Koj puas paub txog Sickle Cell Crisis? Cia peb tham txog qhov mob no!

Yog tias koj muaj tus kab mob sickle cell, tej zaum koj yuav tau hnov ​​​​​​txog lossis tau ntsib qhov mob sai sai thiab hnyav. Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua sickle cell crisis. Nws tuaj yeem yog qhov kev paub uas nyuaj siab thiab mob heev. Tab sis tsis txhob txhawj, peb yuav tham txog nws kom meej hnub no.

Qhov teeb meem sickle cell no yog dab tsi?

Hais yooj yim xwb, tus kab mob sickle cell yog thaum koj lub cev 'sickle cells', lossis cov qe ntshav liab zoo li sickle, daig hauv cov hlab ntsha, ua rau cov ntshav ntws qeeb lossis nres. Koj paub, peb cov qe ntshav liab yog cov uas nqa oxygen thoob plaws lub cev. Yog li, thaum koj muaj tus kab mob sickle cell, koj cov nqaij thiab cov kabmob tsis tau txais oxygen txaus. Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav thiab lwm yam teeb meem .

Xav txog nws zoo li thaum ib qho av me me daig rau hauv cov kav dej, cov dej ntws qeeb qeeb. Tab sis qhov daig ntawm no yog cov qe ntshav liab zoo li daim duab sickle. Cov no tsis yooj yim khoov li cov qe ntshav liab puag ncig, thiab lawv tsis plam los ntawm qhov chaw me me. Yog vim li cas lawv thiaj sim daig.

Qee zaum qhov mob no tuaj yeem tswj tau hauv tsev, tab sis yog tias cov tsos mob hnyav heev, koj yuav tsum nyob hauv tsev kho mob ob peb hnub kom tau txais kev kho mob.

Cov hom mob sickle cell crisis yog dab tsi?

Muaj plaub hom mob sickle cell crisis tseem ceeb. Cia peb saib seb lawv yog dab tsi:

• Kev kub ntxhov vaso-occlusive: Qhov no yog hom feem ntau. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm no yog tias cov qe ntshav dawb sickle tau daig hauv koj cov hlab ntsha capillaries lossis lwm cov hlab ntsha me me, txo cov ntshav ntws mus rau koj cov nqaij thiab cov kabmob. Qhov no yog qhov ua rau mob hnyav. Lwm hom cuam tshuam rau qee qhov chaw ntawm lub cev.

• Kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov hlwb pob txha (aplastic crisis): Qhov no yog thaum koj cov pob txha pob txha (qhov chaw hauv koj cov pob txha uas tsim cov qe ntshav) cia li tsis tsim cov qe ntshav liab lawm. Qhov no feem ntau yog tshwm sim los ntawm qee yam kab mob viral, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog parvovirus B19.

• Kev kub ntxhov ntawm cov ntshav liab ntau dhau: Qhov no yog thaum koj cov hemoglobin (cov protein hauv cov qe ntshav liab uas nqa oxygen) poob qis sai sai. Qhov no yog vim koj cov qe ntshav liab tawg sai dhau. Qhov no kuj tuaj yeem tshwm sim tom qab hloov ntshav, uas yog kev kho mob rau cov kab mob sickle cell.

• Kev cais cov qe ntshav dawb hauv lub qhov zis: Qhov no yog thaum cov qe ntshav dawb lo rau hauv koj lub qhov zis (lub cev nyob rau sab laug saum toj ntawm koj lub plab), ua rau lub qhov zis loj zuj zus thiab o tuaj . Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj kev phom sij rau cov menyuam yaus, vim tias cov ntshav ntau tuaj yeem sib sau ua ke hauv lub qhov zis, ua rau cov ntshav tsawg.

Cov tsos mob ntawm qhov no yog dab tsi?

Cov tsos mob ntawm tus kab mob sickle cell yuav txawv nyob ntawm seb qhov twg ntawm lub cev raug cuam tshuam. Cov tsos mob feem ntau muaj xws li:

• Kiv taub hau.
• Kev qaug zog heev, kev qaug zog.
• Mob taub hau.
• Jaundice (daj ntawm daim tawv nqaij thiab qhov muag).
• Mob (qhov no yog qhov tsos mob tseem ceeb thiab hnyav tshaj plaws).
• Ua pa nyuaj.
• Tsis muaj zog.

Qhov mob ntawm tus kab mob sickle cell tuaj yeem mob me ntsis, mob heev, mob tapped, lossis mob tapped . Nws tuaj yeem mob ntev li ntau teev, ntau hnub, lossis ntau lub lis piam. Qhov mob tuaj yeem tshwm sim txhua qhov chaw hauv lub cev, ib qho chaw lossis ntau qhov chaw. Piv txwv li:

• Hauv tes los yog xib teg.
• Hauv lub hauv siab.
• Hauv ob txhais ceg los yog ob txhais taw.
• Hauv qab nraub qaum.
• Hauv plab.

Vim li cas qhov teeb meem sickle cell no thiaj tshwm sim?

Kab mob ntshav liab uas zoo li cov qe ntshav liab me me tshwm sim thaum cov qe ntshav liab uas zoo li cov qe ntshav liab sib sau ua ke thiab thaiv cov hlab ntsha. Txawm li cas los xij, cov kws tshaj lij tsis paub meej tias yog vim li cas qhov no thiaj pib.

Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee yam ua rau muaj qhov teeb meem no:

• Kev Qhuav Dej : Thaum lub cev tsis muaj dej txaus, cov ntshav yuav tuab zuj zus thiab cov qe ntshav yuav txhaws ntau dua.
• Mus rau qhov chaw siab (vim tias muaj cov pa oxygen tsawg dua ntawm qhov chaw siab).
• Kev kis kab mob : Txhua yam kev kis kab mob, xws li mob khaub thuas lossis mob ntsws.
• Cev xeeb tub.
• Haus luam yeeb los yog vaping.
• Kev ua ub ua no hnyav heev.
• Kev Nyuaj Siab : Tej yam xws li kev txhawj xeeb thiab kev ntshai ntau dhau.
• Kev hloov pauv kub sai heev (piv txwv li, da dej txias tom qab nyob hauv ib qho chaw kub heev).
• Tsis muaj cov vitamins txaus, piv txwv li folate.

Qhov no ua rau muaj teeb meem dab tsi?

Qhov hnyav ntawm cov kab mob sickle cell crisis nyob ntawm seb cov hlab ntsha uas raug thaiv nyob qhov twg. Yog tias cov hlab ntsha raug thaiv hauv koj cov nqaij lossis cov kabmob, cov teeb meem xws li:

• Mob hauv siab ceev ceev : Qhov no yog ib qho mob hnyav, txaus ntshai rau lub neej uas tshwm sim hauv siab. Cov tsos mob suav nrog kub taub hau, mob hauv siab, thiab ua pa nyuaj.
• Cov ntshav txhaws.
• Mob ntev (mob tas mus li).
• Kev loj hlob ntawm tus po thiab lwm yam kab mob ntsig txog tus po.
• Cov qhov txhab uas tsis kho tau ntawm ob txhais ceg.
• Kab mob siab.
• Cov kab mob ntsws, piv txwv li, ntshav siab hauv lub ntsws.
• Necrosis : Kev tuag ntawm pob txha lossis cov nqaij (tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv cov chaw zoo li lub duav) vim yog kev poob ntshav.
• Mob qhov chaw mos (tseem hu ua 'priapism' rau cov txiv neej).
• Mob Stroke : Ua rau muaj kev txhaws lossis tawg ntawm cov hlab ntsha uas xa ntshav mus rau lub hlwb.

Koj paub qhov no li cas?

Yog koj muaj tus kab mob sickle cell, tej zaum koj twb mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob txhua 6 lub hlis lossis ib xyoos ib zaug rau kev kuaj ntshav. Tab sis yog tias koj muaj teeb meem sickle cell, koj yuav tsum tau kuaj tag nrho hauv chav kuaj. Cov no yuav suav nrog:

• Kev kuaj ntshav hom (yog tias koj xav tau kev hloov ntshav).
• CBC (Kev suav cov ntshav tag nrho) : Qhov no ntsuas cov hemoglobin thiab tus naj npawb ntawm cov qe ntshav liab thiab cov qe ntshav dawb.
• CMP (Comprehensive Metabolic Panel) : Ib pawg kev kuaj mob metabolic uas saib xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm cov kabmob xws li lub raum thiab lub siab.
• Kev ntsuam xyuas kev ua haujlwm ntawm daim siab .
• suav cov reticulocyte : Qhov no ntsuas tus naj npawb ntawm cov qe ntshav liab tshiab tsim. Qhov no tuaj yeem muab lub tswv yim ntawm seb cov pob txha ua haujlwm zoo li cas.

Ntxiv rau qhov ntawd, koj tus kws kho mob yuav ua qhov kev kuaj lub cev tag nrho thiab kev kuaj duab xws li:

• Doppler ultrasound : Saib seb cov ntshav ntws li cas los ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
• MRI : Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias muaj kev xav tias muaj mob xws li mob stroke.
• Ultrasound : Saib tej yam xws li cov plab hnyuv thiab lub qhov zis.
• X-ray hauv siab : Txhawm rau kuaj xyuas seb puas muaj mob xws li mob hauv siab ceev ceev.

Yuav kho li cas?

Yog koj muaj teeb meem mob hlwb sickle cell, tej zaum koj yuav xav tau cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom pab tswj cov tsos mob tsis xis nyob. Yog tias mob me me, koj tuaj yeem tswj qhov no hauv tsev nrog cov tshuaj uas yuav tsis tas yuav muaj ntawv yuav tshuaj xws li acetaminophen (piv txwv li Panadol®, Tylenol®) lossis ibuprofen (piv txwv li Advil®, Brufen®).

Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias koj mob hnyav heev, koj yuav tsum tau nyob hauv tsev kho mob ob peb hnub. Cov kws kho mob mam li muab cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas muaj zog rau koj (xws li morphine), cov kua IV (kom koj cov ntshav ntws zoo), thiab cov pa oxygen yog tias xav tau.

Tsis tas li ntawd xwb, kev kho mob rau tus kab mob sickle cell txawv nyob ntawm seb qhov twg ntawm lub cev raug mob thiab qhov hnyav ntawm cov tsos mob. Cov kws kho mob yuav siv cov tshuaj, kev hloov ntshav, kev hloov pob txha, lossis kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov kev kho mob no.

Cov tshuaj rau kev tswj hwm mus sij hawm ntev

Muaj ntau hom tshuaj uas cov kws kho mob siv los tswj cov teeb meem mob hlwb sickle cell mus sij hawm ntev thiab txo qhov zaus uas lawv tshwm sim:

• Hydroxyurea: Cov tshuaj no ua rau koj cov qe ntshav liab loj dua, ua rau lawv muaj peev xwm quav tau ntau dua, thiab ua rau muaj ib hom hemoglobin hu ua fetal hemoglobin ntau dua. Qhov no txo ​​cov ntshav txhaws.
• Crizanlizumab (Crizanlizumab):Qhov no yog ib hom monoclonal antibody. Nws tuaj yeem tiv thaiv koj cov qe ntshav liab kom tsis txhob lo rau ntawm phab ntsa ntawm koj cov hlab ntsha.
• L-glutamine: Qhov no yog ib qho amino acid uas pab txo qhov kev puas tsuaj rau cov qe ntshav liab.
• Voxelotor: Cov tshuaj no tiv thaiv koj cov qe ntshav liab kom tsis txhob lo thiab lo ua ke.

Kev hloov ntshav

Cov kws kho mob yuav siv kev hloov ntshav los kho cov teeb meem aplastic lossis hyperhemolytic sickle cell crises. Kev kho mob no tuaj yeem ua rau koj cov qe ntshav liab noj qab nyob zoo thiab txo koj qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem sickle cell. Ib txhia neeg yuav tsum tau hloov ntshav ntau zaus.

Kev hloov pauv

Qee zaum kev hloov pob txha lossis kev hloov noob hlwb yuav yog tib txoj kev los kho tus kab mob sickle cell. Txawm li cas los xij, kev nrhiav tus neeg pub dawb uas phim (xws li tus kwv tij) tuaj yeem siv sijhawm me ntsis. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev hloov pob txha tuaj yeem ua rau muaj lwm yam teeb meem loj, xws li kab mob graft vs. host (GvHD). Vim li no, cov kws kho mob tsis tshua ua kev hloov pob txha thaum kho cov teeb meem sickle cell. Hloov chaw, lub hom phiaj tseem ceeb yog kho koj cov tsos mob thiab txo koj qhov mob.

Qhov no puas tiv thaiv tau?

Cov teeb meem ntawm cov hlwb sickle cell tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tau tas li. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qee yam uas tuaj yeem pab txo qhov kev pheej hmoo:

• Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb kiag li.
• Yog koj nyob rau hauv ib puag ncig txias, hnav khaub ncaws kom sov so. Qhov txias tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha nqaim thiab ua rau muaj teeb meem loj.
• Txwv lossis tsum tsis txhob haus cawv kiag li . Cawv tuaj yeem ua rau cov dej khaws cia.
• Haus tsawg kawg yog 8-10 khob dej ib hnub (kom tsis txhob haus dej ntau dhau).
• Noj cov tshuaj folic acid txhua hnub kom cov qe ntshav liab ntau ntxiv (qhov no yuav tsum ua raws li tus kws kho mob qhia).
• Ntxuav koj txhais tes nrog xab npum tsis tu ncua kom txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm kev kis kab mob.
• Tau txais txhua yam kev txhaj tshuaj uas yuav tsum tau txhaj raws sijhawm (piv txwv li, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob khaub thuas, tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob ntsws).
• Tsis txhob ua si nawv hnyav dhau, tab sis kev ua si nawv nruab nrab yog qhov zoo.
• Nrhiav txoj hauv kev los txo kev ntxhov siab (piv txwv li yoga, kev xav).

Kuv yuav ua li cas thiaj saib xyuas kuv tus kheej (thaum muaj teeb meem tshwm sim)?

Yog tias koj lossis ib tug neeg nyob ze koj muaj teeb meem mob hlwb sickle cell, ua cov no yuav pab txo cov tsos mob:

• Ua kom sov. Da dej kub los yog muab ib daim pam cua sov rau ntawm qhov mob yuav ua rau koj cov hlab ntsha nthuav dav thiab ua kom cov ntshav ntws zoo dua. Qhov kub kuj tseem yuav pab kom cov leeg nqaij mob so.(Tsis txhob muab cov dej khov rau. Mob khaub thuas tuaj yeem ua rau mob hnyav. Yog li ntawd, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws kom nyob sov li sov tau.)
• Haus dej ntau. Thaum koj haus dej ntau, koj cov qe ntshav liab yuav lo ua ke tsawg dua, ua rau lawv yooj yim txav mus los ntawm cov kav dej.
• Mus zaws. Kev zaws maj mam tuaj yeem ua rau cov ntshav ntws ntau ntxiv, so cov leeg, thiab txo qhov mob.
• Xyaum ua tib zoo xav. Kev tshawb fawb qhia tau tias kev tsom koj lub siab rau ib lub hom phiaj rau lub sijhawm luv luv tuaj yeem pab ua rau koj lub hlwb tsis txhob xav ntau thiab txo qhov mob uas cuam tshuam nrog tus kab mob sickle cell. Txawm tias qee yam yooj yim xws li kev tsom mus rau koj txoj kev ua pa kuj tuaj yeem pab tau.
• Noj cov tshuaj tua mob uas yuav tau yam tsis tas yuav muaj daim ntawv yuav tshuaj. Cov no suav nrog paracetamol, ibuprofen, lossis naproxen (piv txwv li Aleve®). Tab sis tsis txhob noj ntau tshaj li koj tus kws kho mob tau sau tseg.

Thaum twg koj yuav tsum mus rau Chav Kho Mob Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev (ETU) ?

Yog koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no, mus rau Chav Kho Mob Thaum Muaj Xwm Ceev (ETU) ze tshaj plaws tam sim ntawd :

* Yog tias koj muaj mob sai sai, mob hnyav uas tsis tuaj yeem tswj tau nrog cov tshuaj hauv tsev.

Ua pa nyuaj los yog mob hauv siab.

* Kub taub hau heev (tshaj 101°F lossis 38.3°C).

* Ua rau lub cev tsis muaj zog tam sim ntawd, hais lus tsis tau zoo, ib sab ntawm lub ntsej muag poob qis (cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob stroke).

Mob plab heev los yog o.

* Yog tias mob ntshav qab zib nce ntxiv.

* Rau cov txiv neej, qhov mob erection uas kav ntev tshaj 4 teev.

Tsis txhob ncua sij hawm. Kev pib kho mob thaum ntxov tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov teeb meem mus sij hawm ntev.

Cov yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj yuav tsum nco ntsoov

Yog tias koj muaj tus kab mob sickle cell, qhov kev xav txog qhov teeb meem yuav ua rau koj ntxhov siab me ntsis. Cov mob no tuaj yeem ua rau muaj cov tsos mob tsis zoo thiab muaj teeb meem mus ib txhis. Yog tias koj tau muaj tus kab mob sickle cell, koj paub tias lub sijhawm muaj nqis npaum li cas.

Yog tias koj cov tsos mob tsis zoo dua nrog cov tshuaj loog mob uas yuav tsis tas yuav muaj ntawv yuav tshuaj lossis koj cov tshuaj kho mob hauv tsev ib txwm muaj, nws yog lub sijhawm mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob. Lawv nyob ntawm no los pab. Tsis txhob ntshai tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog koj tus mob. Kev kho mob thaum ntxov yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws. Ua haujlwm nrog koj tus kws kho mob los tsim ib txoj kev npaj tswj kev mob uas ua haujlwm rau koj.

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