau muaj G6PD tsis txaus?

Qhov tsis muaj G6PD yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv (variant) hauv koj cov noob caj noob ces G6PD. Qhov kev hloov pauv no tiv thaiv koj lub cev los ntawm kev qhia koj kom ua cov enzyme G6PD kom raug. Koj tau txais qhov kev hloov pauv caj ces no los ntawm koj niam koj txiv, los ntawm X chromosome .

Muaj qhov kev hloov pauv caj ces no txhais tau tias koj cov qe ntshav liab muaj cov G6PD qis. Cov enzyme G6PD tseem ceeb heev vim nws tiv thaiv cov qe ntshav liab kom tsis txhob muaj ntau "free radicals ." Free radicals feem ntau yog cov tshuaj tsis muaj teeb meem. Lawv tuaj yeem pom nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig, hauv qee yam khoom noj (piv txwv li taum fava), thiab hauv cov tshuaj.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj tsis muaj G6PD txaus, qee yam ua rau (piv txwv li noj taum fava) tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntau cov free radicals no hauv koj cov hlwb. Qhov no ua rau muaj ib qho mob hu ua oxidative stress , uas ua rau koj cov hlwb ntshav liab ntxhov siab. Thaum kawg, cov hlwb no tawg thiab raug rhuav tshem. Qhov no txo ​​cov hlwb ntshav liab, ua rau muaj mob ntshav tsis txaus .

Cov ua rau muaj cov ntshav tsis txaus ntawm cov ntshav uas cuam tshuam nrog tus mob no yog dab tsi?

Raws li qee cov kws tshawb fawb, kev noj cov taum fava yog qhov ua rau muaj feem ntau . Yog tias ib tus neeg uas muaj G6PD deficiency pib muaj ntshav tsis txaus tom qab noj cov taum fava, nws hu ua favism . Lwm yam ua rau muaj feem ntau yog:

• Cov kab mob: Cov kab mob xws li Hepatitis A thiab Hepatitis B , Typhoid Fever , thiab Pneumonia .
• Qee cov tshuaj siv rau mob malaria: Piv txwv li , Primaquine .
• Qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob : xws li nitrofurantoin , dapsone, thiab sulfa tshuaj .
• Cov tshuaj NSAIDs (tshuaj loog mob): Zoo li aspirin thiab ibuprofen .
• Haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv ntau dhau.
• Kev ntxhov siab hnyav heev.
• Kev tawm dag zog lub cev hnyav.

Cov yam ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo yog dab tsi?

Muaj ntau yam uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev tsis muaj G6PD:

• Txiv neej/Poj niam:Cov txiv neej muaj feem yuav muaj G6PD deficiency ntau dua. Qhov no yog vim cov txiv neej tsuas muaj ib qho X chromosome uas nqa qhov kev hloov pauv caj ces no. (Vim tias cov poj niam muaj ob lub X chromosomes, muaj tej lub sij hawm uas qhov teeb meem nrog ib qho tuaj yeem kho tau los ntawm lwm qhov.)
• Qhov chaw nyob: Tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim ntawm cov neeg nyob hauv sub-Saharan Africa, thaj tsam Mediterranean, thiab Southeast Asia.
• Haiv Neeg: Cov kws tshawb fawb kwv yees tias ntau dua 10% ntawm cov txiv neej ntawm cov neeg Asmeskas hauv Tebchaws Meskas muaj G6PD deficiency.

Yuav kuaj mob G6PD li cas?

Feem ntau cov kws kho mob yuav nug txog koj keeb kwm kev mob nkeeg tag nrho thiab kuaj lub cev. Lawv kuj tseem yuav nug seb koj puas tau hloov tshuaj lossis muaj kab mob. Lawv kuj tseem yuav xyuas seb puas muaj leej twg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj G6PD deficiency.

Cov kev kuaj mob uas siv los kuaj mob G6PD deficiency yog:

• Kev suav cov ntshav tag nrho (CBC): Xyuas koj cov qe ntshav liab.
• Kev Kuaj Ntshav Ntawm Sab Nraud: Tshawb xyuas seb puas muaj cov cim qhia tias muaj ntshav tsis txaus hauv kev kuaj ntshav, uas yog, nrhiav cov qe ntshav liab uas muaj cov duab txawv lossis loj tsis zoo.
• Kev Kuaj Bilirubin: Xyuas seb bilirubin ntau npaum li cas, uas yog cov khoom pov tseg uas tsim los ntawm cov qe ntshav liab uas tawg lawm.
• Kev Kuaj G6PD: Xyuas koj cov qib G6PD enzyme.

Yuav kho tus kab mob G6PD li cas?

Cov kws kho mob yuav kho tus mob raws li tus mob. Piv txwv li, yog tias koj muaj mob daj ntseg me ntsis thiab koj paub tias koj muaj G6PD deficiency, lawv yuav kho cov tsos mob ntawm mob daj ntseg ua ntej. Tom qab ntawd, lawv yuav qhia koj seb yam dab tsi ua rau koj xav tau kom tsis txhob muaj.

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias cov tsos mob hnyav heev, kev kho mob yuav txawv. Yog tias koj muaj mob ntshav tsis txaus (hemolytic anemia) hnyav heev, tej zaum koj yuav xav tau kev hloov ntshav .

Yog tias koj tus menyuam mos muaj mob daj ntseg, koj tus kws kho mob yuav kho nws nrog kev siv phototherapy (kev kho mob siv lub teeb ntuj lossis lub teeb dag). Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav dua, koj tus menyuam yuav tsum tau hloov pauv ntshav . Qhov no suav nrog kev tshem tawm cov ntshav tsis zoo ntawm tus menyuam thiab hloov nws nrog cov ntshav zoo, pub dawb.

Puas tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob G6PD tsis txaus?

Vim qhov no yog ib qho mob uas los ntawm noob caj ces, nws tsis muaj peev xwm tiv thaiv nws kom tsis txhob tshwm sim. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj ntau txoj hauv kev los txheeb xyuas nws ua ntej nws ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv loj. Cov no suav nrog:

• Kev Tshuaj Xyuas Cov Menyuam Mos Tshiab: Hauv ntau lub tebchaws uas muaj tus mob no, cov kev pab cuam tshuaj xyuas muaj nyob rau hauv qhov chaw los txheeb xyuas G6PD deficiency hauv cov menyuam mos tshiab.
• Kev kuaj noob caj noob ces: Yog tias ib tug neeg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj G6PD deficiency, koj kuj tseem yuav tsum tau kuaj DNA.Koj tus kws kho mob yuav qhia koj kom ua li ntawd.

Yog tias kuv muaj tus mob no, kuv yuav cia siab li cas?

Tsis muaj kev kho kom zoo rau tus kab mob G6PD deficiency mus tas li . Txawm li cas los xij, feem ntau cov neeg tuaj yeem ua neej nyob yam tsis muaj teeb meem yog tias lawv zam kev ua rau muaj teeb meem. Thiab nws tsis cuam tshuam rau lub neej.

Txawm li cas los xij, qhov mob no tsis cuam tshuam rau txhua tus tib yam. Ntau tus neeg uas muaj G6PD deficiency tej zaum yuav tsis paub tias lawv muaj nws vim lawv tsis muaj tsos mob. Feem ntau cov neeg uas muaj cov tsos mob tsis hnyav heev. Txawm li cas los xij, rau qee tus, thaum raug rau qhov ua rau, lawv tuaj yeem tsim teeb meem hemolytic, uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.

Koj tus kws kho mob piav qhia tau zoo tshaj plaws txog yam koj xav tau raws li koj qhov kev kuaj mob.

Kuv yuav saib xyuas kuv tus kheej li cas?

Nug koj tus kws kho mob seb koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj dab tsi thiab noj tshuaj dab tsi. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia ntxiv:

• Txwv kev haus dej cawv: Kev haus dej cawv ntau dhau tuaj yeem ua rau koj cov qe ntshav liab muaj zog.
• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb: Kev haus luam yeeb tuaj yeem ua rau cov free radicals sib sau ua ke hauv koj cov qe ntshav liab.
• Kev tawm dag zog kom zoo: Kev tawm dag zog hnyav dhau tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev ntxhov siab oxidative.
• Sim so kom txaus: Kev pw tsaug zog ua rau koj lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob muaj zog, uas pab tawm tsam cov kab mob uas tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ntshav tsis txaus hauv kev hloov ntshav.
• Tswj kev ntxhov siab: Yog tias koj xav tias ntxhov siab heev, nug koj tus kws kho mob kom pab tswj koj qhov kev ntxhov siab.

Tseem Ceeb: Yog tias koj tus menyuam mos muaj G6PD deficiency, koj yuav tsum tsis txhob noj cov taum fava thaum pub niam mis . Cov tshuaj uas ua rau muaj pernicious anemia tuaj yeem kis mus rau tus menyuam los ntawm mis niam.

Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kuv tus kws kho mob thaum twg?

Mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob txhua lub sijhawm yog tias koj muaj cov tsos mob ntawm G6PD deficiency. Yog tias cov tsos mob hnyav thiab tshwm sim sai (cov cim ntawm kev los ntshav), nrhiav kev kho mob tam sim ntawd .

Kuv yuav tsum nug kuv tus kws kho mob li cas?

Nov yog qee cov lus nug uas yuav tsum nug yog tias koj muaj G6PD deficiency:

• Kuv tus mob hnyav npaum li cas?
• Kuv yuav tsum tsis txhob noj cov khoom noj thiab cov tshuaj twg?
• Puas muaj tej yam uas ua rau kuv tsis txhob raug tej yam uas ua rau kuv ntshai?
• Muaj pes tsawg feem pua ​​uas kuv tus menyuam yuav tau txais G6PD deficiency?

Thaum kawg, yuav tsum nco ntsoov li cas (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Kev kuaj mob G6PD deficiency muaj feem cuam tshuam rau txhua tus neeg sib txawv. Txawm hais tias nws tsis tuaj yeem kho tau, feem ntau nws yog ib qho mob uas tswj tau. Qhov tseem ceeb yog txheeb xyuas thiab zam cov teeb meem uas ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob ntshav tsis txaus.Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias tsis txhob noj cov taum fava thiab lwm yam uas ua rau mob. Nws tseem ceeb heev rau kev xyaum ua kom noj qab haus huv, xws li so kom txaus thiab tsis txhob haus luam yeeb. Nug koj tus kws kho mob kom paub cov ntaub ntawv los pab koj tswj hwm qhov G6PD deficiency cuam tshuam rau koj lub neej li cas. Tsis txhob ntshai, kev paub txog yog qhov kev tiv thaiv zoo tshaj plaws!

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