Wetin na "Ligal Blaynd"? Lɛ wi tɔk bɔt dis simpul wan!

Yu go mɔs dɔn yɛri di wɔd "Legally Blind." Bɔt yu go mɔs de wɔnda se, "Dat min se yu nɔ de si atɔl? Ɔ i min ɔda tin?" Dis na sɔntin we nid sɔm klarifyeshɔn. Bikɔs nɔto mɛrɛsin wɔd we dɔktɔ dɛn kin yuz bɔku tɛm. So, lɛ wi tɔk bɔt am mɔ, nɔto so?

Wetin rili "Legally Blind" min?

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, "Legally Blind" na ligal ɛn administretiv wɔd fɔ siriɔs wan we nɔ de si fayn. Nɔto wɔd we dɛn kin yuz fɔ mɛn sik fɔ tɔk bɔt wan sik. Bifo dat, na institiushɔn dɛn lɛk gɔvmɛnt ɛjɛnshi dɛn kin yuz am fɔ no udat fit fɔ gɛt difrɛn polisi ɛn bɛnifit dɛn we gɛt fɔ du wit we pɔsin nɔ de si fayn. Dat min se if pɔsin in yay, ɔ di we aw i de si, ikwal ɔ smɔl pas dɛn lɛvul ya, dɛn kin tek da pɔsin de as "ligal blind."

Tink bɔt am dis we, sɔm pipul dɛn nɔ kin si klia wan ivin wit glas. Insay dɛn kayn tin ya, di gɔvmɛnt kin mɛzhɔ aw dɛn nɔ de si fayn ɛn gi sɔm rilif. Dis "legally blind" tin na so.

Wetin na di difrɛns bitwin tɔtal blayndnɛs ɛn "ligal blayndnɛs"?

We wi se "blind," bɔku pipul dɛn kin tink bɔt stet usay dɛn nɔ kin si natin, ɔltin na pitch blak. Dɔktɔ dɛn kɔl dis "No Light Perception" (NLP) . Dat min se dɛn nɔ ebul fɔ si ivin smɔl layt. Bɔt nɔto ɔlman we blaynd kin fɔdɔm insay dis kategori. Infakt, na 15% pan di pipul dɛm wae gɛt ay sik kin blaynd ɔl. Di ɔda 85% gɛt sɔm lɛvɛl fɔ si. Dat min se sɔntɛnde dɛn kin ebul fɔ rid big big tin dɛn, no big tin dɛn, ɔ no difrɛns bitwin layt ɛn daknɛs.

"Ligal blind" min se pɔsin gɛt sɔm lɛvul fɔ si, bɔt i nɔ go du fɔ gɛt rilif frɔm di lɔ.

Aw dɛn kin disayd "legally blind"? (Amɛrikan ɛgzampul)

Di we aw dɛn kin no dis "legally blind" kin difrɛn smɔl frɔm wan kɔntri to ɔda kɔntri. Lɛ wi tek wan luk aw dɛn kin du am na Amɛrika, fɔ ɛgzampul. Na de, di Soshal Sikyuriti Administreshɔn (SSA) na di gɔvmɛnt ɛjɛnsy we de sɛt di rigyuleshɔn dɛn. Dɛn de yuz wan difinishɔn we di American Medical Association bin mek insay 1934.

Frɔm da difinishɔn de, fɔ mek pɔsin "lɛgal blaynd," at le wan pan dɛn tin ya fɔ bi tru:

• Ivin if yu wɛr glas ɔ kɔntakt lens, di we aw yu de si na yu bɛtɛ yay fɔ bi 20/200 ɔ pas dat. Dis de tɔk bɔt di vishɔn we de na di sɛntrɔm pan di say we yu de si. If wan pan yu yay bɛtɛ pas di ɔda wan, dɛn kin tek di mɛzhɔmɛnt na di bɛtɛ yay.
• Di say we yu de si nɔ fɔ wayd pas 20 digri.Dat min se di rεnj we yu kin si fɔ rili smɔl. Bak, if wan yay in fil fɔ si big pas di ɔda wan, dɛn kin tek di mɛzhɔmɛnt frɔm da bɛtɛ yay de.

Impɔtant: Dis na difinishɔn frɔm Amɛrika. Difrɛn difinishɔn ɔ mɛtodɔlɔji kin de na Sri Lanka ɔ ɔda kɔntri dɛn. Bɔt di bɛsis aidia rili fiba - dat na, wan impɔtant digri we pɔsin nɔ de si fayn.

Wetin na 20/200 vishɔn? Lɛ wi ɔndastand am simpul wan

We wi de chɛk wi yay, dɔktɔ dɛn kin gi wi tu nɔmba dɛn, fɔ ɛgzampul 20/20, 20/40, 20/200. Wetin dis min?

Jɛnɛral wan, dɛn kin tek 20/20 vishɔn as wɛlbɔdi, nɔmal vishɔn.

Naw lɛ wi si wetin 20/200 min:

• Di fɔs nɔmba (20) na aw fa yu de luk sɔntin (insay fut).
• Di sɛkɔn nɔmba (200) na aw fa pɔsin we gɛt nɔmal vishɔn kin si di sem tin klia wan.

Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, pɔsin we gɛt 20/200 vishɔn go nid fɔ muv lɛk 20 fit nia fɔ si sɔntin we pɔsin we gɛt nɔmal 20/20 vishɔn kin si klia wan frɔm 200 fit fa. If nɔto dat, di tin go nid fɔ big tɛn tɛm fɔ mek dɛn si am klia wan na da distans de.

Imajin, if yu de waka na strit ɛn nɔmal pɔsin ebul fɔ rid bɔs nɔmba frɔm 200 fit, yu, we gɛt 20/200 vishɔn, fɔ wet te yu de lɛk 20 fit frɔm di bɔs fɔ rid am. Yu ɔndastand?

• if di sεkכn nכmba sכ m (e.g. 20/15), i min se yu vishכn bεtε pas avεrej.
• if di sεkכn nכmba big (e.g. 20/200), i min se yu vish כn wik pas avεrej.

Aw ɔda kɔntri dɛn na di wɔl de si dis tin we de apin?

pan ɔl we di threshold fɔ "legally blind" na Amɛrika na 20/200, sɔm kɔntri dɛn kin yuz ɔda wɔd dɛn ɔ difayn ivin mɔ siriɔs lɛvɛl dɛn fɔ mek pɔsin nɔ ebul fɔ si fayn.

Fɔ ɛgzampul, Yunaytɛd Kiŋdɔm (UK) de yuz di mɛtrik sistɛm. na de, we yu si 6/60 (we na roughly ikwal to 20/200) dεn kin tek am se na "sight impaired (partially sighted)" . Dɛn gɛt wan thrɛshɔld we na 6/150 (we na lɛk 20/500 insay fit) ɛn dɛn kɔl am "severely sight impaired (blind) ."

Dɔn bak, bɔku kɔntri dɛn ɔlsay na di wɔl de abop pan di Wol Ɛlth Ɔganayzeshɔn (WHO) in Intanɛshɔnal Klasifikeshɔn fɔ Sik (ICD) fɔ di difinishɔn dɛn we dɛn gɛt na di lɔ. Di las 11th edishɔn fɔ di ICD de klas di wan dɛn we nɔ de si fayn, we gɛt tri kategori fɔ "blayndnɛs."

Di ICD de klas di wan dɛn we nɔ de si fayn ɛn di wan dɛn we blaynd akɔdin to dɛn krayteria ya:

• Mild visual impairment: Fɔ si na di bɛst yay, wit glas, nɔ rich 6/12 bɔt i ikwal to ɔ bɛtɛ pas 6/18.
• Modaret we yu nɔ de si fayn:insay di bεst yay, di vishכn wit glas nכ de sכmtεm 6/18 bכt i ikwal to כ bεtε pas 6/60.
• Siriɔs we yu nɔ de si fayn: We yu de si na di bɛst yay, wit glas, i nɔ rich 6/60 bɔt i ikwal to ɔ i bɛtɛ pas 3/60 (ɔ nɔ de si layt). (Bɔku tɛm dis kin ikwal to "ligal blayndnɛs").
• Blayndnɛs: Fɔ si na di bɛst yay, wit glas, nɔ rich 3/60, ɔ di fil fɔ si nɔ rich 10 digri. (Ɔda sabkategori dɛn de insay dis bak).

Aw kɔmɔn tin na "ligal blayndnɛs"?

"Ligal blind" nɔto kɔmɔn kɔndishɔn. Bɔt masta sabi bukman dɛn tink se di nɔmba fɔ pipul dɛn we gɛt dis sik go bɔku kwik kwik wan insay di bɔku bɔku ia dɛn we de kam. Wan stɔdi we dɛn bin du insay 2016 sho se jɔs pas wan milyɔn pipul dɛn na Amɛrika mit di 20/200 vishɔn krayteria. Da sem stɔdi de bin tɔk bak se dis nɔmba go dubl bay 2050.

Dis kin bi bikɔs ɔf di sik dɛn we kin apin na di yay we kin apin we pɔsin de ol (e.g., katarakt, glaukoma, makula dijeneshɔn we kin apin we pɔsin ol) ɛn di damej we kin kam pan di yay bikɔs ɔf sik dɛn lɛk dayabitis.

Aw a go gɛt sɛtifiket fɔ dis "ligal blayndnɛs"? (Nɔmal prɔses) .

Di we aw dɛn kin gɛt sɛtifiket fɔ dis kayn tin kin difrɛn frɔm wan kɔntri to ɔda kɔntri. Insay Amɛrika, di Sɔshial Sikyuriti Administreshɔn (SSA) na di men ɛjɛnsy we de sɛt di kwalifayeshɔn fɔ dis.

Jɛnɛral wan, na sɔm tin dɛn we yu go si se impɔtant fɔ no we i kam pan fɔ gɛt sɛtifiket lɛk dis:

• Di ɛjɛnshi dɛn kin aks fɔ yu mɛdikal rɛkɔd: Pan ɔl we yu go nid fɔ gi pruf fɔ pruv se yu "blaynd bay lɔ," di ɛjɛnshi dɛn kin ɛp yu fɔ gɛda da pruf de if nid de. Dɛn kin aks fɔ rɛkɛd frɔm yu ɔftalmɔlɔjis ɔ ɔda pipul dɛn we de kia fɔ yu wɛlbɔdi biznɛs. Bɔt dɛn nid yu rayt fɔ du dat.
• Yu dɔktɔ na di men sɔs fɔ infɔmeshɔn: bɔt if yu nɔ gɛt wan, ɔ if yu dɔktɔ nɔ ebul fɔ mit di tin dɛn we dɛn nid fɔ du fɔ chɛk fɔ sɔm ɔda rizin, di ɛjɛnsyi kin arenj fɔ mek dɛn du wan kɔnsaltetiv ɛgzam fɔ no if yu mit di krayteria fɔ "ligal blayndnɛs."
• Yu kin stil kwalifay fɔ di sɛtifiket ilɛksɛf yu nɔ de si fayn fɔ lɔng tɛm: Ilɛksɛf yu nɔ de si fayn fɔ sɔm tɛm ɔ yu kin ebul fɔ chenj, i nɔ go bi sɔntin we go mek yu nɔ ebul fɔ gɛt dɛn kayn bɛnifit dɛn de. I dipen pan di lɔ ɛn polisi dɛn na di kɔntri we dɛn de tɔk bɔt.

Insay Sri Lanka, yu kin gɛt infɔmeshɔn bɔt aw fɔ gɛt rilif ɛn savis fɔ dɛn kayn tin ya frɔm institiushɔn dɛn lɛk di Dipatmɛnt fɔ Sɔshial Savis . Dɔn bak, yu dɔktɔ we de mɛn yu yay go ebul fɔ gi yu advays bɔt dis.

Us bɛnifit dɛn de if yu "legally blind"?

We dɛn dɔn sɛtify yu as "legally blind," yu kin ebul fɔ gɛt difrɛn bɛnifit ɛn savis dɛn na difrɛn kɔntri dɛn. Lɛ wi luk sɔm fedaral bɛnifit dɛn we de na Amɛrika as ɛgzampul:

• Sɔshial Sikyuriti Disabiliti Inshɔrans (SSDI) we dɛn kin pe ɛvri mɔnt.
• Mɔntly Supplemental Security Income (SSI) pemɛnt (dɛn kin difrɛn frɔm wan stet to ɔda stet).
• Inshɔrans kɔvarej tru Mɛdikal (ivin if yu nɔ pas 65 ia).

Dis na jɔs ɛgzampul dɛn we kɔmɔt na Amɛrika. Difrɛn kayn ɛp kin de na Sri Lanka ɔ ɔda kɔntri dɛn. Dɛn tin ya kin bi fɔ ɛp yu wit mɔni, ɛp fɔ lan buk, spɛshal ples fɔ slip fɔ wok, ɛp fɔ travul, ɛn tin dɛn fɔ ɛp (e.g., wayt ken, spɛshal softwe).

If yu want fɔ no mɔ bɔt dis, yu kin aks yu ɔftalmolɔg, di wan dɛn we de kia fɔ yu wɛlbɔdi biznɛs, ɔ gɔvmɛnt ɛjɛnshi dɛm we gɛt fɔ du wit am (e.g., di Dipatmɛnt fɔ Sɔshial Savis).

Di tin we impɔtant pas ɔl: Di mɛsej we wi fɔ tek na yu at

Fɔ dɔn, na di tin ya. "Legally blind" nɔto lɛbl we de difayn yu. Na jɔs ɔfishal stetɔs we de ɛp yu fɔ gɛt bɛnifit ɛn savis dɛn we gɛt fɔ du wit blayndnɛs. Gɔvmɛnt ɛjɛnshi dɛn kin yuz dis wɔd fɔ sho us patikyula krayteria yu nid fɔ mit fɔ kwalifay fɔ sɔm bɛnifit ɛn savis dɛn.

If yu ɔ pɔsin we yu sabi gɛt prɔblɛm wit in yay, nɔ panik. Si pɔsin we sabi bɔt yay fɔ advays. Dɛn kin tɛl yu di rayt tin bɔt yu sik, us tritmɛnt dɛn de, ɛn aw fɔ aplay fɔ dɛn kayn bɛnifit dɛn de if nid de. Mɛmba se i nɔ kin ɛva let fɔ aks fɔ ɛp.

` Ligal blayndnɛs, we nɔ de si fayn, we nɔ de si fayn, ay wɛlbɔdi, 20/200 vishɔn, soshal sikyɔriti bɛnifit, fil fɔ si