Koj puas tau hnov lo lus ' Stem Cells ' ua ntej lawm? Tej zaum koj tau hnov txog nws los ntawm tus kws kho mob, hauv TV qhia, lossis hauv tsab xov xwm hauv ntawv xov xwm. Txawm hais tias qhov no yuav zoo li yog ib qho nyuaj, cov stem cells no yog ib qho ntawm cov khoom zoo kawg nkaus hauv peb lub cev. Hnub no, peb yuav tham txog qhov no hauv txoj kev yooj yim heev, hauv txoj kev uas koj tuaj yeem nkag siab.
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov stem cell no yog dab tsi?
Xav txog koj muaj ib pawg khoom ua si Lego uas zoo li hom no. Koj siv tau cov khoom ua si Lego ntawd los ua tsev, ua lub tsheb, ua lub nkoj, lossis txhua yam uas koj xav tau. Cov noob hlwb (stem cells) zoo li ntawd.
Cov hlwb qia (stem cells) yog ib hom hlwb "basic" lossis "master" hauv peb lub cev uas muaj peev xwm dhau los ua lwm hom hlwb tshwj xeeb.
Piv txwv li, ib lub noob hlwb (stem cell) tuaj yeem loj hlob mus ua ib lub noob tawv nqaij, ib lub noob hlwb (lub noob hlab ntsha ), ib lub noob plawv, ib lub noob pob txha, lossis ib lub noob ntshav. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov noob no tuaj yeem tsim ntau lub noob hlwb (stem cell), uas yog, lawv tuaj yeem faib thiab ua cov noob zoo li lawv tus kheej dua thiab dua. Lub peev xwm zoo kawg no yog vim li cas lawv thiaj li tau txais qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev kho mob.
Yog li ntawd, vim li cas cov hlwb no thiaj tseem ceeb ua luaj?
Cov hlwb no tseem ceeb heev rau kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob yav tom ntej vim lawv muaj peev xwm. Lawv tseem ceeb rau peb qho laj thawj tseem ceeb.
1. Kev kho mob los ntawm cov hlwb: Xav txog ib tug neeg muaj mob plawv nres thiab ib feem ntawm lawv lub plawv tau tuag thiab qaug zog. Cov kws tshawb fawb ntseeg tias yav tom ntej, lawv yuav siv tau cov hlwb stem cell los tsim cov hlwb plawv tshiab, noj qab nyob zoo thiab hloov mus rau qhov chaw puas tsuaj kom kho lub plawv . Qhov no yog qhov peb hu ua kev kho mob rov qab . Txoj kev no twb tau siv zoo rau qee yam kab mob ntshav thiab mob qog noj ntshav .
2. Yuav kom nkag siab txog cov kab mob tshwm sim li cas:Cov kws tshawb fawb tuaj yeem saib xyuas cov noob hlwb, piv txwv li, txhim kho mus ua ib lub hlwb hlab ntsha hauv chav kuaj. Qhov no tso cai rau lawv kawm txog qhov tseeb tias muaj dab tsi tshwm sim rau cov hlwb hlab ntsha hauv cov kab mob xws li tus kab mob Parkinson lossis tus kab mob Alzheimer . Kev nkag siab meej tias tus kab mob txhim kho li cas tuaj yeem pab nrhiav kev kho mob.
3. Yuav kuaj cov tshuaj tshiab: Ua ntej muab cov tshuaj tshiab rau tib neeg thiab kuaj, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog kom paub seb nws puas muaj kev nyab xeeb thiab ua haujlwm tau zoo. Yog li, cov hlwb tshwj xeeb uas cuam tshuam nrog tus kab mob uas muaj lus nug (piv txwv li, cov hlwb pancreatic rau ntshav qab zib) tuaj yeem tsim tau hauv chav kuaj los ntawm cov hlwb noob, thiab cov tshuaj tshiab tuaj yeem siv rau cov hlwb ntawd thiab nws cov teebmeem tuaj yeem kuaj tau.
Cov hom hlwb tseem ceeb yog dab tsi?
Muaj ob hom stem cell tseem ceeb. Cia peb saib cov no sib cais.
| Hom Cell | Piav qhia yooj yim |
|---|---|
| Cov Qog Nqaij Hlav Embryonic | Cov no yog tau los ntawm cov qe menyuam uas tau pub dawb, tsis tau siv tom qab kev ua kom cev xeeb tub hauv vitro (IVF). Cov qe no muaj peev xwm ua tau txhua yam qe hauv lub cev. Qhov no yog vim li cas lawv thiaj hu ua 'pluripotent' . Lawv muaj peev xwm kho cov nqaij thiab cov kab mob uas puas tsuaj los ntawm kab mob. |
| Cov Qog Ntshav Laus | Txawm hais tias lawv lub npe, cov hlwb no pom muaj nyob rau hauv lub cev ntawm cov menyuam mos, cov menyuam yaus, thiab cov neeg laus. Lawv tsis muaj peev xwm ua tau ntau yam li cov hlwb embryonic. Piv txwv li, cov hlwb stem cell laus hauv daim tawv nqaij tsuas yog tuaj yeem ua ntau cov hlwb tawv nqaij xwb. Tab sis lawv kuj tseem ceeb heev. Cov hlwb stem cell hauv cov ntshav ntawm txoj hlab ntaws kuj yog ib feem ntawm pawg no. |
| Cov Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) uas raug tsim los | Qhov no yog qhov kev tshawb pom tshiab tshaj plaws hauv kev tshawb fawb. Cov kws tshawb fawb tam sim no tuaj yeem coj ib lub cell laus ib txwm muaj, zoo li koj lub cell tawv nqaij, thiab ua qhov kev hloov pauv me me hauv chav kuaj, thiab hloov nws rov qab mus rau hauv ib lub cell embryonic stem cell uas 'muaj peev xwm ua tau'. Qhov no yog ib qho kev tshawb pom loj, vim nws zam cov teeb meem kev coj ncaj ncees uas cuam tshuam nrog kev siv cov embryos. |
Tam sim no muaj kev kho mob dab tsi siv cov noob hlwb no?
Muaj coob tus neeg xav tias cov hlwb noob kho tau txhua yam kab mob, tab sis qhov tseeb txawv.
Txoj kev kho mob hlwb uas tau pom zoo dav tshaj plaws thiab ua tiav zoo tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb yog kev hloov hlwb pob txha . Qhov no suav nrog kev hloov cov hlwb tsim cov ntshav. Cov no tuaj yeem tau los ntawm hlwb pob txha lossis cov ntshav ntawm txoj hlab ntaws.
Kev kho mob no feem ntau yog siv rau:
- Rau cov mob qog ntshav: Piv txwv li, rau cov kab mob xws li leukemia thiab lymphoma .
- Lwm yam kab mob ntsig txog ntshav: Cov kab mob xws li sickle cell anemia .
- Txhawm rau kho cov pob txha uas puas tsuaj los ntawm kev kho mob qog noj ntshav: Kev kho mob no yog siv los kho cov pob txha uas puas tsuaj los ntawm kev siv tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav lossis kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob.
Qhov tseem ceeb yog tias feem ntau cov kev kho mob los ntawm cov noob hlwb rau lwm yam kab mob (piv txwv li mob pob qij txha, ntshav qab zib, Parkinson's) tseem nyob rau theem tshawb fawb . Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj hnov txog kev kho mob zoo li no qhov twg, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum xav ob zaug thiab nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham ua ntej txiav txim siab.
Puas muaj kev pheej hmoo nrog cov kev kho mob no?
Yog, zoo li txhua yam kev kho mob, muaj qee qhov kev pheej hmoo.
- Yog tias cov hlwb no loj hlob tsis tswj tau, muaj peev xwm ua rau muaj qog nqaij hlav .
- Kev puas tsuaj rau cov noob caj noob ces tuaj yeem tshwm sim hauv cov cell uas cog hauv chav kuaj.
- Qee zaum lub cev tuaj yeem lees paub cov hlwb tshiab no tias yog "txawv teb chaws" thiab tsis lees txais (tawm tsam) lawv.
- Kuj tseem muaj qee qhov kev pheej hmoo cuam tshuam nrog cov txheej txheem (piv txwv li, phais) uas sau lossis txhaj cov cell rau hauv lub cev.
Cov teeb meem hauv kev tshawb fawb txog cov hlwb ntawm cov noob
Txawm hais tias kev tshawb fawb txog cov hlwb noob laus tau ua mus ntau xyoo lawm los xij, kev tshawb fawb txog cov hlwb noob menyuam yaus tsuas yog pib xyoo 1998 xwb. Yog li tseem muaj ntau yam yuav tsum tshawb pom txog lawv.
Ib qho ntawm cov teeb meem tseem ceeb yog cov teeb meem kev coj ncaj ncees . Muaj ntau lub tswv yim sib txawv txog kev tau txais cov hlwb los ntawm cov menyuam hauv plab, thiab qee tus neeg tsis pom zoo nrog qhov kev tshawb fawb no.
Lwm qhov teeb meem yog qhov nyuaj ntawm kev loj hlob cov hlwb laus hauv chav kuaj thiab lawv qhov kev pheej hmoo siab ntawm kev puas tsuaj ntawm cov noob caj noob ces. Nrog rau tag nrho cov no, cov kws tshawb fawb tseem tab tom sim qhib cov lus zais ntawm cov hlwb zoo kawg no.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov hlwb qia (stem cells) yog cov hlwb "master" uas tuaj yeem dhau los ua txhua hom hlwb hauv lub cev.
- Tam sim no, cov no tau siv tau zoo thiab tau pom zoo rau kev hloov pob txha rau cov mob qog ntshav xws li leukemia.
- Kev kho mob hlwb rau cov mob xws li Parkinson's, ntshav qab zib, thiab kab mob plawv tseem nyob rau theem tshawb fawb thiab tseem tsis tau siv ua kev kho mob niaj hnub.
- Txawm hais tias qee lub tsev kawm ntawv ntiag tug thov kom muab kev kho mob qib kev tshawb fawb, lawv txoj kev nyab xeeb thiab kev vam meej tsis tuaj yeem lav tau.
- Ua ntej koj txiav txim siab txog kev kho mob stem cell, nco ntsoov nrog koj tus kws kho mob uas tsim nyog tham thiab nrhiav kev qhia kom raug.
Cov hlwb noob, cov hlwb noob, kev tshawb fawb txog cov hlwb noob, kev kho mob ntawm tes, kev tshawb fawb txog kev kho mob, kev hloov pob txha, kev hloov pob txha, cov hlwb noob embryo, cov hlwb noob laus
💬 Comments (0)
Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus