Cia peb kawm txog cov hlab ntsha zoo kawg uas tswj koj tus nplaig! (Hypoglossal Nerve)

Koj puas tau xav paub tias peb hais lus li cas, nqos zaub mov, lossis tswj peb tus nplaig thaum peb tsuas yog nthuav nws tawm thiab qhib peb lub qhov ncauj? Peb tus nplaig yog tus neeg ua si tseem ceeb tom qab tag nrho cov no. Tab sis tus nplaig ua tsis tau tej yam no ntawm nws tus kheej. Nws yuav tsum tau txais cov cim qhia kom raug los ntawm lub hlwb. Niaj hnub no peb tab tom tham txog ib lub paj hlwb tshwj xeeb uas coj cov cim qhia tseem ceeb mus rau tus nplaig. Ntawd yog lub paj hlwb hypoglossal, lossis '(Hypoglossal Nerve)'.

Lub paj hlwb Hypoglossal yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, qhov no yog ib qho ntawm 12 khub ntawm cov hlab ntsha tshwj xeeb uas los ntawm peb lub hlwb ncaj qha. Hauv kev kho mob, peb hu 12 lub hlab ntsha no ua cov hlab ntsha cranial. Nws zoo li 12 tus neeg xa xov tshwj xeeb los ntawm lub hlwb, uas yog lub chaw ua haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm peb lub cev. Lub kaum ob ntawm cov no (12th cranial nerve) yog lub paj hlwb hypoglossal.

Lub ntsiab lus ntawm lub npe no yog hais tias hauv lus Greek, "hypo" txhais tau tias "hauv qab." "glossal" txhais tau tias "tus nplaig." Uas yog, lub npe hais txog cov hlab ntsha nyob "hauv qab tus nplaig."

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog tias qhov no yog ib lub paj hlwb uas ua haujlwm rau lub cev . Qhov ntawd txhais tau tias nws tsis nqa kev xav, tab sis nws tswj kev txav mus los. Lub paj hlwb no ua haujlwm zoo li ib txoj hlua uas xa cov lus txib los ntawm lub hlwb mus rau cov leeg ntawm tus nplaig kom "txav mus rau qhov no," "kwv mus rau qhov no," thiab "txav mus tom ntej."

Cov haujlwm tseem ceeb ntawm cov hlab ntsha no yog dab tsi?

Xav txog seb, koj tab tom noj ib pluag mov qab heev. Tus nplaig pab koj txav cov zaub mov hauv koj lub qhov ncauj, zom nws, sib tov nws zoo nrog cov qaub ncaug, thiab tom qab ntawd xa nws mus rau hauv koj lub caj pas, uas yog, nqos nws. Tsis tas li ntawd, thaum peb hais cov tsiaj ntawv zoo li "ல, ர, ந, ன" muaj pes tsawg txoj kev uas tus nplaig txav mus los? Tag nrho cov kev txav no, tag nrho cov kev ua tsis pom kev no, raug tswj los ntawm cov cim los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal no.

Cov yam tseem ceeb uas cov hlab ntsha no pab peb yog:

• Hais Lus: Hais cov lus kom meej thiab txav cov leeg ntawm tus nplaig kom raug.
• Nqos zaub mov: Ua ib lub pob khoom noj hauv koj lub qhov ncauj thiab thawb nws mus rau koj lub caj pas.
• Tsiv tej yam nyob ib puag ncig hauv koj lub qhov ncauj: Rau tej yam xws li tsiv khoom noj ntawm koj cov hniav thaum zom khoom, thiab tsiv dej ncig koj lub qhov ncauj thaum yaug koj lub qhov ncauj.
• Ua suab sib txawv nrog koj lub qhov ncauj: Cov hlab ntsha no kuj pab qee tus neeg ua tej yam xws li lub suab 'nias' uas lawv ua nrog lawv tus nplaig.

Cov hlab ntsha no mus ncig li cas hauv peb lub cev (Anatomy)

Cov hlab ntsha no pib ntawm lub hauv paus ntawm peb lub hlwb, ze ntawm qhov chaw uas cov hlab ntsha caj qaum pib. Peb hu thaj chaw no ua lub hlwb. Los ntawm qhov ntawd, cov hlab ntsha no mus deb heev mus rau tus nplaig.

Qhov no zoo li txoj kev me me ntawm lub hlwb mus rau tus nplaig. Tab tom mus:

1. Ua ntej, peb nqes los ntawm lub caj dab ntawm peb tus txha nqaj qaum.

2. Tom qab ntawd, ob lub hlab ntsha loj tseem ceeb heev hauv caj dab (cov hlab ntsha carotid thiab cov hlab ntsha jugular) raug ua tib zoo hla.

3. Txij ntawd mus, nws los ntawm sab nraub qaum ntawm caj pas thiab mus txog hauv qab ntawm lub qhov ncauj, uas yog, qhov chaw uas tus nplaig nyob.

4. Thaum kawg, cov ceg me me tawm thiab txuas rau ntau cov leeg nqaij hauv tus nplaig, txhua tus tau txais cov lus los ntawm lub hlwb.

Yog tias muaj xwm txheej, kev nyuaj siab, lossis kev mob nkeeg nyob qhov twg ntawm txoj kev no, qhov kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov hlab ntsha no tuaj yeem raug cuam tshuam.

Cov kab mob twg tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha no puas tsuaj?

