Peb txhua tus paub tias lub raum yog cov lim dej hauv peb lub cev. Ib yam li lub lim roj hauv lub tsheb, ob lub raum no ua haujlwm zoo heev los ntxuav peb cov ntshav thiab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg tsis tsim nyog ua zis. Tab sis koj puas tau hnov txog cov phab ej me me tom qab txoj haujlwm loj no, cov uas koj tsis pom? Cov phab ej ntawd yog qhov peb hu ua 'Peritubular Capillaries'. Txawm hais tias lub npe yuav zoo li nyuaj me ntsis, txoj haujlwm uas lawv ua yog yooj yim heev thiab tseem ceeb. Hnub no, cia peb tham txog lub cev me me ntawm cov leeg ntshav no.
Hauv lus yooj yim, cov peritubular capillaries no yog dab tsi?
Zoo, cia peb piav qhia lub npe no.
- Peri txhais tau tias "nyob ib puag ncig".
- Tubular txhais tau tias "cov channel me me".
- Cov capillaries yog cov hlab ntsha zoo tshaj plaws hauv peb lub cev.
Yog li ntawd, hais yooj yim xwb, cov hlab ntsha peritubular yog ib lub network ntawm cov hlab ntsha me me uas qhwv ib ncig ntawm cov kav dej me me hauv peb lub raum. Xav txog tias lub raum yog ib lub nroog loj. Muaj li ib lab lub tsev me me hauv lub nroog ntawd. Peb hu cov tsev no ua nephrons . Cov nephrons no yog cov chav uas lim thiab ntxuav cov ntshav. Yog li, lub network ntawm cov txoj kev me me uas qhwv ib ncig ntawm txhua lub tsev no (nyob ib ncig ntawm cov kav dej nephron) hu ua peritubular capillaries. Nws yog los ntawm cov txoj kev no uas cov khoom tsim nyog (kev noj haus) raug coj mus rau cov tsev thiab cov khib nyiab (pov tseg) uas khaws cia hauv cov tsev raug coj mus.
Ob yam tseem ceeb uas tshwm sim hauv lub cev me me no yog dab tsi?
Cov hlab ntsha me me no zoo li ib tug kws suav nyiaj ntse. Nws ua tib zoo xaiv thiab cais qhov uas lub cev xav tau thiab qhov uas nws tsis xav tau. Txoj haujlwm no muaj ob ntu tseem ceeb.
1. Kev Tso Tawm: Tom qab thawj zaug lim dej hauv lub raum, cov khoom pov tseg uas tseem tshuav nyob hauv cov ntshav yuav raug tso tawm los ntawm cov leeg ntshav no mus rau hauv cov raj raum. Cov khoom pov tseg no ces yuav raug tso tawm hauv cov zis.
2. Rov nqus cov as-ham: Thaum lub raum lim ntshav, qee zaum qee yam zoo uas lub cev xav tau kuj raug lim tawm. Xav txog nws zoo li thaum koj lim ib khob tshuaj yej, qee cov suab thaj raug ntes hauv lub lim nrog rau nplooj tshuaj yej. Thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no, cov hlab ntsha peritubular no lees paub cov as-ham ntawd thiab rov nqus lawv mus rau hauv cov ntshav.
Cia peb saib daim ntawv no kom pom tias ob txoj kev no tseem ceeb npaum li cas.
| Cov khoom uas raug tshem tawm ntawm lub cev (cov khib nyiab) | Cov khoom noj uas rov nqus tau rau hauv lub cev (cov khoom noj muaj txiaj ntsig) |
|---|---|
| Urea: Cov khoom pov tseg nitrogen uas tsim thaum lub sijhawm rhuav tshem cov protein. | Cov amino acids: Cov khoom siv rau kev tsim cov protein. Tseem ceeb rau kev loj hlob ntawm lub cev. |
| Creatinine: Ib yam khoom pov tseg uas tsim tawm thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm ntawm cov leeg nqaij. | Glucose: Hom qab zib tseem ceeb uas muab zog rau peb lub cev. |
| Cov Acids Ntau Dhau: Cov acids ntau dhau raug tshem tawm kom sib npaug lub cev pH. | Cov zaub mov: Cov zaub mov xws li sodium thiab potassium yog qhov tseem ceeb rau lub cev. |
| Dej ntau dhau: Tswj cov dej hauv lub cev. | Cov vitamins: Cov vitamins uas lub cev xav tau. |
Hais yooj yim xwb, yog tsis muaj cov hlab ntsha peritubular no, ntau yam khoom noj khoom haus uas peb lub cev xav tau yuav ploj mus rau hauv cov zis, thiab cov khoom pov tseg uas ua rau lub cev puas tsuaj yuav sib sau ua ke hauv cov ntshav.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias cov capillaries no puas lawm?
Qhov no yog qhov uas peb yuav tsum txhawj xeeb heev. Thaum cov hlab ntsha no pib puas tsuaj, lawv ua tsis tau lawv txoj haujlwm kom zoo. Peb hu qhov mob no ua peritubular capillary rarefaction . Qhov no txhais tau tias qhov ceev ntawm cov hlab ntsha no txo qis, lawv nyias dua, thiab lawv raug rhuav tshem.
Qhov txaus ntshai tshaj plaws txog qhov no yog tias thaum cov channel no puas lawm, lawv muaj tsawg heev uas yuav rov zoo tau.
Qhov kev puas tsuaj no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj ob qho mob tseem ceeb:
1. Kab mob raum ntev (CKD):Thaum cov hlab ntsha hauv lub raum tsis ua haujlwm, cov txheej txheem lim dej ntawm lub raum maj mam ua tsis zoo. Raws sijhawm, qhov no tuaj yeem hloov mus ua kab mob raum ntev, thiab thaum kawg ua rau lub raum tsis ua haujlwm.
2. Mob ntshav siab: Lub raum tswj cov ntsev thiab dej hauv lub cev. Thaum cov hlab ntsha no puas lawm, qhov kev tswj no ploj mus. Yog li ntawd, ntshav siab pib nce. Tsis tas li ntawd, ntshav siab ua rau cov hlab ntsha no puas tsuaj ntxiv. Nws zoo li lub voj voog phem.
Dab tsi yog qhov ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha no?
- Kab mob ntshav qab zib
- Kev Ntshav Siab Tsis Tswj Tau
- Kab mob raum
- Cov kab mob Glomerular (cov kab mob cuam tshuam rau cov chav lim dej ntawm lub raum)
- Kev thaiv ntawm cov hlab ntsha
Cov tsos mob dab tsi qhia tias muaj teeb meem raum?
Kab mob raum feem ntau tsis qhia cov tsos mob loj thaum ntxov. Tab sis yog tias koj ua tib zoo saib xyuas koj lub cev, koj tuaj yeem paub txog qee cov cim qhia. Yog tias koj muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd .
- Mob ntawm ob sab ntawm lub cev, hauv qab cov tav.
- Kub taub hau uas los tsis muaj laj thawj.
- Xeev siab thiab ntuav.
- Kev qaug zog ntau dhau ntawm lub cev.
- Kev hloov pauv ntawm tus qauv tso zis:
- Tso zis ntau zaus dua li niaj zaus.
- Nyuaj siab tso zis.
- Ntshav nyob rau hauv cov zis (hematuria) .
- Kub hnyiab los yog mob thaum tso zis (dysuria) .
- Kev hloov xim ntawm cov zis (hloov mus ua xim av tsaus).
- O (edema), tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv ob txhais ceg, thaj tsam pob luj taws.
- Cov kab mob hauv txoj hlab zis rov tshwm sim dua (UTIs).
Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob no, tsis txhob tos thiab cia siab tias, "Qhov no yuav zoo dua li ob peb hnub." Nco ntsoov mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob thiab ua qhov kev kuaj mob tsim nyog.
Cov kev kuaj mob twg uas kuaj xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub raum?
Nyob ntawm seb koj cov tsos mob zoo li cas, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom kuaj ntau yam zoo li no.
1. Kev Ntsuas Kev Ua Haujlwm ntawm Lub Raum:
- Kev Kuaj Zis: Cov zis raug kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj cov protein, ntshav, thiab qab zib.
- Kev Kuaj Ntshav:Cov qib ntawm cov khoom pov tseg hu ua 'BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)' thiab 'Creatinine' hauv cov ntshav raug ntsuas. Yog tias cov no siab, nws txhais tau tias lub raum tsis tau lim cov khoom pov tseg kom zoo. Kev kuaj hu ua 'eGFR (kwv yees li ntawm Glomerular Filtration Rate)' kuj tseem tuaj yeem muab lub tswv yim zoo ntawm qhov ceev ntawm kev lim dej ntawm lub raum.
2. Kev Ntsuas Duab:
- Kev kuaj mob ultrasound hauv lub raum: Qhov no tuaj yeem xyuas seb qhov loj me, cov duab, thiab muaj pob zeb lossis lwm yam kev thaiv hauv lub raum.
- CT Scan lossis MRI Scan: Cov no yog siv yog tias koj xav tau tshuaj xyuas lub raum kom ntxaws ntxiv.
Peb yuav tiv thaiv lub cev capillary zoo nkauj no li cas?
Yeej tsis muaj dab tsi tshwj xeeb uas koj ua tau rau cov hlab ntsha peritubular no. Txhua yam peb yuav tsum ua yog ua kom peb lub raum noj qab nyob zoo. Yog tias lub raum noj qab nyob zoo, cov hlab ntsha me me no kuj noj qab nyob zoo thiab. Ua kom cov yam yooj yim no ua ib qho kev coj ua.
- Haus dej huv txaus thoob plaws hnub. Kev haus dej ua rau nws yooj yim dua rau cov raum lim thiab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg.
- Noj zaub mov kom zoo. Txo cov khoom noj uas muaj ntsev, qab zib, thiab rog ntau li ntau tau. Noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub ntau dua.
- Tswj ntshav qab zib thiab ntshav siab. Yog tias koj muaj cov mob no, noj cov tshuaj uas koj tus kws kho mob sau ntawv kom raws sijhawm. Mus kuaj mob tsis tu ncua.
- Tswj koj lub cev kom muaj qhov hnyav zoo. Kev rog dhau ua rau muaj kev nyuaj siab ntxiv rau lub raum.
- Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb kiag li. Kev haus luam yeeb yog ib qho ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj loj heev. Qhov no cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov hlab ntsha hauv lub cev.
- Tsis txhob siv cov tshuaj xws li tshuaj tua kab mob yam tsis tau kev qhia los ntawm kws kho mob. Kev siv qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob mus ntev yuav ua rau lub raum puas tsuaj. Tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej siv cov tshuaj twg los tau.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov hlab ntsha peritubular yog ib qho tseem ceeb, yooj yim heev ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub raum uas pab tshem tawm cov khoom pov tseg thiab rov nqus cov as-ham.
- Kev puas tsuaj rau cov channel no tuaj yeem yog qhov ua rau muaj kab mob raum ntev (CKD) thiab ntshav siab.
- Txoj kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv cov channel no yog ua kom koj ob lub raum noj qab nyob zoo.
- Haus dej ntau, noj zaub mov kom zoo, tswj tus kab mob ntshav qab zib/ntshav siab, tswj qhov hnyav kom noj qab nyob zoo, thiab tsis txhob haus luam yeeb yog cov tseem ceeb rau kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub raum.
- Yog koj muaj cov tsos mob xws li ob txhais ceg o, cov zis hloov pauv, lossis mob nraub qaum, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej lawv thiab mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus