Koj tus menyuam puas nkees me ntsis? Nws puas zoo li muaj teeb meem nce ntaiv, khiav, lossis ua si? Nws puas muaj daim tawv nqaij liab-ntshav nyob ib ncig ntawm nws lub qhov muag thiab sab plhu? Qee zaum peb xav tias cov no yog kev ua xua yooj yim, tab sis qhov no yuav yog qee yam loj dua. Niaj hnub no peb tab tom tham txog Juvenile Dermatomyositis, lossis luv luv JDM, ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj uas cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus thiab muaj cov tsos mob zoo sib xws. Tsis txhob ntshai lub npe ntev, cia peb piav qhia txhua yam hauv cov lus yooj yim.
Kab mob tawv nqaij hluas (JDM) yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, JDM yog ib qho mob uas peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob , cia li tsis ua haujlwm thiab pib tawm tsam cov khoom noj qab haus huv ntawm peb lub cev. Tshwj xeeb, nws feem ntau cuam tshuam rau peb daim tawv nqaij, cov hlab ntsha me me, thiab cov leeg . Hauv kev kho mob, cov kab mob uas peb lub cev ua haujlwm tawm tsam peb hu ua 'autoimmune diseases' . Xav txog tias cov tub rog uas tiv thaiv peb lub tebchaws tab tom tawm tsam peb cov neeg.
Qhov mob no ua rau tus menyuam cov leeg nqaij tsis muaj zog. Qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau lawv sawv ntsug, nce ntaiv, khiav, ua si, thiab qee zaum ua tej yam yooj yim xws li txhuam lawv cov plaub hau. Ua ib tug niam txiv, nws yog ib qho yooj yim to taub tias yuav tu siab thiab ntshai thaum koj hnov txog tej yam mob uas ua rau koj tus menyuam ua tsis tau tej haujlwm txhua hnub. Tab sis qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tias kev kho mob rau JDM tuaj yeem tswj tau cov tsos mob thiab ua rau koj tus menyuam lub neej zoo dua.
Leej twg yuav muaj tus mob no tshaj?
Kab mob JDM yog ib yam kab mob tsis tshua muaj. Feem ntau nws pib rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog ntawm 5 thiab 10 xyoo. Nws kuj tseem muaj ob npaug ntau dua rau cov ntxhais dua li cov tub hluas. Txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau txhua tus menyuam, kev tshawb fawb pom tias nws muaj ntau dua rau cov menyuam dawb.
Cov neeg laus kuj tuaj yeem muaj cov tsos mob no. Tab sis feem ntau nws tshwm sim rau cov neeg laus hnub nyoog 40 lossis 50 xyoo. Thaum tus kab mob no tshwm sim rau cov neeg laus, peb hu nws ua Dermatomyositis . JDM thiab Dermatomyositis ob leeg yog nyob rau hauv tib pawg, uas yog, lawv yog ob kab mob uas koom nrog pawg ntawm cov kab mob o ntawm cov leeg hu ua Myositis .
Cov yam ntxwv thawj zaug ntawm JDM yog dab tsi?
Ua ntej koj tus menyuam raug kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob no, tej zaum koj yuav pom qee qhov kev hloov pauv hauv koj tus menyuam. Cov no yog cov cim qhia thawj zaug ntawm tus kab mob. Yog tias koj ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov no, koj tuaj yeem mus ntsib kws kho mob sai dua.
| Qhov tshwj xeeb thaum ntxov | Ib qho lus piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| qaug zog tas li | Tus me nyuam nkees tas li thiab tsis xav khiav thiab ua si li yav dhau los. |
| Kub taub hau tsis muaj laj thawj | Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias kub los yog sov so tsis muaj lwm yam laj thawj. |
| Pob qij txha o los yog mob nqaij | Thaum koj sawv thaum sawv ntxov, koj cov pob qij txha yuav tawv, thiab tej zaum yuav o me ntsis. |
| Kev ntshaw noj mov | Lub siab xav noj mov txo qis, thiab tej zaum koj yuav tsis thov zaub mov ntau npaum li yav dhau los. |
| Mob nqaij | Tus me nyuam yuav hais tias nws cov leeg nqaij mob thaum lub sijhawm ua ub ua no lossis ua si. |
| Kev poob phaus tsis muaj laj thawj | Yog tias tus menyuam qhov hnyav txo qis yam tsis tswj nws cov zaub mov noj, koj yuav tsum txhawj xeeb. |
| Mob pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij | Tej zaum yuav muaj pob khaus tshwm sim rau ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab tes. Kev hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij kuj tseem yuav nce ntxiv thaum raug tshav ntuj. |
Cia peb tham txog ob qho tsos mob tseem ceeb ntawm tus kab mob.
Thaum paub tseeb tias muaj tus mob JDM lawm, ces yuav muaj ob yam tsos mob tseem ceeb uas tseem muaj: kev hloov pauv ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab cov leeg nqaij tsis muaj zog.
1. Mob pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij
Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj JDM yuav muaj cov pob khaus tshwj xeeb heev.
- Kev hloov pauv ntawm lub ntsej muag: Qhov no pib nrog lub puab tsaig thiab lub qhov muag tig liab lossis ntshav . Qee zaum lub qhov muag zoo li o, yog li cov kws kho mob yuav xub xav tias nws yog kev ua xua yooj yim.
- Cov rau tes, hauv caug, thiab lub luj tshib: Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, cov tawv qhuav, liab lossis pob yuav tshwm sim rau ntawm koj tus menyuam cov rau tes, hauv caug, thiab lub luj tshib. Thaum xub thawj siab ib muag, cov no yuav zoo li eczema lossis psoriasis.
- Kev tsis haum tshav ntuj: Qhov no yog ib qho tsos mob tseem ceeb heev. Thaum ib tug me nyuam uas muaj JDM raug tshav ntuj, qhov tawv nqaij khaus no yuav hnyav zuj zus .
2. Cov leeg tsis muaj zog
Qhov no yog lwm yam tsos mob tseem ceeb thiab ua rau neeg ntxhov siab tshaj plaws ntawm JDM. Qhov tsis muaj zog no feem ntau pom hauv cov leeg nqaij ze ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub cev. Ntawd yog:
- Xub pwg
- Caj dab
- Thaj tsam ntawm lub duav
- Cov leeg nqaij plab
- Sab caj npab thiab ceg sab saud
Thaum cov leeg nqaij no tsis muaj zog, nws yuav nyuaj heev rau ib tug me nyuam ua tej yam txhua hnub. Piv txwv li, sawv ntawm qhov chaw zaum, nce ntaiv, sawv ntawm lub rooj zaum, khiav, thiab txhuam lawv cov plaub hau yuav nyuaj heev.
Hauv cov mob hnyav, JDM kuj tseem tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam txoj kev ua pa thiab nqos cov leeg . Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau txhaws, suab nrov, thiab ua pa nyuaj (ua tsis taus pa).
Yog tsis kho ces yuav muaj teeb meem dab tsi tshwm sim?
Mob JDM yog ib yam mob uas yuav tsum tau kho mob tam sim ntawd. Yog tias tsis kho, tej zaum yuav muaj teeb meem loj heev.
- Cov calcium uas tso rau hauv: Cov pob tawv thiab zoo li chalky tuaj yeem tsim nyob rau hauv qab daim tawv nqaij. Cov no tuaj yeem txwv tsis pub cov leeg txav mus los thiab ua rau mob.
- Cov leeg nqaij sib zog: Cov leeg nqaij yuav luv thiab pib sib zog thaum cov pob qij txha raug khoov. Qhov no ua rau nws nyuaj rau ncab ceg.
- Cov qhov txhab: Cov qhov txhab tuaj yeem tshwm sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij lossis hauv txoj hnyuv plab.
- Tsis muaj zog heev: Kev ua pa thiab nqos cov leeg nqaij tsis muaj zog heev tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus.
Tiamsis tsis txhob ntshai tom qab nyeem qhov no. Qhov no txhais tau tias yog tsis kho,Yuav muaj dab tsi tshwm sim tau? Yav dhau los, thaum tsis muaj kev kho mob zoo rau tus kab mob no, kwv yees li ib ntawm peb tus menyuam uas muaj tus kab mob JDM tau tuag. Tab sis niaj hnub no, nrog kev kho mob zoo dua, ntau dua 98% ntawm cov menyuam tseem muaj sia nyob tsib xyoos tom qab kuaj pom. Yog vim li cas kev kuaj mob thaum ntxov thiab kev kho mob kom zoo yog qhov tseem ceeb heev.
Vim li cas qhov no thiaj tshwm sim? Dab tsi yog qhov ua rau muaj JDM?
Zoo li peb tau tham ua ntej lawm, JDM yog ib yam kab mob autoimmune. Tab sis vim li cas peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ho tig rov los tawm tsam peb? Cov kws kho mob tseem tsis tau pom ib qho laj thawj tshwj xeeb rau qhov no .
Tiamsis muaj ntau lub tswv yim txog qhov no. Ib lub tswv yim tseem ceeb yog tias thaum ib yam dab tsi, xws li kev kis tus kab mob viral, nkag mus rau hauv lub cev, peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob pib tawm tsam nws. Txawm li cas los xij, txawm tias tom qab tus kab mob ploj mus lawm, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob no tsis tso tseg kev sib ntaus sib tua. Hloov chaw, nws ntseeg tias nws txuas ntxiv ua haujlwm thiab pib tawm tsam peb lub cev cov hlwb. Cov kws tshawb fawb kuj ntseeg tias tej zaum yuav muaj ib feem ntawm caj ces rau qhov no.
Tus kws kho mob kuaj mob li cas? (Kev kuaj mob)
Thaum koj coj koj tus menyuam mus ntsib kws kho mob, nws yuav xub kuaj xyuas tus menyuam kom zoo zoo. Qhov tseem ceeb, lawv yuav kuaj seb puas muaj pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab seb cov leeg nqaij puas muaj zog. Tom qab ntawd lawv yuav nug koj txog koj cov tsos mob.
Muaj ntau qhov kev kuaj mob kom paub tseeb tias yog qhov tseeb.
- Kev kuaj ntshav: Tsis muaj ib qho kev kuaj ntshav uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom JDM tam sim ntawd. Txawm li cas los xij, kev kuaj ntshav tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas cov yam xws li qib kev o ntawm lub cev, qib ntawm cov enzymes ntawm cov leeg uas sib sau ua ke hauv cov ntshav thaum cov leeg raug puas tsuaj, thiab cov protein tshwj xeeb (autoantibodies) uas feem ntau pom hauv JDM.
- Electromyography (EMG): Hauv qhov kev xeem no, cov electrodes me me zoo li koob raug ntxig rau hauv cov leeg thiab ntsuas kev ua haujlwm hluav taws xob ntawm cov leeg ntawd. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab nrhiav pom txhua yam tsis zoo hauv kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov leeg.
- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): Kev luam theej duab MRI tuaj yeem tsim cov duab ntxaws ntxaws ntawm sab hauv lub cev. Nws tuaj yeem pom meej meej txog tej yam xws li o thiab o ntawm cov leeg nqaij.
- Kev kuaj mob nqaij: Hauv qhov no, yuav muaj kev phais me me kom tshem tawm ib daim nqaij me me ntawm cov leeg nqaij uas raug mob thiab kuaj nws hauv qab lub tshuab tsom iav. Qhov no tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab seb puas muaj kev o ntawm cov leeg nqaij thiab seb nws puas yog los ntawm JDM lossis lwm yam kab mob, xws li Muscular Dystrophy .
- Kev kuaj mob capillaroscopy ntawm tus ntiv tes:Qhov no yog ib qho kev kuaj yooj yim heev, tsis mob. Ib lub cuab yeej uas muaj lub teeb tshwj xeeb thiab lub lens loj siv los kuaj cov hlab ntsha me me hauv qab tus menyuam cov rau tes. Cov hlab ntsha no feem ntau o rau cov menyuam yaus uas muaj JDM.
Cov kev kho mob rau JDM yog dab tsi?
Lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb ntawm kev kho mob JDM yog kom txo qhov o ntawm lub cev thiab txhim kho tus menyuam lub neej zoo. Txawm hais tias muaj ntau tus menyuam yuav tsum nyob nrog JDM tau ntau xyoo, kev kho mob tuaj yeem tswj cov tsos mob tau zoo heev. Tom qab kho mob, ntau tus menyuam mus ntau lub hlis lossis ntau xyoo yam tsis muaj tsos mob. Peb hu qhov no 'kev zam txim' .
Cov txheej txheem kho mob muaj peev xwm muab faib ua ob ntu tseem ceeb.
| Txoj kev kho mob | Kev piav qhia |
|---|---|
| Cov tshuaj | |
| Cov tshuaj Corticosteroids | Cov no yog cov tshuaj tseem ceeb uas tau muab ua ntej. Lawv txo qhov o ntawm lub cev sai sai thiab tswj kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. |
| Hydroxychloroquine tshuaj | Cov tshuaj no feem ntau siv los tswj cov pob khaus ntawm daim tawv nqaij. |
| Cov tshuaj immunoglobulin txhaj rau hauv cov hlab ntsha (IVIG) | Hauv qhov no, cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tau ntxuav los ntawm cov neeg pub ntshav noj qab haus huv raug muab rau hauv lub cev hauv cov kua ntsev. Cov no thaiv cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas ua rau mob thiab ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis txhob ntxhov siab. |
| Methotrexate | Cov tshuaj no yog muab rau yuav luag txhua tus menyuam yaus uas muaj JDM. Nws kuj tseem ua rau lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog thiab pab txo qhov kev siv cov tshuaj steroids. |
| Kev Ua Neej thiab Kev Kho Mob | |
| Kev hloov pauv hauv kev noj haus | Kev noj zaub mov kom sib npaug nrog txiv hmab txiv ntoo, zaub, nqaij ntshiv tsis muaj roj ntau, cov rog zoo, thiab cov nplej tag nrho tuaj yeem pab txo qhov o. Yog tias koj muaj teeb meem nqos, tej zaum yuav xav tau cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb txog kev noj haus. |
| Kev Kho Mob Lub Cev | Tus kws kho lub cev yuav muab cov kev tawm dag zog rau tus menyuam uas ua rau cov leeg muaj zog, tiv thaiv kom cov pob qij txha tsis khov, thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob mob. |
| Kev Kho Mob Hais Lus | Yog tias cov leeg nqaij uas koom nrog kev nqos lossis ua pa tsis muaj zog, tus kws kho kev hais lus tuaj yeem pab daws teeb meem thiab noj zaub mov kom muaj kev nyab xeeb. |
| Kev tiv thaiv hnub | Qhov no tseem ceeb heev . Ib txwm siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub uas muaj SPF 30 lossis siab dua. Hnav lub kaus mom, tsom iav dub, thiab khaub ncaws uas npog koj lub cev. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum tiv thaiv koj tus menyuam ntawm lub hnub ci ntsa iab ntawm 10 teev sawv ntxov thiab 4 teev tsaus ntuj. |
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Kab mob Juvenile Dermatomyositis (JDM) yog ib yam kab mob autoimmune uas tsis tshua muaj uas cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus. Qhov no txhais tau tias lub cev lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tawm tsam daim tawv nqaij thiab cov leeg.
- Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog cov pob liab-ntshav ntawm daim tawv nqaij (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog ntawm lub ntsej muag thiab pob qij txha) thiab cov leeg tsis muaj zog. Yuav tsum txhawj xeeb yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj cov cim qhia tias nws qaug zog lossis nyuaj rau nce ntaiv.
- Qhov no tsis muaj dab tsi yuav tsum ntshai. Nrog rau kev kho mob niaj hnub no, cov tsos mob tuaj yeem tswj tau thiab tus menyuam tuaj yeem ua neej nyob li qub.
- Kev tiv thaiv hnub yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev. Ua kom nws yog ib qho kev coj ua los siv tshuaj pleev thaiv hnub txhua hnub thiab hnav lub kaus mom. Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb rau kev tswj tus kab mob.
- Yog koj muaj kev xav tias koj tus menyuam muaj cov tsos mob no, mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd . Kev kuaj mob thiab kho mob sai sai yuav ua rau tus menyuam yav tom ntej muaj kev nyab xeeb.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus