Koj tus menyuam puas muaj cov tsos mob no? Cia peb kawm seb tus mob rheumatic fever yog dab tsi!

, ? ‍ ‍‍ . , ‍ , . , (Rheumatic Fever) . , .

Mob Rheumatic Fever yog dab tsi? Hais yooj yim xwb...

Hais yooj yim xwb, tus mob rheumatic fever yog ib yam kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo ntawm peb lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob. Cov kws kho mob kuj hu nws tias "mob rheumatic fever mob hnyav." Xav txog, koj tus menyuam muaj tus kab mob caj pas, xws li mob caj pas lossis mob ntshav liab , thiab qhov teeb meem no pib yog tias tsis kho kom zoo.

‍ , A ‍ (Group A Streptococcus) . ‍ `(antibiotics)` . , ‍ , ‍ , . , ‍ (`inflammation`) . , , .

Qhov txawv ntawm tus kab mob kub taub hau liab thiab tus kab mob kub taub hau rheumatic yog dab tsi?

Qhov no yog ib yam uas ntau tus neeg tsis meej pem. Kab mob ua npaws liab thiab mob caj pas yog ob yam kab mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob streptococcus pawg A. Cov no raug kho nrog cov tshuaj tua kab mob.

Kab mob ua pob khaus yog ib qho teeb meem tsis tshua muaj uas yuav tshwm sim tau yog tias tsis kho tus kab mob, xws li kab mob ua pob khaus liab lossis mob caj pas, kom zoo. Yog li ntawd, tsis yog txhua tus kab mob ua pob khaus yuav hloov mus ua kab mob ua pob khaus.

Kab mob rheumatic fever feem ntau npaum li cas?

Nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws uas muaj kev vam meej xws li Tebchaws Meskas, mob caj pas yog ib qho uas ntau heev, tab sis mob rheumatic fever tsis yog. Vim tias cov tshuaj tua kab mob muaj nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws ntawd, ntau tus neeg tau txais kev kho mob rau mob caj pas thiab mob scarlet fever sai sai. Thaum kho, mob rheumatic fever yuav tiv thaiv tau.

Txawm li cas los xij, nyob rau hauv cov teb chaws zoo li peb li, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov cheeb tsam uas muaj cov chaw kho mob tsawg, qhov teeb meem mob rheumatic fever no tseem pom tau. Yog li ntawd, peb yuav tsum ceev faj heev txog qhov no.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob rheumatic fever yog dab tsi?

Tus kab mob rheumatic fever cuam tshuam rau txhua tus neeg li cas los xij. Qee zaum tus kab mob strep tuaj yeem tsis hnyav heev uas koj yuav tsis paub tias koj muaj tus kab mob no kom txog thaum koj mob rheumatic fever.

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob rheumatic fever feem ntau nyuaj rau paub vim tias lawv zoo ib yam li lwm yam teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Tab sis nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom paub tias cov tsos mob no yog dab tsi. Vim tias tus mob rheumatic fever tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav, yog tias koj xav tias koj tus menyuam muaj cov tsos mob no, koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Nov yog qee cov tsos mob uas pom tau:

• Cov pob qij txha o, liab, thiab mob (mob pob qij txha): Cov pob qij txha xws li lub hauv caug, pob luj taws, thiab lub luj tshib mob heev. Qhov mob yuav nyob rau hauv ib qho pob qij txha ib hnub thiab txav mus rau lwm qhov pob qij txha hnub tom qab.
• Kev co ntawm ob txhais ceg uas tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau (chorea): Tus menyuam yuav xav tias lawv txhais tes, ceg, lossis lwm qhov ntawm lub cev tam sim ntawd co tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau. Qhov no kuj hu ua "Sydenham's chorea".
• Cov pob me me hauv qab daim tawv nqaij (cov nodules): Qee zaum cov pob me me, tawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv qab daim tawv nqaij, uas tuaj yeem kov tau hauv tes. Cov no feem ntau tsis mob.
• Mob hauv siab lossis lub plawv dhia tsis zoo: Tej zaum koj yuav hnov ​​​​​​mob hauv siab, lossis koj yuav hnov ​​​​​​qhov hloov pauv ntawm koj lub plawv dhia.
• Qaug zog tas li: Tus me nyuam yuav xav tias nkees thiab tsaug zog txhua lub sijhawm, txawm tias tsis tau ua dab tsi los xij.
• Kub taub hau: Lub cev yuav kub thiab kub taub hau yuav tshwm sim.
• Mob taub hau tas li yam tsis muaj laj thawj: Yuav tsum txhawj xeeb yog tias tus menyuam uas tsis tau yws txog mob taub hau yav dhau los muaj mob taub hau tas li.
• Mob leeg: Tej zaum koj yuav xav tias koj cov leeg mob.
• Cov tonsils o thiab liab: Cov tonsils hauv caj pas yuav o thiab liab.
• Cov pob liab ntawm daim tawv nqaij (erythema marginatum): Qee zaum cov pob liab, tiaj tus, thiab ntug puag ncig yuav tshwm sim ntawm daim tawv nqaij. Cov no yuav tuaj thiab ploj mus thiab rov qab los.

Nco ntsoov tias, muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no tsis tau txhais hais tias koj muaj mob rheumatic fever. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj muaj kev tsis ntseeg, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws mus ntsib kws kho mob.

Dab tsi ua rau mob rheumatic fever?

Zoo li peb tau tham ua ntej lawm, tus mob rheumatic fever yog ib qho kab mob uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob ua haujlwm ntau dhau uas tawm tsam cov nqaij mos noj qab haus huv. Qhov ua rau qhov no yog kev kis tus kab mob strep throat lossis scarlet fever uas tsis tau kho. Uas yog, tsis tau txais cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom haum rau tus kab mob streptococcus pawg A.

Qhov uas tshwm sim ces yog thaum lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob (antibodies) tawm tsam cov kab mob, lawv yuam kev tawm tsam lub cev cov nqaij thiab cov kabmob noj qab haus huv. Xav txog nws zoo li thaum koj tawm tsam ib tug yeeb ncuab, koj xav tias ib tug ntawm koj tus kheej yog ib tug yeeb ncuab thiab tawm tsam nws.

Leej twg thiaj mob rheumatic fever?

Txawm hais tias leej twg los xij tuaj yeem mob rheumatic fever, nws feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov hluas hnub nyoog ntawm 5 thiab 15 xyoos.Cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob rheumatic fever feem ntau tshwm sim ob mus rau peb lub lis piam tom qab tsis tau kho tus mob strep throat lossis scarlet fever. Nws tsis tshua muaj rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 5 xyoos thiab rau cov neeg hnub nyoog tshaj 15 xyoos.

Muaj feem yuav mob rheumatic fever los ntawm strep throat lossis scarlet fever li cas?

Tsis yog txhua tus neeg uas muaj mob caj pas lossis mob ntshav liab yuav mob rheumatic fever. Nws tsuas yog tshwm sim yog tias tsis kho tus kab mob. Txawm li cas los xij, hauv cov tebchaws zoo li Tebchaws Meskas, mob rheumatic fever tsis tshua muaj.

Leej twg muaj feem yuav mob rheumatic fever ntau dua?

Tej yam uas yuav ua rau koj muaj feem mob rheumatic fever ntau ntxiv. Nov yog qee yam ntawm lawv:

• Qhov chaw koj nyob: Muaj coob tus neeg uas muaj tus kab mob rheumatic fever nyob rau hauv thaj chaw deb nroog uas muaj cov chaw kho mob tsawg. Cov menyuam yaus uas nyob rau hauv thaj chaw uas nyuaj rau nrhiav tshuaj lossis mus ntsib kws kho mob muaj feem yuav kis tau tus kab mob no ntau dua.
• Hnub nyoog: Raws li peb tau hais ua ntej, cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog ntawm 5 thiab 15 xyoo raug kev txom nyem ntau tshaj plaws.
• Kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho: Ib tug me nyuam uas lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob tsis muaj zog yuav muaj feem ntau dua. Cov me nyuam uas muaj kab mob strep ntau zaus kuj yuav muaj mob rheumatic fever ntau dua.
• Keeb kwm tsev neeg: Yog tias ib tug neeg hauv tsev neeg tau muaj tus mob rheumatic fever ua ntej, lwm tus neeg hauv tsev neeg muaj feem yuav mob nws thiab.
• Cov chaw muaj neeg coob coob: Cov kab mob kis tau yooj yim rau hauv cov chaw uas tib neeg sib sau ua ke. Piv txwv li suav nrog cov tsev kawm ntawv thiab cov tsev kawm ntawv nyob.

Cov neeg laus puas tuaj yeem mob rheumatic fever?

Nws tsis tshua muaj, tab sis cov neeg laus kuj tuaj yeem mob rheumatic fever.

Kab mob rheumatic fever puas kis tau?

Tsis yog, tus kab mob rheumatic fever tsis sib kis tau. Koj yuav kis tsis tau los ntawm lwm tus, thiab koj yuav kis tsis tau rau lwm tus.

Tiam sis, nco ntsoov! Kab mob caj pas thiab mob ntshav liab, uas yog cov ua rau mob rheumatic fever, yog cov kab mob sib kis tau. Lawv kis tau los ntawm cov tee dej uas ntws los ntawm txoj hlab pa thaum ib tug neeg hnoos lossis txham.

Kab mob rheumatic fever cuam tshuam li cas rau lub plawv?

Kab mob rheumatic fever tsis yog ib txwm cuam tshuam rau lub plawv. Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias nws ua rau, nws tuaj yeem ua rau cov nqaij ntawm lub plawv puas tsuaj, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov qhov ntswg ntawm lub plawv. Cov nqaij ntawm lub plawv uas puas tsuaj thiab muaj qhov txhab no tsis ua haujlwm zoo. Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, kab mob rheumatic fever tuaj yeem ua rau lub plawv puas tsuaj mus tas li. Cov kws kho mob kuj hu qhov mob no ua Kab Mob Plawv Rheumatic lossis Kab Mob Plawv Tsis Ua Haujlwm .

Yog tias tus mob rheumatic fever ua rau lub plawv puas tsuaj, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom phais kho lub plawv puas tsuaj lossis hloov nws nrog lub tshiab. Qee zaum, kev puas tsuaj rau lub plawv tuaj yeem tshwm sim 10 txog 20 xyoo tom qab tus mob rheumatic fever. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum sib txuas lus nrog tus kws kho mob uas koj ntseeg siab.

Kab mob rheumatic fever puas ua rau mob rheumatoid arthritis?

Txawm hais tias qee cov tsos mob thaum ntxov ntawm tus mob rheumatic fever zoo ib yam li tus mob rheumatoid arthritis (RA) , ob hom kab mob no tsis muaj feem cuam tshuam. Ob hom kab mob no tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau cov pob qij txha ntawm tus menyuam. Txawm li cas los xij, tus mob rheumatic fever feem ntau ploj mus hauv ob peb lub lis piam, thaum RA yog ib yam mob uas yuav kho tau mus ib txhis. Cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 16 xyoo raug kuaj pom tias muaj tus mob hu ua "Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis" es tsis yog RA.

Yuav kuaj mob rheumatic fever li cas? (Kev kuaj mob)

Yog koj tus menyuam mob caj pas ntau tshaj ob lossis peb hnub, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob. Kev kho mob sai sai rau tus kab mob streptococcal pawg A tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kab mob rheumatic fever.

Yog tias tus kws kho mob xav tias muaj mob rheumatic fever, nws yuav xub muab ib daim ntaub so caj pas los ntawm tus menyuam lub caj pas los xyuas seb puas muaj cov kab mob streptococcus pawg A. Qhov no yuav ua tau los ntawm kev siv kev kuaj mob strep quick strep lossis kev kuaj kab mob caj pas .

• Kev kuaj mob strep sai: Cov txiaj ntsig tuaj yeem tau txais hauv 10 feeb.
• Kev kuaj mob caj pas: Cov txiaj ntsig yuav siv sijhawm ob peb hnub los txog. Txawm li cas los xij, qee zaum kev kuaj mob strep sai sai tuaj yeem muab "cov txiaj ntsig cuav-tsis zoo" (txhais tau tias lawv qhia tias muaj strep thaum nws tsis nyob ntawd).

Muaj lwm yam kev kuaj mob dab tsi uas ua los kuaj mob rheumatic fever?

Nyob ntawm seb tus menyuam cov tsos mob li cas, tus kws kho mob yuav xaj kom kuaj ntxiv:

• Kev kuaj ntshav: Qee zaum kev kuaj ntshav yuav ua kom paub tseeb tias muaj kab mob strep. Txawm hais tias qhov kev kuaj tsis pom cov kab mob, nws tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas cov tshuaj tua kab mob hauv cov ntshav. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem kuaj xyuas qhov o ntawm lub cev los ntawm kev ntsuas qee cov protein (xws li CRP thiab ESR).
• Kev kuaj plawv: Cov kev kuaj no pab kom pom tias koj tus menyuam lub plawv ua haujlwm li cas. Qhov no yuav suav nrog ECG (electrocardiogram) lossis Echocardiogram (kev kuaj ultrasound ntawm lub plawv, tseem hu ua Echo) .

Cov qauv Jones rau tus mob rheumatic fever yog dab tsi?

Cov kws kho mob qee zaum siv ib txoj kev hu ua Jones criteria los kuaj mob rheumatic fever. Yuav kom kuaj tau tias muaj mob rheumatic fever, ib tug menyuam yuav tsum muaj ob qho tseem ceeb , lossis ib qho tseem ceeb thiab ob qho me me, los ntawm cov npe hauv qab no. Tsis tas li ntawd, yuav tsum muaj pov thawj los ntawm kev kuaj hauv chaw kuaj mob ntawm tus kab mob streptococcal pawg A yav dhau los.

Cov qauv tseem ceeb:

• Mob pob qij txha ntawm ntau lub pob qij txha
• Kab mob plawv
• Cov pob me me hauv qab daim tawv nqaij ('nodules')
• Kev txav mus los sai, jerky (chorea)
• Cov pob tawv nqaij tshwj xeeb (erythema marginatum)

Cov qauv me me:

• Ua npaws
• Cov ntshav ntau ntxiv ntawm 'ESR (erythrocyte sedimentation rate)' lossis 'CRP (C-reactive protein'
• Mob pob qij txha (arthralgia)
• Kev hloov pauv ntawm ECG (electrocardiogram)
• Muaj keeb kwm ntawm tus kab mob rheumatic fever lossis tus kab mob rheumatic plawv yav dhau los

Yuav kho tus mob rheumatic fever li cas?

Thaum kho tus mob rheumatic fever, thawj qhov uas yuav tsum ua yog tshem tawm cov kab mob bacterial. Tom qab ntawd, yuav muab kev kho mob kom txo qhov o ntawm tus menyuam lub cev.

