Koj puas tau xav tias peb lub qhov muag yooj yim dov thaum peb taug kev nqis ntaiv, saib cov zaub mov saum rooj, lossis nyeem ib yam dab tsi hauv peb lub xov tooj? Peb ua cov no txhua lub sijhawm, tab sis peb tsis xav txog cov txheej txheem zoo kawg nkaus tom qab nws, puas yog? Qhov tseeb, ib qho me me, tab sis tseem ceeb heev 'hlau' los ntawm peb lub hlwb, ib lub paj hlwb, pab peb ua txoj haujlwm no. Hnub no peb yuav tham txog tus phab ej me me no, lub paj hlwb trochlear.
Tus kab mob Trochlear no yog dab tsi?
Hais yooj yim xwb, cov hlab ntsha trochlear yog ib cov hlab ntsha uas nqa cov teeb liab los ntawm koj lub hlwb mus rau ib qho leeg nqaij tshwj xeeb hauv koj lub qhov muag. Hais kom meej, nws yog ib cov hlab ntsha uas ua haujlwm. Qhov no txhais tau tias nws tsis nqa cov ntaub ntawv sensory mus rau lub hlwb, tab sis nqa cov lus los ntawm lub hlwb mus rau qhov chaw tsim nyog kom txav mus los. Ib yam li cov hluav taws xob uas ntws los ntawm lub qhov hloov mus rau lub teeb hauv peb lub tsev hla ib txoj hlua.
Muaj 12 khub ntawm cov hlab ntsha tseem ceeb no hauv peb lub taub hau. Peb hu cov hlab ntsha cranial no. Plaub ntawm cov hlab ntsha no yog cov hlab ntsha trochlear. Yog vim li cas nws thiaj hu ua plaub lub hlab ntsha cranial , thiab cov kws kho mob hu nws luv luv (CN IV) . Peb muaj ob lub hlab ntsha no, ib qho rau lub qhov muag sab xis thiab lwm qhov rau lub qhov muag sab laug. Ob leeg muaj tib lub luag haujlwm.
Muaj dab tsi tshwm sim rau cov hlab ntsha no tiag?
Cov hlab ntsha trochlear tsuas muaj ib txoj haujlwm tseem ceeb xwb. Qhov ntawd yog xa cov cim mus rau cov leeg nqaij oblique sab saud saum peb lub qhov muag kom txav mus los. Cov hlab ntsha no thiab cov leeg nqaij no ua haujlwm ua ke kom peb ua tau:
- Saib rau hauv qab: Xav txog seb koj saib rau hauv qab thaum koj taug kev hauv txoj kev, nqis ntaiv, lossis saib koj lub tais thaum koj noj mov. Ob yam no ua ke yog yam ua rau koj ob lub qhov muag saib rau hauv qab txhua lub sijhawm.
- Tig koj ob lub qhov muag mus rau hauv: Qhov no kuj pab tig koj ob lub qhov muag mus rau hauv.
- Tig ob lub qhov muag mus rau sab nraud: Qhov no kuj pab txhawb rau kev tig ob lub qhov muag tawm ntawm lub qhov ntswg thiab mus rau sab nraud.
Lub npe 'trochlear' los ntawm lo lus Latin 'trochleae', uas txhais tau tias 'pulley'. Qhov no yog vim tias cov leeg nqaij sab saud uas tswj cov hlab ntsha no, ua ntej nws txuas rau lub qhov muag, hla dhau ib lub voj ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg uas ua haujlwm zoo li lub pulley. Ib yam li txoj hlua hla dhau lub pulley thaum rub dej los ntawm lub qhov dej. Qhov no yog vim li cas qhov muag txav tuaj yeem tswj tau zoo heev.
Muaj lwm cov hlab ntsha uas pab txav lub qhov muag. Nws yog ib qho zoo uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov cov no thiab:
- Cov hlab ntsha Oculomotor (CN III)
- Cov hlab ntsha Abducens (CN VI)
- Cov hlab ntsha ntawm lub ntsej muag (CN VII) - Qhov no feem ntau pab kaw qhov muag.
Cov hlab ntsha no nyob qhov twg hauv peb lub taub hau?
Txawm hais tias cov hlab ntsha no tsuas tswj ib leeg xwb, txoj kev taug kev los ntawm kev nrhiav cov leeg ntawd mus rau cov hlab ntsha no ntev me ntsis. Nws zoo li tus neeg taug kev mus ncig ua si ntev. Txoj kev taug kev no pib hauv peb lub hlwb. Los ntawm qhov ntawd, nws hla plaub qhov chaw nres tseem ceeb kom txog thaum nws mus txog lub qhov muag.
1. Trochlear nucleus: Qhov no yog qhov pib ntawm cov hlab ntsha. Uas yog, qhov chaw ze tshaj plaws rau lub hlwb. Nws nyob rau sab saum toj ntawm lub hlwb.
2. Ambient cistern: Cov hlab ntsha no ces hla mus ze rau cov ntaub thaiv (meninges) uas nyob ib puag ncig lub hlwb. Qhov no hu ua qhov no.
3. Qhov ntswg qhov quav: Qhov no yog qhov chaw zoo li qhov quav nyob nruab nrab ntawm peb lub taub hau. Cov hlab ntsha kuj hla dhau qhov no.
4. Lub voj voog: Thaum kawg, lub qhov muag nkag mus rau hauv lub voj voog, lub voj voog pob txha ntawm lub taub hau uas lub qhov muag nyob. Qhov no yog qhov chaw uas cov hlab ntsha txuas mus rau nws qhov chaw, cov leeg nqaij sab saud.
Yuav ua li cas yog tias cov hlab ntsha trochlear raug puas tsuaj?
Yog tias cov hlab ntsha no raug puas tsuaj, nws cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau koj lub qhov muag txav thiab pom kev. Cov kws kho mob hu qhov mob no ua mob plawv thib plaub lossis mob plawv trochlear. Muaj ntau cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob no.
| Cov tsos mob | Piav qhia yooj yim xwb |
|---|---|
| Pom kev ob sab (Diplopia) | Qhov no yog qhov tsos mob tseem ceeb. Nws ua rau ib yam zoo li ob yam. Qhov no tuaj yeem pom tseeb tshwj xeeb thaum saib mus rau hauv qab, nqis ntaiv, lossis nyeem phau ntawv. |
| Tig lub taub hau mus rau ib sab | Yuav kom tsis txhob pom ob sab, ntau tus neeg tsis paub tias yuav tsa lawv lub taub hau mus rau qhov muag uas tsis raug mob. Qhov no sim kho qee qhov kev pom. Yog tias tus menyuam yaus me muaj qhov mob no, nws yuav zoo li lub caj dab tawv hu ua torticollis . |
| Qhov muag tsis sib luag (Strabismus) | Zoo li ib lub qhov muag tig mus rau lwm qhov, es tsis yog ob lub qhov muag taw rau tib qho kev. Qhov no zoo ib yam li tus mob hu ua strabismus. |
| Kev tsis sib xws ntawm lub ntsej muag | Qhov no feem ntau pom muaj rau cov neeg uas yug los muaj tus mob no. Nws zoo li kev loj hlob ntawm nruab nrab ntawm lub ntsej muag txo qis (midfacial hypoplasia). |
Dab tsi yog qhov ua rau muaj kev puas tsuaj rau cov hlab ntsha no?
Cov hlab ntsha trochlear muaj txoj kev ntev hla lub pob txha taub hau, ua rau nws yooj yim raug mob dua li lwm cov hlab ntsha cranial, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog los ntawm kev raug mob taub hau .
- Kev sib tsoo ntawm tsheb (tshwj xeeb yog kev sib tsoo ntawm maus taus)
- Cov kev ua si zoo li boxing
- Cov dej tsaws tsag
Qee zaum, qhov xav tsis thoob, txawm tias qhov me me ntawm lub taub hau tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha no puas tsuaj.
Muaj lwm yam laj thawj uas tsis tshua muaj neeg pom:
- Teeb meem ntawm cov hlab ntsha, tshwj xeeb yog cov mob uas tshwm sim los ntawm cov kab mob xws li ntshav qab zib (kab mob microvascular) .
- Kev nias ntawm cov hlab ntsha vim yog lub qog hauv hlwb loj hlob ze ntawm cov hlab ntsha.
- Nce siab intracranial.
Muaj ib txhia menyuam mos yug los muaj teeb meem nrog cov hlab ntsha no. Nws hu ua congenital fourth nerve palsy.
Peb yuav ua li cas kom peb cov hlab ntsha noj qab nyob zoo?
Peb yeej tsis tuaj yeem tiv thaiv tej yam xws li tej yam uas ua rau muaj mob los ntawm noob neej los. Txawm li cas los xij, peb ua tau ntau yam los ntawm kev zam kev raug mob taub hau thiab saib xyuas kev noj qab haus huv ntawm lub paj hlwb feem ntau.
Cia peb tiv thaiv kev raug mob taub hau!
- Ua kom koj lub tsev nyob nyab xeeb: Yog tias koj muaj ib tug menyuam yaus me me hauv koj lub tsev, ceev faj txog qhov chaw uas lawv yuav ntog thiab ntaus lawv lub taub hau. Yog tias koj muaj ib tug neeg laus, xav txog qhov chaw uas lawv yuav plam thiab ntog (piv txwv li, chav dej).
- Siv txoj siv sia thiab lub kaus mom hlau: Ib txwm hnav txoj siv sia thaum caij tsheb. Thauj cov menyuam yaus hauv lub rooj zaum hauv tsheb kom raug. Yuav tsum hnav lub kaus mom hlau raws li tus qauv uas tau teev tseg thaum caij tsheb kauj vab lossis maus taus.
- Kev Nyab Xeeb thaum ua si kis las: Hnav cov khoom siv tiv thaiv kom zoo thaum ua si kis las sib chwv xws li rugby thiab boxing.
Ua kom lub paj hlwb noj qab nyob zoo feem ntau
- Cov Khoom Noj Muaj Txiaj Ntsig: Vitamin D thiab vitamin B12 rau lub paj hlwb noj qab nyob zooTseem ceeb heev. Yog li ntawd, ntxiv cov khoom noj uas muaj cov no (ntses, qe, mis nyuj, zaub) rau hauv koj cov zaub mov noj.
- Kev tswj cov kab mob ntev: Kab mob ntshav qab zib thiab ntshav siab yog ob yam kab mob tseem ceeb uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov hlab ntsha puas tsuaj. Yog tias koj muaj cov kab mob no, ua raws li koj tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia thiab tswj lawv kom zoo.
- Tso tseg kev haus luam yeeb: Kev haus luam yeeb ua rau cov ntshav ntws mus rau cov hlab ntsha tsis zoo. Yog li ntawd, nrhiav kev pab kom tso tseg kev haus luam yeeb.
- Tswj kom muaj qhov hnyav noj qab nyob zoo: Tswj kom muaj qhov hnyav noj qab nyob zoo uas haum rau koj lub cev yog qhov tseem ceeb heev rau kev noj qab haus huv tag nrho.
- Txo kev ntxhov siab: Tej yam xws li kev xav, kev taug kev, thiab kev ua yoga tuaj yeem pab txo kev ntxhov siab.
Kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob thaum twg?
Yog tias koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob uas peb tau tham ua ntej, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj xav tias koj pom ob yam thaum koj saib rau hauv qab , lossis yog tias koj yuav tsum tsa koj lub taub hau kom pom tseeb, tsis txhob xav tias nws tsis ua li cas. Thov mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob sai li sai tau.
Koj tus kws kho mob yuav kuaj koj thiab, yog tias tsim nyog, xa koj mus rau kws kho qhov muag lossis kws kho mob hlwb. Lawv yuav ua cov kev kuaj mob tsim nyog thiab piav qhia rau koj tias yog dab tsi ua rau qhov no thiab yuav ua li cas.
Nco ntsoov tias, txawm tias qhov me tshaj plaws ntawm peb lub cev muaj lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb heev. Lub paj hlwb trochlear kuj tsis muaj qhov tshwj xeeb. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum saib xyuas peb lub cev thiab ua tib zoo mloog cov cim uas nws muab rau peb.
Cov Lus Qhia Txog Kev Coj Mus Tsev
- Cov hlab ntsha trochlear yog ib qho hlab ntsha cranial tseem ceeb heev uas pab txav peb lub qhov muag mus rau hauv qab thiab sab.
- Qhov ua rau cov hlab ntsha no puas tsuaj yog raug mob taub hau. Yog li ntawd, yuav tsum tiv thaiv koj lub taub hau ua ntej.
- Cov tsos mob tseem ceeb yog pom ob sab (diplopia) thaum saib rau hauv qab lossis yuav tsum tau tsa lub taub hau kom pom tseeb.
- Yog koj muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob no, tsis txhob tsis quav ntsej lawv thiab nrhiav kev pab kho mob tam sim ntawd.
- Tswj cov kab mob ntev xws li ntshav qab zib thiab ntshav siab kom zoo, tsis txhob haus luam yeeb, thiab ua neej noj qab nyob zoo yuav pab kom koj cov hlab ntsha noj qab nyob zoo.
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Tsis muaj lus teb tau muab tso tawm. Ntxiv koj cov lus tawm ntawm no thawj zaug.
Ntxiv koj cov lus