Tu siab kawg li, ntau yam mob thiab kev raug mob tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb no puas tsuaj. Thaum qhov ntawd tshwm sim, qhov ua haujlwm ntawm tus nplaig pib poob qis. Cia peb saib cov laj thawj tseem ceeb.

Cov tsos mob ntawm kev puas tsuaj yog dab tsi?

Thaum cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal raug puas tsuaj, nws cov teebmeem yuav hnov ​​​​​​nyob rau hauv tus nplaig. Feem ntau, cov hlab ntsha no tsuas yog raug puas tsuaj rau ib sab (sab xis lossis sab laug). Qhov no ua rau sab ntawd ntawm tus nplaig tsis muaj zog .

Qhov tseem ceeb thiab yooj yim pom tau tshaj plaws yog:

Qhov laj thawj rau qhov no yog vim tias cov leeg nqaij ntawm sab zoo ntawm tus nplaig (sab laug) tsuas yog raug thawb xwb, ua rau tus nplaig raug thawb rau sab tsis muaj zog (sab xis).

Lwm cov tsos mob yuav muaj xws li:

• Nyuaj hais lus (Dysarthria): Cov lus tsis meej thiab hais tsis tau zoo.
• Nyuaj nqos (Dysphagia): Xav tias koj tab tom txhaws thaum nqos zaub mov lossis dej haus.
• Cov leeg nqaij ntawm tus nplaig Atrophy: Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, cov leeg nqaij ntawm sab uas puas tsuaj ntawm tus nplaig maj mam ntsws thiab nyias dua vim tsis muaj cov cim qhia ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
• Fasciculations: Cov leeg nqaij ntawm qhov chaw ntawm tus nplaig co, zoo li lawv raug cov kab mob txav mus los. Qhov no feem ntau tshwm sim hauv cov kab mob zoo li ALS.

Ceeb Toom: Yog tias cov tsos mob no nrog rau mob caj dab lossis mob taub hau sai sai, nws yuav yog ib qho cim qhia txog kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha loj hauv caj dab ("internal carotid artery"). Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum mus rau chav kho mob ceev (ETU) ntawm tsev kho mob tam sim ntawd .

Tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj xyuas qhov no li cas?

Thaum koj mus ntsib kws kho mob uas muaj cov tsos mob zoo li no, nws yuav ua qhov kev kuaj lub cev yooj yim ua ntej.

• Lawv hais kom koj muab koj tus nplaig tso rau pem hauv ntej: Ntawm no, lawv xyuas seb tus nplaig puas raug rub mus rau ib sab.
• Koj raug hais kom nias koj tus nplaig rau ntawm koj sab plhu: Koj raug hais kom nias koj tus nplaig rau ntawm ib sab ntawm koj sab plhu, thiab tus kws kho mob muab nws txhais tes tso rau sab nraud thiab xyuas seb qhov siab npaum li cas. Lub zog ntawm ob sab raug piv rau.
• Tus nplaig raug saib xyuas: Cov leeg ntawm tus nplaig raug kuaj xyuas kom zoo seb puas muaj kev puas tsuaj lossis kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov leeg.

Tom qab qhov kev kuaj thawj zaug no, yuav muaj kev kuaj ntxiv kom paub tseeb tias yog vim li cas cov tsos mob thiaj tshwm sim.

• Kev Ntsuas MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Qhov no pab kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj kev puas tsuaj rau lub hlwb, qog nqaij hlav, lossis lwm yam kev puas tsuaj.
• Kev Siv Lub Qhov Txhaws / Kev Siv Lub Pob Qij Txha: Qhov kev kuaj no yuav ua tau yog tias muaj kev xav tias muaj kev kis kab mob lossis cov hlwb qog nqaij hlav hauv lub hlwb lossis tus txha caj qaum.

Cov kev kho mob thiab peb yuav tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha no li cas?

Kev kho mob rau qhov puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlab ntsha hypoglossal nyob ntawm seb qhov ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem no yog dab tsi . Qhov no txhais tau tias kev kho qhov mob tseem ceeb dua li kev kho cov hlab ntsha nws tus kheej.

Piv txwv li:

• Yog tias qhov ua rau tuag tes tuag taw, kev kho mob thiab kev kho kom rov zoo uas cuam tshuam nrog kev tuag tes tuag taw yuav muab.
• Yog tias qhov ua rau yog mob qog noj ntshav, cov kev kho mob suav nrog kev phais, kev kho mob hluav taws xob, lossis kev kho mob chemotherapy.
• Yog tias qhov ua rau mob yog los ntawm kev kis kab mob, yuav muab cov tshuaj tua kab mob lossis lwm yam tshuaj kho mob rau koj.

Peb yuav tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha muaj nqis no li cas?

Muaj tej yam ua rau peb tsis txhob raug mob, xws li raug xwm txheej. Txawm li cas los xij, peb yeej tiv thaiv tau ntau yam kab mob. Qhov no tiv thaiv cov hlab ntsha no tsis pub leej twg paub.

• Kev ua neej noj qab nyob zoo: Kev noj zaub mov kom sib npaug thiab kev tawm dag zog tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob stroke thiab ntshav siab.
• Tswj koj qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo: Kev tswj koj qhov hnyav hauv lub cev tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob pw tsaug zog apnea.
• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab haus dej cawv: Ob qho kev coj ua no yog cov yam tseem ceeb uas ua rau muaj mob qog noj ntshav hauv taub hau thiab caj dab.
• Kev tswj kab mob ntev: Yog tias koj muaj kab mob zoo li ALS, koj tuaj yeem tswj kab mob los ntawm kev ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia raws nraim.