Kev kho mob rau tus kab mob rheumatic fever yuav muaj xws li:

• Tshuaj tua kab mob: Ua ntej, cov kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kom siv tshuaj tua kab mob los kho cov kab mob uas ua rau mob. Qee cov tshuaj tua kab mob tsuas yog txhaj ib zaug xwb. Lwm cov yuav noj tau ib lub lim tiam lossis ntau dua. Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj no kom raws sijhawm uas tau teem tseg.
• Cov tshuaj tiv thaiv kev o: Tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kom txo qhov o hauv koj tus menyuam lub cev. Cov tshuaj no kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab txo cov tsos mob xws li mob pob qij txha. Yog tias koj cov tsos mob hnyav, tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kom muaj cov tshuaj muaj zog dua (corticosteroids).
• Lwm yam kev kho mob: Vim tias tus mob rheumatic fever cuam tshuam rau txhua tus neeg sib txawv, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo lwm yam kev kho mob nyob ntawm seb koj tus menyuam raug kev cuam tshuam li cas. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, tej zaum yuav tsum tau phais plawv lossis hloov pob qij txha.

Yuav ua li cas thiaj tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob rheumatic fever?

Qhov no yog qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws! Kev kho cov kab mob xws li mob caj pas thiab mob ntshav liab sai thiab raug yuav pab tiv thaiv tau tus mob rheumatic fever. Cov tsos mob ntawm mob caj pas thiab mob ntshav liab tsis yog ib txwm pom tseeb thiab yooj yim pom. Yog li, yog tias koj tus menyuam mob caj pas ntau tshaj peb hnub, lossis yog tias koj muaj lwm yam tsos mob uas koj xav tias muaj, nco ntsoov mus ntsib kws kho mob.

Yog koj tus menyuam tus kws kho mob hais rau koj tias nws muaj mob caj pas lossis mob ntshav liab, ua raws li nws cov lus qhia kom meej. Txawm tias koj tus menyuam zoo dua los xij, koj yuav tsum noj tshuaj tua kab mob kom tag nrho. Yog tsis ua li ntawd, tus kab mob yuav tsis ploj mus tag, thiab koj yuav muaj feem mob rheumatic fever ntau dua.

Koj ua tau dab tsi ntxiv los tiv thaiv koj tus kheej ntawm tus kab mob rheumatic fever?

Kev xyaum ua kom huv si zoo yuav pab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis tus kab mob ntawm koj tus menyuam. Nws kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kev kis tus kab mob ntawm ib tus menyuam mus rau lwm tus. Koj tus menyuam yuav tsum ua cov no tas li:

• Ntxuav koj txhais tes ntau zaus (thiab kom huv si) nrog xab npum.
• Thaum hnoos los yog txham, npog koj lub qhov ncauj nrog daim ntaub so ntswg, lub luj tshib, lossis lub xub pwg (tsis txhob siv koj txhais tes).
• Siv daim ntaub so ntswg ib zaug los txham lossis tshuab koj lub qhov ntswg, muab pov tseg, thiab ntxuav koj txhais tes.

Yog tias koj tus menyuam raug kuaj pom tias muaj tus mob rheumatic fever, koj tus kws kho mob yuav sau ntawv kom noj tshuaj tua kab mob mus sij hawm ntev (xws li txhaj tshuaj penicillin txhua hli). Qhov no hu ua antibiotic prophylaxis . Qhov no tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj mob caj pas yav tom ntej thiab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob rov qab muaj mob rheumatic fever.

Yuav ua li cas rau ib tug neeg uas muaj tus kab mob rheumatic fever?

Txawm hais tias tsis muaj tshuaj kho tau tus mob rheumatic fever los, tus kab mob no tuaj yeem tswj tau los ntawm kev kho mob. Los ntawm kev kuaj mob kom raug thiab pib kho sai li sai tau thaum cov tsos mob tshwm sim, koj tuaj yeem tiv thaiv kev puas tsuaj mus tas li los ntawm tus kab mob. Cov teeb meem loj yuav tsis tshua muaj tshwm sim. Yog tias lawv ua, lawv tuaj yeem cuam tshuam rau tus menyuam lub plawv, pob qij txha, lub paj hlwb, lossis daim tawv nqaij.

Kab mob rheumatic fever tuaj yeem rov qab los lossis ua teeb meem loj heev. Qee zaum, kab mob rheumatic fever tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem uas tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Yog li ntawd, kev kuaj mob tsis tu ncua yuav tsum tau ua kom tiv thaiv koj tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv mus sij hawm ntev.

Kab mob rheumatic fever puas rov qab tshwm sim dua?

Yog. Yog tias koj tus menyuam rov qab mob caj pas lossis mob ntshav liab dua, tus mob rheumatic fever kuj tuaj yeem rov qab los. Yog tias koj tus menyuam tau mob rheumatic fever ua ntej, tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom koj tus menyuam noj tshuaj tua kab mob rau ntau xyoo, lossis txawm tias ib sim neej. Kev kho mob no hu ua antibiotic prophylaxis . Qhov no tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv lwm tus kab mob strep thiab tiv thaiv tus mob rheumatic fever kom tsis txhob rov qab los.

Kuv yuav tsum nug tus kws kho mob ntawm tus menyuam li cas?

Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj mob rheumatic fever, koj tuaj yeem nug tus kws kho mob cov lus nug zoo li no:

• Koj pom zoo kom siv tshuaj tua kab mob dab tsi?
• Kuv tus menyuam yuav tsum noj cov tshuaj no ntev npaum li cas?
• Puas yog kuv tus menyuam yuav tsum tau noj tshuaj tua kab mob mus ntev?
• Puas yog kuv tus menyuam yuav tsum tau kuaj lwm yam tam sim no lossis yav tom ntej?
• Kab mob rheumatic fever yuav cuam tshuam li cas rau kuv tus menyuam tam sim no lossis yav tom ntej?
• Puas muaj tej yam kev ua ub ua no uas yuav ua rau kuv tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv puas tsuaj?
• Kuv tus menyuam yuav xav tau kev kho mob hom twg mus tom ntej?
• Kuv ua tau dab tsi los tiv thaiv kuv tus menyuam txoj kev noj qab haus huv zoo tshaj plaws?
• Kuv yuav tsum hu rau kuv tus menyuam tus kws kho mob thaum twg?

Yog koj xav tias koj tus menyuam muaj mob caj pas lossis mob ntshav liab, tsis txhob ncua sijhawm hu rau koj tus kws kho mob. Kev kho mob thaum ntxov tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv mob rheumatic fever. Cov tsos mob ntawm cov kab mob bacterial no yog:

• Mob caj pas uas kav ntev tshaj peb hnub.
• Tsis qab los noj mov (tshwj xeeb yog vim muaj teeb meem nqos).
• Cov qog ntshav hauv caj dab o.
• Cov pob liab uas zoo li ntawv xuab zeb.
• Ua npaws.
• Cov tonsils uas o, liab, lossis muaj cov xim av (cov qog nyob tom qab ntawm lub qhov ncauj).
• Mob taub hau.

Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev

Kab mob rheumatic fever yog ib qho teeb meem tsis tshua muaj uas tshwm sim los ntawm kev kho mob caj pas lossis kab mob scarlet fever . Feem ntau nws cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus thiab cov tub ntxhais hluas. Hauv cov xwm txheej hnyav, nws tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv loj heev uas cuam tshuam rau lub plawv, pob qij txha, lossis lwm yam kabmob ntawm tus menyuam.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd yog tias koj xav tias koj tus menyuam muaj mob caj pas lossis mob ntshav liab. Ua li ntawd tuaj yeem pab tiv thaiv kom tsis txhob muaj mob rheumatic fever. Cov neeg uas muaj mob rheumatic fever feem ntau xav tau kev qhia thiab kev kho mob mus tas li kom lawv noj qab haus huv. Yog li, tsis txhob xav tias koj tus menyuam mob caj pas lossis kub taub hau yooj yim. Txhawj xeeb.

Mob pob qij txha, mob caj pas, mob liab, cov kab mob thaum yau, mob plawv, kev kis kab mob, lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob