Koj tus menyuam puas tau muaj ib lub qog txawv txawv? Cia peb tham txog Rhabdomyosarcoma

Nws yog ib qho ib txwm muaj uas yuav ntshai heev thaum koj pom qee yam txawv txawv, xws li lub qog lossis o, ntawm koj lub cev lossis ntawm koj tus menyuam lub cev. Thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no, peb xav txog ntau yam. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav uas yuav zoo li ntawd, tab sis nws tsis tshua muaj. Ntawd yog rhabdomyosarcoma. Txawm hais tias lub npe yuav zoo li nyuaj me ntsis thaum koj hnov ​​​​​​nws, cia peb tham txog nws yooj yim.

Rhabdomyosarcoma yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, rhabdomyosarcoma yog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav uas tshwm sim hauv cov nqaij mos ntawm peb lub cev. Feem ntau nws cuam tshuam rau cov leeg nqaij uas txuas rau peb lub pob txha (hu ua cov leeg nqaij pob txha). Nws feem ntau tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas , tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov neeg laus. Kwv yees li ntawm 400 thiab 500 tus neeg hauv Tebchaws Meskas raug kuaj pom tias muaj tus mob no txhua xyoo. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws yog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav tsawg heev . Muaj ntau hom mob rhabdomyosarcoma sib txawv. Qee hom mob hnyav heev, txhais tau tias lawv kis tau sai thiab nyuaj kho. Yog tias kho zoo, qee zaum tus mob yuav ploj mus tag (hu ua kev zam txim). Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum tus mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem rov qab los (hu ua kev rov qab mob qog noj ntshav).

Cov kab mob no muaj hom kab mob dab tsi tseem ceeb?

Muaj ntau hom mob rhabdomyosarcoma tseem ceeb. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi:

1. Mob Rhabdomyosarcoma hauv plab (Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma)

Qhov no yog hom mob uas feem ntau tshwm sim . Nws tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus dua li cov neeg laus. Feem ntau nws tshwm sim rau thaj chaw nyob ib puag ncig lub taub hau thiab caj dab. Piv txwv li, nyob rau hauv cov ntaub so ntswg uas npog lub hlwb thiab lub qhov muag (qhov twg lub qhov muag poob qis). Kuj tseem muaj cov subtypes. Qee qhov tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov kabmob khoob xws li lub zais zis thiab qhov chaw mos (hu ua "Botryoid Rhabdomyosarcoma"). Lwm hom subtype tuaj yeem tshwm sim nyob ib puag ncig cov noob qes (cov noob qes) ntawm tus menyuam (hu ua "Spindle Cell Rhabdomyosarcoma").

2. Kab mob Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma `(Alveolar Rhabdomyosarcoma)`

Feem ntau hom mob no pom muaj rau cov menyuam yaus laus dua thiab cov hluas, hnub nyoog ntawm 20 thiab 35 xyoo. Feem ntau nws tshwm sim rau ntawm caj npab, ceg, lossis lub cev. Hom mob alveolar no hnyav heev thiab kis tau sai . Nws pib kis yuav luag tam sim ntawd tom qab nws tshwm sim.

3. Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma `(Pleomorphic Rhabdomyosarcoma)`

Feem ntau hom mob no pom muaj rau cov neeg laus hnub nyoog tshaj 50 xyoo. Txawm hais tias nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim txhua qhov chaw ntawm lub cev, feem ntau pom muaj rau ntawm ob txhais ceg . Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem tshwm sim rau ntawm caj npab, hauv siab, plab, thiab qee qhov ntawm lub taub hau thiab caj dab.

Cov tsos mob ntawm rhabdomyosarcoma yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob no sib txawv nyob ntawm seb qhov twg muaj mob qog noj ntshav nyob . Piv txwv li, yog tias ib tug me nyuam muaj ib lub qog zoo li no hauv lawv pob ntseg, lawv yuav muaj cov tsos mob xws li mob pob ntseg thiab cov kua dej ntws tawm ntawm pob ntseg. Yog tias lub qog loj hlob tom qab lub qhov muag, lub qhov muag yuav zoo li o thiab bulged. Nov yog qee qhov piv txwv ntxiv:

• Yog tias muaj ib qho leeg nqaij ntawm ib sab caj npab lossis ceg: muaj ib lub pob lossis o uas nrog mob.
• Mob plab ('(Abdomen)'): mob plab , cem quav, ntuav .
• Lub zais zis thiab txoj hlab zis: Ntshav nyob hauv cov zis ('(Hematuria)'), nyuaj rau tso zis.
• Qhov ntswg: Cov tsos mob zoo ib yam li ntshav ntswg los (`(Epistaxis)`), kab mob sinus (`(Sinus Infection )`).
• Qhov chaw mos: Ib yam dab tsi zoo li ib lub pob tawm hauv qhov chaw mos ntawm tus menyuam.
• Cov qog hauv noob qes : Ib lub qog uas loj sai nyob ib puag ncig tus menyuam noob qes .

Tseem Ceeb: Cov tsos mob no qee zaum tuaj yeem tshwm sim los ntawm cov mob uas tsis hnyav heev. Tej yam xws li ntshav ntswg, ntuav, thiab pob hauv lub cev tsis yog ib txwm tshwm sim los ntawm rhabdomyosarcoma. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj cov tsos mob no, yog tias lawv tseem muaj lossis zoo li hnyav zuj zus, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob .

Cov ua rau muaj tus kab mob no yog dab tsi?

Rhabdomyosarcoma yog tshwm sim los ntawm kev hloov pauv caj ces hauv peb cov leeg nqaij (cov leeg nqaij tsis tau loj hlob) uas ua rau lawv mob qog noj ntshav thiab faib sai sai, tsim cov qog. Qee qhov kev hloov pauv caj ces, xws li PAX/FOX01 fusion gene, tuaj yeem ua rau qee hom rhabdomyosarcoma. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov neeg uas muaj qee yam mob caj ces muaj feem yuav mob ntau dua. Qee qhov mob no suav nrog:

• Li-Fraumeni syndrome
• Kab mob Beckwith-Wiedemann
• Kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub paj hlwb (neurofibromatosis)
• Costello syndrome
• Kab mob Cardiofasciocutaneous syndrome (Cardiofasciocutaneous syndrome)

Yuav kuaj mob rhabdomyosarcoma li cas?

Thaum koj lossis koj tus menyuam mus ntsib kws kho mob, lawv yuav xub nug txog koj cov tsos mob. Lawv kuj tseem yuav nug seb puas muaj leej twg hauv koj tsev neeg muaj cov mob caj ces uas tau hais los saum toj no, vim qhov no tuaj yeem muab lub tswv yim rau koj txog koj qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev mob. Tom qab ntawd lawv yuav ua kev kuaj lub cev kom nrhiav tau cov cim ntawm tus kab mob, xws li pob thiab o. Tsis tas li ntawd, lawv tuaj yeem ua cov kev kuaj mob hauv qab no los pab kuaj mob:

• Kev luam theej duab CT (Computed Tomography (CT) scan) los yog kev luam theej duab MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scan)
• Kev luam theej duab PET (Positron Emission Tomography (PET) scan)
• Kev kuaj pob txha
• Kev xuas lub duav (kev kuaj uas siv me me ntawm cov kua dej los ntawm cov hlab ntsha qaum)
• Kev kuaj mob pob txha
• Ib qho biopsy (siv ib daim nqaij me me los ntawm lub qog los kuaj)
• Kev kuaj mob tshwj xeeb xws li immunohistochemistry
• Kev ntsuam xyuas cytology

Qhov no puas tuaj yeem kuaj tau los ntawm kev kuaj ntshav?

Tsis yog, tsis muaj kev kuaj ntshav ncaj qha uas tuaj yeem kuaj pom rhabdomyosarcoma. Txawm li cas los xij, koj tus kws kho mob qog nqaij hlav yuav hais kom kuaj ntshav tom qab kuaj pom. Piv txwv li, kev suav ntshav tag nrho (CBC) yuav raug ua kom pom tias tus kab mob puas tau kis mus rau cov pob txha. Kev kuaj ntshav kuj tseem ua thaum lub sijhawm kho mob kom pom tias koj lub cev teb li cas rau kev kho mob.

Cov Pab Pawg Uas Muaj Kev Pheej Hmoo ntawm Rhabdomyosarcoma

Thaum cov menyuam yaus muaj mob rhabdomyosarcoma, cov kws kho mob oncologist faib cov kab mob ua pawg muaj kev pheej hmoo. Qhov kev faib tawm no yog raws li peb yam tseem ceeb: 1. Qib mob qog: Cov kws kho mob siv lub kaw lus hu ua TNM Staging System los txiav txim qhov no. T yog hais txog qhov loj thiab qhov chaw ntawm cov qog, N yog hais txog seb cov qog puas tau kis mus rau cov qog ntshav, thiab M yog hais txog seb cov qog puas tau kis mus rau lwm qhov ntawm lub cev. 2. Pawg kho mob: Qhov no yog txiav txim siab tom qab kuaj mob lossis phais. Piv txwv li, yog tias cov qog tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tag nrho los ntawm kev kuaj mob lossis phais, nws raug cais ua Pawg I. Cov pawg no muaj txij li 1 txog 4. 3. Kev hloov pauv caj ces: Seb puas muaj kev hloov pauv caj ces PAX/FOX01 fusion. Cov pawg kev pheej hmoo no hu ua kev pheej hmoo qis, kev pheej hmoo nruab nrab, thiab kev pheej hmoo siab . Pab pawg kho mob ntawm koj tus menyuam siv pawg kev pheej hmoo no los npaj kev kho mob, kwv yees qhov muaj feem uas cov qog yuav rov qab los tom qab kev kho mob, thiab txiav txim siab seb yuav xav li cas tom qab kev kho mob (kev kwv yees).

Cov txheej txheem ntawm kev txiav txim siab qhov kev pheej hmoo no nyuaj me ntsis. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis nkag siab tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv siv tam sim ntawd. Yog li, tsis txhob yig nug koj tus menyuam pab pawg kho mob kom meej meej . Lawv yuav zoo siab piav qhia txhua yam rau koj.

Cov kev kho mob rau rhabdomyosarcoma yog dab tsi?

Cov kev xaiv kho mob sib txawv nyob ntawm seb hom kab mob yog dab tsi. Vim tias rhabdomyosarcoma yog ib yam kab mob tsis tshua muaj, yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj tus mob no,Nug koj pab neeg kho mob seb koj puas tuaj yeem koom nrog kev sim tshuaj . Cov kws kho mob qog noj ntshav feem ntau siv cov kev kho mob no:

• Kev phais mob
• Kev Kho Mob Hluav Taws Xob
• Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav (chemotherapy)

Puas kho tau rhabdomyosarcoma kom zoo tag nrho?

Qee zaum, yog lawm, kev kho mob tuaj yeem kho tau rhabdomyosarcoma . Qhov no hu ua "kev zam txim" ntawm tus kab mob. Qhov no txhais tau tias cov tsos mob ploj mus thiab tsis pom cov qe ntshav qog nqaij hlav ntawm kev kuaj mob. Feem ntau, qhov kev kho mob no yog mus tas li, tab sis qee zaum rhabdomyosarcoma tuaj yeem rov qab los. Feem ntau, cov neeg laus yuav tsis zoo tag nrho los ntawm tus kab mob no dua li cov menyuam yaus .

Lub neej cia siab ntawm ib tus neeg uas muaj mob rhabdomyosarcoma yog ntev npaum li cas?

Tsis muaj tus lej tseeb tias ib tug neeg uas muaj tus kab mob rhabdomyosarcoma yuav muaj sia nyob ntev npaum li cas. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshawb fawb khaws cia feem pua ​​ntawm cov neeg uas tseem muaj sia nyob tsib xyoos tom qab kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob rhabdomyosarcoma. Tus nqi ciaj sia no nyob ntawm ntau yam, suav nrog hom kab mob, pawg neeg muaj feem yuav muaj mob, thiab seb tus kab mob puas rov qab los tom qab kho mob . Zuag qhia tag nrho, 70% ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj tus kab mob no tseem muaj sia nyob tsib xyoos tom qab kuaj pom. Rau cov neeg laus, tus nqi ciaj sia tsib xyoos yog li 20%.

Txawm koj qhov teeb meem li cas los xij, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov tias cov feem pua ​​​​​​ntawm kev ciaj sia no yog kwv yees raws li kev paub ntawm lwm tus neeg uas tau kho mob rau rhabdomyosarcoma. Yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj tus mob no, nws yog ib qho ib txwm xav paub tias yav tom ntej yuav zoo li cas. Yog tias yog, koj pab neeg kho mob yog tus neeg zoo tshaj plaws los tham txog nws .

Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj saib xyuas tau kuv tus menyuam thiab kuv tus kheej?

Kab mob qog noj ntshav muaj peev xwm muaj kev cuam tshuam loj rau koj lub neej txhua hnub. Rhabdomyosarcoma kuj tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb. Yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj tus mob no, koj yuav xav tias ntxhov siab thiab qaug zog heev. Nov yog qee cov lus qhia uas tuaj yeem pab tau thaum lub sijhawm no:

• Xav txog Kev Kho Mob Palliative: Cov tsos mob thiab kev kho mob ntawm tus mob qog noj ntshav yuav nyuaj rau daws. Kev kho mob Palliative yog kev kho mob uas pab txhim kho lub neej zoo, los ntawm kev txo cov tsos mob mus rau kev txhawb nqa kev xav.
• Tham nrog ib tug kws tshwj xeeb txog lub neej ntawm menyuam yaus: Mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem ua rau lub neej ntawm ib tug menyuam hloov pauv. Nws tuaj yeem coj lawv mus deb ntawm cov phooj ywg thiab cov haujlwm txhua hnub. Kev nyob nrog mob qog noj ntshav tuaj yeem ua rau ib tug menyuam kho siab rau ib tug menyuam uas tab tom dhau los ntawm ib qho kev paub uas lawv cov phooj ywg tsis nkag siab. Cov kws tshwj xeeb txog lub neej ntawm menyuam yaus yog cov neeg ua haujlwm kho mob uas tau kawm tshwj xeeb uas pab cov menyuam daws cov kev paub kho mob.
• So kom txaus:Kev kho mob qog noj ntshav - thiab kev saib xyuas tus menyuam uas muaj qog noj ntshav - tuaj yeem ua rau nkees heev. Yog tias koj tab tom kho mob, sim so thaum twg koj xav tau, tsis yog thaum koj muaj sijhawm xwb. Yog tias koj tab tom saib xyuas tus menyuam uas muaj rhabdomyosarcoma, nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov kev pab cuam thiab kev pabcuam so.
• Xav Txog Kev Muaj Sia Nyob Rau Mob Cancer: Rhabdomyosarcoma tuaj yeem rov qab los tom qab kho mob. Yog tias koj txhawj xeeb tias mob cancer yuav rov qab los rau koj lossis koj tus menyuam, nug koj tus kws kho mob txog cov kev pabcuam txhawb nqa rau kev muaj sia nyob rau mob cancer.

Thaum twg kuv yuav tsum hu rau kuv tus kws kho mob oncologist?

Yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam tab tom tau txais kev kho mob, hu rau koj tus kws kho mob yog tias cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob phem dua li qhov xav tau . Nyob ntawm koj tus mob, koj tus kws kho mob yuav tau muab cov lus qhia tshwj xeeb rau koj txog cov tsos mob uas yuav qhia tau tias koj tus mob rhabdomyosarcoma tab tom kis mus rau lwm qhov lossis rov qab los. Tsis txhob yig los tham nrog lawv txog txhua yam kev txhawj xeeb uas koj muaj.

Kuv yuav tsum nug kuv tus kws kho mob li cas?

Rhabdomyosarcoma yog ib yam kab mob tsis tshua muaj. Tej zaum koj yuav tsis paub ntau txog nws. Txawm koj muaj tus kab mob no los yog koj tus menyuam muaj, tej zaum koj yuav muaj ntau cov lus nug txog yam uas yuav tshwm sim yav tom ntej. Nov yog qee cov lus nug uas yuav tsum nug thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no:

• Kuv/kuv tus menyuam muaj hom mob rhabdomyosarcoma twg?
• Kev faib pawg neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo yog dab tsi?
• Koj pom zoo kom muaj kev kho mob dab tsi?
• Cov kev mob tshwm sim ntawm kev kho mob yog dab tsi?
• Puas muaj kev sim tshuaj uas peb tuaj yeem koom nrog?
• Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub tias kuv tus menyuam muaj mob?
• Koj muaj cov kev pabcuam txhawb nqa dab tsi uas tuaj yeem pab peb?

Thaum kawg, yuav tsum nco ntsoov li cas

Rhabdomyosarcoma yog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav uas tsis tshua muaj . Cov kws tshaj lij tseem tsis tau paub meej tias yog vim li cas nws thiaj tshwm sim. Yog tias koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj rhabdomyosarcoma, koj yuav chim siab uas koj tsis paub meej tias yog vim li cas nws thiaj tshwm sim. Koj pab neeg kho mob nkag siab qhov ntawd. Txawm hais tias lawv tsis tuaj yeem piav qhia vim li cas koj lossis koj tus menyuam muaj rhabdomyosarcoma, lawv tuaj yeem piav qhia txog tej yam xws li kev kuaj mob, kev kho mob uas ua tau, thiab lub peev xwm koom nrog kev sim tshuaj. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab koj nrhiav cov peev txheej xws li cov pab pawg txhawb nqa thiab kev saib xyuas tshwj xeeb. Tsis txhob txhawj, koj tsis nyob ib leeg. Rhabdomyosarcoma, mob qog noj ntshav, mob qog noj ntshav thaum yau, mob qog noj ntshav ntawm cov nqaij mos, cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog noj ntshav, kev kho mob qog noj ntshav, cov kab mob caj ces