Puas tau muaj ib tug kws kho mob sau tshuaj rau koj noj ib hom tshuaj "Sulfa" hauv koj lub neej? Tej zaum koj nco qab, lossis tej zaum koj twb tau hnov txog nws lawm. Thaum cov neeg feem coob hnov lo lus "sulfa," lawv xav tias nws yog tib yam tshuaj. Tab sis qhov tseeb nws yog ib lub npe dav dav rau ib pawg tshuaj loj. Yog li hnub no, cia peb tham txog cov tshuaj sulfonamides no yog dab tsi, lawv ua dab tsi, thiab yam tseem ceeb tshaj plaws uas koj yuav tsum paub txog lawv yog dab tsi.
Cov tshuaj sulfonamides no yog dab tsi tiag?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov tshuaj sulfonamides yog ib pawg tshuaj uas tib neeg ua hauv chav kuaj (tshuaj tsim). Lawv tsis yog cov tshuaj uas tshwm sim ntuj tsim. Yog koj saib cov qauv tshuaj ntawm cov tshuaj no, lawv txhua tus muaj ib feem uas muaj cov tshuaj sulfur. Nov yog qhov uas lub npe "sulfonamide" los ntawm.
Yog li cov tshuaj no ua haujlwm li cas? Xav txog nws, cov kab mob uas nkag mus rau hauv peb lub cev xav tau zaub mov kom muaj sia nyob thiab kis mus. Ib qho ntawm cov as-ham uas cov kab mob no xav tau yog folate, lossis vitamin B9 . Cov tshuaj sulfa no ua yog thaiv cov kab mob lub peev xwm los ua cov folate no. Nws zoo li tshaib plab tsis muaj zaub mov. Thaum cov kab mob tsis muaj folate, lawv tsis tuaj yeem faib lossis loj hlob thiab maj mam tuag.
Tam sim no koj yuav xav tias, "Peb kuj xav tau folate thiab, yog li nws puas yuav tsis ua rau peb mob?" Ntawd yog ib lo lus nug zoo! Tab sis peb, uas yog, tib neeg, tau txais cov folate uas peb xav tau los ntawm cov khoom noj uas peb noj. Peb tsis ua folate hauv peb lub cev. Yog li cov tshuaj no tsis cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau peb cov hlwb hauv txoj kev ntawd. Yog vim li cas lawv thiaj li yog ib txoj hauv kev zoo heev los tua cov kab mob.
Cov tshuaj Sulfa tseem ceeb niaj hnub no ib yam li thaum ub.
Cov tshuaj sulfonamides tsis yog thawj cov tshuaj tua kab mob uas tau tshawb pom. Tab sis tom qab lawv tau tshawb pom hauv xyoo 1930, lawv yog cov tshuaj tua kab mob zoo tshaj plaws thiab muaj zog tshaj plaws rau li kaum xyoo. Ua ntej penicillin pib nrov, cov tshuaj sulfa no tau pab txo cov neeg tuag los ntawm cov kab mob bacterial.
Tiamsis niaj hnub no, cov tshuaj sulfonamides tsis yog siv los kho cov kab mob bacterial xwb. Cov tshuaj no siv los kho ntau yam kab mob sib txawv, suav nrog ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab, kab mob HIV, thiab qee hom mob qog noj ntshav.
Cov tshuaj twg ntxiv uas koom nrog pawg sulfonamide?
Daim ntawv teev npe no ntev me ntsis, tab sis nws yuav muab lub tswv yim rau koj txog ntau npaum li cas cov tshuaj no siv rau. Cia peb muab qhov no faib ua ob ntu.
| Lub Npe Tshuaj | Cov Kev Siv Feem Ntau |
|---|---|
| 1. Cov tshuaj tua kab mob sulfonamides | |
| Sulfacetamide | Ua ib qho tshuaj pleev rau pob txuv lossis ua qhov muag tee rau cov kab mob qhov muag (conjunctivitis) |
| Sulfadiazine (Silvadene®) | Txhawm rau tiv thaiv kev kis kab mob ntawm cov qhov txhab kub hnyiab |
| Sulfasalazine (Azulfidine®) | Kab mob ulcerative thiab mob rheumatoid arthritis |
| Sulfamethoxazole (muaj nyob rau hauv Bactrim™) | Ntau yam kab mob bacterial xws li kab mob ntawm txoj hlab zis, kab mob ua pa |
| 2. Cov tshuaj sulfonamides uas tsis yog tshuaj tua kab mob | |
| Furosemide (Lasix®), Bumetanide (Bumex®) | Cov tshuaj diuretics kom txo cov dej khaws cia (o) hauv lub cev thiab ntshav siab |
| Celecoxib (Celebrex®) | Rau cov mob pob qij txha xws li mob pob qij txha |
| Sumatriptan (Imitrex®) | Rau mob taub hau migraine |
| Tolbutamide, Chlorpropamide | Rau hom ntshav qab zib hom 2 |
| Tamsulosin (Flomax®) | Rau cov teeb meem tso zis uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov qog prostate loj (benign prostatic hyperplasia) |
| Darunavir (Prezista®) | Tshuaj Antiretroviral rau kev kis tus kab mob HIV |
Los ntawm qhov no, koj tuaj yeem pom tias txawm hais tias "sulfa" hu ua "sulfa", nws tsis yog tib yam, thiab nws yog ib chav kawm tshuaj dav heev.
Zaj dab neeg txog 'sulfa allergic' puas muaj tseeb?
Yog, kev ua xua rau cov tshuaj sulfonamide tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Thoob ntiaj teb, ntawm 3 thiab 8 tus neeg ntawm txhua 100 tus neeg ua xua rau cov tshuaj sulfa. Tab sis qhov no zoo ib yam li tus nqi ntawm kev ua xua rau lwm cov tshuaj tua kab mob, xws li penicillin.
Tiam sis qhov tseem ceeb ntawm no yog tias tsuas yog vim koj ua xua rau ib yam tshuaj sulfa xwb, koj yuav tsis ua xua rau lwm yam tshuaj sulfa . Piv txwv li, ib tug neeg uas ua xua rau tshuaj tua kab mob Bactrim yuav tsis ua xua rau tshuaj tua kab mob Celebrex. Vim tias cov qauv tshuaj ntawm ob yam tshuaj sib txawv.
Yog li ntawd, yog tias koj tau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj rau cov tshuaj sulfa, nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob kom nws thiaj li sau tau lwm txoj hauv kev nyab xeeb dua.
Puas muaj tej yam kev mob tshwm sim los yog kev pheej hmoo nrog cov tshuaj no?
Ib yam li lwm yam tshuaj, sulfonamides tuaj yeem muaj qee qhov tsis zoo thiab kev pheej hmoo.
- Kev Tiv Thaiv Kab Mob: Raws li lub sijhawm dhau mus, qee cov kab mob tuaj yeem 'quav yeeb' rau cov tshuaj no thiab ua rau lawv tsis kam siv. Tom qab ntawd cov tshuaj ntawd tsis ua haujlwm rau cov kab mob ntawd lawm.
- Cov kev mob tshwm sim loj heev: Tsis tshua muaj neeg yuav muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj loj heev rau daim tawv nqaij. Stevens-Johnson syndrome thiab toxic epidermal necrolysis yog ob qho mob loj heev, tab sis tsis tshua muaj. Ua ntej koj ntshai txog qee yam zoo li no, nws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws los tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob txog cov tshuaj uas koj noj.
Bactrim puas yog sulfonamide?
Yog, ib feem. Cov tshuaj Bactrim™ muaj sulfamethoxazole, ib hom sulfonamide, thiab lwm yam tshuaj hu ua trimethoprim, uas ua haujlwm zoo sib xws.
Puas yog Celebrex kuj yog tshuaj sulfa?
Yog. Celecoxib (Celebrex®) yog tshuaj tua mob uas yog ib hom tshuaj sulfonamide.
Cov tshuaj no puas ua rau muaj cov pob zeb hauv cov zis?
Qee cov tshuaj sulfa tuaj yeem ua rau cov pob zeb ua rau hauv cov zis. Qhov no tsis yog ib qho kev phiv tshwm sim uas tshwm sim ntau. Yog tias koj tus kws kho mob sau ib qho rau koj, nws yuav qhia koj tias yuav ua li cas los tiv thaiv qhov no (piv txwv li, haus dej ntau). Yog li ntawd, tsis txhob txhawj txog nws.
Cov tshuaj sulfonamides yog ib hom tshuaj uas tau sim zoo thiab muaj pov thawj lawm uas muaj keeb kwm ntev tshaj 90 xyoo. Chiv thawj tsuas yog siv rau kev kis kab mob bacterial xwb, tam sim no lawv siv los kho ntau yam kab mob txij ntawm lub taub hau mus rau ko taw.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov tshuaj sulfonamides, lossis "sulfa," tsis yog ib hom tshuaj xwb. Lawv yog ib pawg tshuaj loj uas siv los kho ntau yam mob, suav nrog ntshav qab zib, ntshav siab, kab mob, thiab mob.
- Yog tias koj tau muaj kev tsis haum tshuaj rau ib yam tshuaj sulfa, nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob ua ntej noj ib yam tshuaj twg.
- Txhua yam tshuaj sulfa txawv. Txawm tias koj ua xua rau ib yam, tsis txhob txhawj tias koj yuav ua xua rau lwm yam. Nug koj tus kws kho mob txog qhov no.
- Noj tshuaj twg los tau tsuas yog raws li kws kho mob qhia xwb. Yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb lossis ntshai txog cov kev mob tshwm sim, nrog koj tus kws kho mob tham txog qhov ntawd.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
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