Wilms Tumor yog dab tsi? Koj tus menyuam puas muaj feem yuav mob? Cia peb paub!

Koj yuav xav li cas yog tias koj tab tom da dej, hnav khaub ncaws, lossis tsuas yog tuav koj tus me nyuam thiab hnov ​​​​​​ib lub pob me me ntawm lawv lub plab? Qhov ntawd txaus ntshai heev, puas yog? Thaum lub sijhawm zoo li no, peb yuav tsum xav txog qhov mob no hu ua Wilms' tumor. Cia peb tham txog nws yooj yim hnub no.

Wilms Tumor yog dab tsi tiag?

Hais yooj yim xwb, mob qog Wilms yog ib hom mob qog raum uas tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus. Nws yog li ntawm 90 feem pua ​​ntawm cov mob qog raum raum rau cov menyuam yaus. Qee zaum, mob qog Wilms tuaj yeem tshwm sim ua ke nrog lwm yam mob uas muaj thaum yug los. Peb hu cov no "congenital syndromes" lossis cov mob uas muaj thaum yug los.

Qhov no kuj hu ua `(Wilms' tumor)` thiab `(nephroblastoma)`. Feem ntau, tsuas muaj ib lub qog hauv ib lub raum xwb. Txawm li cas los xij, qee tus menyuam yaus tuaj yeem muaj cov qog hauv ob lub raum `(ob sab),` lossis tuaj yeem muaj ntau dua ib qho chaw mob qog hauv ib lub raum.

Leej twg tau qhov no ntau tshaj?

Qhov no yog ib qho mob tsis tshua muaj uas cuam tshuam rau cov neeg laus. Wilms tumor yog ib hom mob qog noj ntshav uas feem ntau cuam tshuam rau cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 15 xyoos . 95% ntawm cov menyuam yaus uas muaj tus kab mob no raug kuaj pom ua ntej hnub nyoog 10 xyoos.

Cov menyuam dub uas yog neeg African muaj feem yuav mob ntau dua me ntsis. Cov menyuam Esxias muaj feem yuav mob tsawg dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov ntxhais muaj feem yuav mob ntau dua li cov tub hluas.

Hauv feem pua ​​me me ntawm cov tsev neeg, qhov no kuj tau tshaj tawm tias yog ib yam dab tsi uas los ntawm cov noob caj noob ces.

Tus mob no feem ntau tshwm sim li cas?

Nyob rau hauv lub tebchaws zoo li Asmeskas, lawv hais tias muaj li ntawm 500 tus neeg mob tshiab ntawm Wilms qog nqaij hlav txhua xyoo. Nws nyuaj rau nrhiav cov ntaub ntawv tseeb txog nws li cas hauv Sri Lanka, tab sis qhov no yog mob qog nqaij hlav uas pom tau ntawm cov menyuam yaus.

Cov tsos mob dab tsi uas pom tau los ntawm Wilms qog nqaij hlav?

Nws tsis tshua muaj menyuam yaus uas muaj Wilms tumor muaj lwm yam mob uas yug los. Tab sis nws tuaj yeem tshwm sim. Nov yog qee cov tsos mob tseem ceeb:

• Kab mob Beckwith-Wiedemann: Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kab mob no muaj feem yuav mob qog nqaij hlav Wilms li ntawm 5% txog 10%. Qhov no yog ib qho mob uas ib feem ntawm lub cev loj dua li qub. Qee zaum ib sab ntawm lub cev yuav loj dua lwm sab.
• Kab mob WAGR: Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj kab mob no muaj feem yuav mob qog nqaij hlav Wilms 50% (lub npe W sawv cev rau Wilms). Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau lub qhov muag poob ib feem (Aniridia), nrog rau teeb meem ntawm qhov chaw mos thiab lub raum.
• Denys-Drash syndrome:Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj cov tsos mob no ua ke muaj feem yuav mob qog Wilms, uas kuj tseem tuaj yeem ua rau muaj teeb meem nrog cov kab mob yug me nyuam thiab raum.

Cov tsos mob ntawm Wilms qog yog dab tsi?

Nrhiav cov cim no hauv koj tus menyuam:

• Ib lub pob los yog ib lub pob khov kho hauv plab (plab). Lub pob no qee zaum yuav mob, tab sis feem ntau nws tsis mob.
• Mob plab.
• Ntshav nyob rau hauv cov zis (hematuria).
• Ua npaws.
• Ntshav siab (ntshav siab). Qhov no tuaj yeem ua rau tus menyuam ntshav ntswg, mob taub hau, thiab qhov muag liab.

Yog koj muaj ib lossis ntau yam ntawm cov tsos mob no , koj yuav tsum mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

Dab tsi ua rau muaj qog Wilms?

Qhov tseeb, peb tseem tsis tau paub meej tias yog dab tsi ua rau muaj mob qog nqaij hlav Wilms. Txawm hais tias muaj tsawg tus neeg uas muaj kev mob caj ces los xij, nws tsis meej tias vim li cas nws thiaj tshwm sim hauv feem ntau.

Yuav kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav Wilms li cas (kuaj mob)?

Yog tias koj pom ib lub pob nyob rau hauv thaj chaw ntawm koj tus menyuam daim pam, lossis yog tias lub pob ua rau koj siv daim pam loj dua, koj tus kws kho mob yuav xav kuaj seb puas muaj qog Wilms. Cov qog no qee zaum tuaj yeem loj dua lub raum.

Yog tias koj tus menyuam muaj ib qho ntawm cov tsos mob uas peb tau tham ua ntej lossis muaj teeb meem caj ces, koj tuaj yeem tham nrog koj tus kws kho mob thiab txiav txim siab seb puas yuav txuas ntxiv mus kuaj.

Cov kev kuaj mob siv los kuaj mob Wilms tumor yog:

• Kev kuaj lub cev: Thaum lub sijhawm no, tus kws kho mob yuav ua tib zoo kov tus menyuam lub plab.
• Kev ntsuam xyuas duab:
• Kev kuaj mob ultrasound ntawm lub plab.
• Kev luam theej duab CT - Qhov no feem ntau ua los ntawm kev txhaj tshuaj kua tshwj xeeb (contrast).
• Tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav ua duab X-ray hauv siab lossis CT scan kom pom seb tus mob qog noj ntshav puas tau kis mus rau lub ntsws lawm.
• Cov kev kuaj duab no tuaj yeem pab txiav txim siab seb koj tus menyuam puas muaj qog nqaij hlav. Lawv kuj tseem tuaj yeem pab cais qhov txawv ntawm qog nqaij hlav Wilms thiab lwm hom qog nqaij hlav raum.
• Kev kuaj ntshav thiab zis: Cov no suav nrog kev kuaj lub siab ua haujlwm thiab kev kuaj ntshav txhaws.
• Kev kuaj mob me me (biopsy): Qhov no suav nrog kev muab ib daim nqaij me me los ntawm lub qog thiab xa mus rau chav kuaj mob kom kuaj.

Koj yuav tsum paub dab tsi txog kev txiav txim siab mob qog noj ntshav?

Muaj ob txoj kev los txiav txim siab seb tus mob Wilms tumor nyob rau theem twg, uas yog, tus mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus deb npaum li cas. Qhov no hu ua "kev faib theem." Tus lej siab dua, tus mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus deb npaum li cas.

Cov kws kho mob hauv cov teb chaws Europe siv lub koom haum International Society of Paediatric Oncology (SIOP). Cov kws kho mob hauv Tebchaws Meskas thiab Canada siv lub koom haum Children's Oncology Group (COG).

Qhov txawv ntawm ob txoj kev no yog tias hauv txoj kev COG, theem ntawm qhov mob qog noj ntshav raug kuaj xyuas tom qab phais thiab ua ntej muab tshuaj chemotherapy (tshuaj tiv thaiv mob qog noj ntshav). Hauv txoj kev SIOP, kev phais mob ua tiav tom qab chemotherapy thiab theem tsuas yog kuaj xyuas tom qab ntawd xwb.

Cov theem nyob rau hauv COG system raug faib ua raws li nram no:

• Theem I: Lub qog tsuas yog nyob hauv tus menyuam lub raum xwb thiab tuaj yeem raug phais tshem tawm tag nrho.
• Theem II: Cov qog tau loj hlob tawm ntawm lub raum, tab sis tuaj yeem tshem tawm tag nrho nrog kev phais.
• Theem III: Tus mob qog no tsis tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tag nrho. Cov hlwb qog tseem nyob hauv tus menyuam lub plab (qhov chaw mos).
• Theem IV: Tus mob qog noj ntshav tau kis mus dhau ntawm tus menyuam lub plab thiab lub duav mus rau lwm qhov chaw, xws li lub ntsws, siab, pob txha, thiab lub hlwb.
• Theem V: Cov qog nyob hauv ob lub raum (ob sab). Hauv theem no, cov kws kho mob saib theem ntawm ob lub raum sib cais.

Yuav kho tus mob Wilms qog li cas?

Feem ntau kho tau tus mob Wilms' tumor los ntawm kev phais thiab kev siv tshuaj kho mob qog nqaij hlav. Tej zaum kuj siv tau kev kho mob hluav taws xob.

Cov menyuam yaus uas muaj cov qog nqaij hlav uas tsis tshua muaj kev pheej hmoo, qhov twg cov qog nqaij hlav tseem tsis tau kis mus rau lwm qhov thiab cov qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm tag nrho, tej zaum yuav muaj peev xwm phais tau lawv tus kheej xwb. Qee zaum, kev siv tshuaj chemotherapy tuaj yeem muab ua ntej phais kom cov qog nqaij hlav me dua, ua rau kev phais muaj kev nyab xeeb dua.

Kev kho mob chemotherapy feem ntau yog muab los ntawm cov hlab ntsha hauv lub cev (IV). Qhov no tuaj yeem ua tau thaum mus pw hauv tsev kho mob lossis hauv tsev kho mob.

Koj tus menyuam yuav muaj tej yam tshwm sim los ntawm kev siv tshuaj chemotherapy lossis kev kho mob hluav taws xob. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, nco ntsoov qhia rau koj tus kws kho mob. Muaj tej yam uas koj ua tau los txo cov kev tshwm sim thiab cov tshuaj uas koj muab rau koj tus menyuam.

Puas tiv thaiv tau tus kab mob Wilms' tumor?

Yeej tsis muaj ib yam dab tsi uas koj lossis koj tus menyuam ua tau los ua rau lossis tiv thaiv tau Wilms qog nqaij hlav. Qhov no yog ib yam dab tsi uas peb tswj tsis tau.

Yuav muaj kev kwv yees li cas rau ib tus neeg uas muaj qog Wilms?

Feem ntau, qhov kev kwv yees rau Wilms' tumor feem ntau zoo. Qhov tshwm sim feem ntau zoo heev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias tus kws kho mob muaj peev xwm tshem tawm cov qog thiab qhov mob qog tsis tau kis mus rau lwm qhov hauv lub cev. Txawm li cas los xij, muaj qhov tshwm sim me me uas Wilms' tumor yuav "rov qab los".

Puas yog Wilms qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus?

Txawm hais tias Wilms qog tuaj yeem kho tau zoo nrog kev phais, tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav, thiab/lossis kev kho mob hluav taws xob,Qhov no tseem yog mob qog noj ntshav. Yog li ntawd, nws tuaj yeem ua rau tuag taus. Yog vim li ntawd nws thiaj li tseem ceeb kom paub txog nws thaum ntxov thiab pib kho.

Tus nqi ntawm Wilms qog nqaij hlav yuav muaj sia nyob li cas?

Kwv yees li 90% ntawm cov neeg uas kuaj pom tias muaj tus kab mob Wilms tseem muaj sia nyob tom qab tsib xyoos. Tus nqi no tuaj yeem hloov me ntsis nyob ntawm cov yam xws li theem ntawm tus kab mob qog noj ntshav, qhov loj ntawm tus kab mob qog noj ntshav, thiab cov qe ntshav qog noj ntshav zoo li cas hauv qab lub tshuab microscope (histology). Txawm hais tias yav dhau los hais tias cov menyuam yaus hnub nyoog qis dua 2 xyoos muaj kev pheej hmoo tsawg dua ntawm kev rov qab los, hnub nyoog tam sim no tsis yog ib qho tseem ceeb dua li yav dhau los.

Thaum twg kuv yuav tsum mus ntsib kuv tus kws kho mob txog qhov mob qog Wilms?

Yog tias koj tus menyuam raug kho rau Wilms' tumor, mus ntsib koj tus kws kho mob yog tias koj muaj kev txhawj xeeb lossis lus nug. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog tias koj pom muaj cov tsos mob tshiab lossis yog tias muaj qee yam zoo li hnyav zuj zus, qhia rau lawv paub tam sim ntawd.

Thaum koj kho mob, koj pab neeg kho mob yuav qhia koj seb yuav tsum ceev faj li cas, xws li cov cim qhia txog kev kis kab mob ntawm txoj hlab zis. Yog tias qhov no tshwm sim, koj yuav tsum mus rau chav kho mob ceev.

Tus me nyuam kuj yuav tsum tau mus ntsib kws kho mob tas li kom paub tseeb tias lawv noj qab nyob zoo. Tus kws kho mob kuj tseem yuav xa tus me nyuam mus rau kws kho mob raum (nephrologist) lossis kws kho mob tshwj xeeb txog kev tso zis (urologist).

Kuv yuav pab kuv tus menyuam kom noj qab nyob zoo tom qab kho mob qog Wilms li cas?

Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas koj tus menyuam ua cov no:

• Haus dej kom txaus kom pab koj lub raum ua haujlwm tau zoo.
• Txwv kev siv cov tshuaj xws li aspirin, ibuprofen, thiab naproxen. Tham nrog koj tus menyuam tus kws kho mob txog cov tshuaj twg yuav ua rau koj tus menyuam lub raum puas tsawg tshaj plaws.
• Xyuas koj cov ntshav siab tsis tu ncua.

Puas yog Wilms qog mob?

Qee zaum Wilms qog nqaij hlav tuaj yeem mob, tab sis nws tsis yog ib txwm mob.

Qhov txawv ntawm Wilms' tumor (nephroblastoma) thiab neuroblastoma yog dab tsi?

Txawm hais tias ob lo lus no zoo ib yam, lawv yog ob hom mob qog noj ntshav uas pib hauv ob hom hlwb sib txawv. Nephroblastoma yog mob qog noj ntshav ntawm lub raum. Neuroblastoma yog mob qog noj ntshav uas pib hauv cov hlwb hlab ntsha. Feem ntau nws pib hauv cov qog adrenal, tab sis nws kuj tuaj yeem nkag mus rau hauv lub raum. Ob hom mob qog noj ntshav tshwm sim rau cov menyuam yaus, thiab ob qho tib si tuaj yeem nthuav tawm ua lub qog hauv plab. Yog li ntawd, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb kom tau txais kev kuaj mob kom raug.

Yog tias koj tus menyuam raug kuaj pom tias muaj qog Wilms, koj tus kws kho mob yuav pom zoo kom koj hu rau lub chaw kho mob uas tshwj xeeb hauv kev kho mob qog nqaij hlav rau menyuam yaus. Txawm hais tias qog Wilms tsis tshua muaj, nws yog ib qho kab mob uas kho tau. Koj tus menyuam kuj tseem yuav tsim nyog koom nrog kev sim tshuaj. Muaj ntau tus menyuam uas muaj qog Wilms tau sau npe rau hauv qhov kev pab cuam no. Ntau qhov kev nce qib hauv kev kho mob qog Wilms yog qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov kev sim tshuaj no.

Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws (Cov Lus Coj Mus Tsev)

Zoo, yog li peb tau tham ntau txog Wilms' qog, puas yog? Qhov tseem ceeb uas yuav tsum nco ntsoov yog tias yog koj pom muaj cov qog lossis o ntawm koj tus menyuam lub plab, tsis txhob ntshai thiab mus ntsib kws kho mob tam sim ntawd.

• Wilms' tumor yog ib hom mob qog nqaij hlav uas tshwm sim hauv cov menyuam yaus lub raum.
• Txawm hais tias qhov ua rau qhov no tsis paub meej los xij, tej zaum yuav muaj qee yam kev cuam tshuam los ntawm caj ces.
• Yog kuaj pom thaum ntxov thiab kho kom zoo, ces yuav muaj feem rov zoo dua.
• Kev phais mob, kev siv tshuaj kho mob qog noj ntshav, thiab qee zaum kev kho mob hluav taws xob yog cov kev kho mob tseem ceeb.
• Txawm tias tom qab kho mob lawm los, nws tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum ua raws li tus kws kho mob cov lus qhia kom zoo thiab mus kuaj mob raws sijhawm teem tseg.

Tsis txhob ntshai. Kev kho mob niaj hnub no zoo heev. Qhov tseem ceeb tshaj plaws yog koj txoj kev mloog zoo thiab ua sai sai. Kuv vam tias koj tus menyuam yuav zoo sai sai!

` Mob qog nqaij hlav Wilms, nephroblastoma, mob qog nqaij hlav thaum yau, mob qog nqaij hlav raum, kev noj qab haus huv ntawm cov menyuam yaus, cov tsos mob ntawm mob qog nqaij hlav, kev kho mob qog nqaij hlav