Yu gɛt smɔl opin ples na yu at? Lɛ wi tɔk bɔt (Patent Foramen Ovale - PFO)!

Yu dɔn ɛva yɛri se yu at, ɔ fɔ se, bitwin di tu ɔp rum dɛn na di at, kin gɛt smɔl opin we kin de afta dɛn bɔn yu? Bɔku pipul dɛn kin sɔprayz we dɛn yɛri dis. Bɔt na tru. dis kכndyushכn dεn kכl am `Patent Foramen Ovale` כ `(PFO)`. Nɔ wɔri, wi go tɔk bɔt am simpul wan, di we we yu go ɔndastand.

Wetin na PFO? Lɛ wi ɔndastand am simpul wan

fכ simpul wan, patent foramen ovale (PFO) na sכmכl opin we lεk lid bitwin di tu כp chεmba dεm na yu at, di rayt atria εn di lεft atrium. Naw imajin se we wi ɔl de na wi mama in bɛlɛ, dis opin we dɛn kɔl di foramen ovale de de. I rili impɔtant. Bɔt bɔku tɛm, i kin lɔk afta dɛn bɔn wi. PFO na we i nɔ de klos afta dɛn bɔn am. Di wɔd "patent" min "open."

Bɔrku tɛm, pipul dɛm wae gɛt PFO nɔr kin gɛt ɛni sayn ɛn nɔr nid tritmɛnt. Bɔt, na smɔl tɛm nɔmɔ, sɔm prɔblɛm dɛn, lɛk strok, kin gɛt fɔ du wit PFO.

Wetin mek dis foramen ovale impɔtant? Wetin kin apin we dɛn smɔl?

di pikin we de na di mama in bɛlɛ, we na di pikin we de na in bɛlɛ, nɔ de yuz in lɔng fɔ gɛt blɔd we gɛt ɔksijɛn. bifo dat, dis bכdi we gεt כksijεn de kכmכt frכm di mama tru di plasεnta, along di כmbilikal kכd. dis na wetin di foramen ovale de du, i de dayrekt di bכdi we gεt כksijεn frכm di כmbilikal kכd frכm di pikin in rayt atria dεrekt to di lεft atrium.

Frɔm de, da blɔd de kin go na di lɛft say na di pikin in at, ɛn i kin gi ɔksijɛn to di pikin in bren ɛn ɔda impɔtant pat dɛn. Na wan wɔndaful we aw dɛn de du tin, nɔto so?

afta dεn bכn di pikin, we i bigin fכ brith in wan, di bכdi de go na di lכng fכ gεt כksijεn. na da tεm de dis ``foramen ovale'' kin kכloz. Dɔn di blɔd we gɛt ɔksijɛn kin go na di lɛft say na di at, ɛn frɔm de dɛn kin pɔmp am go na di wan ol bɔdi.

Udat kin gɛt PFO? Aw i kɔmɔn?

Infakt, PFO kin afɛkt ɛnibɔdi, ilɛksɛf na man ɔ uman, in kɔlɔ, ɔ in kɔlɔ. Bɔt i kin apin mɔ pan sɔm grup dɛn:

• divεr dεm, spεshal wan dεm we de sɔfa wit ``Decompression sickness - air embolism``, we na wan kכndyushכn we di εya bכbul dεm de blכk di bכdi vεsul dεm bikoz fכ di prεshכn chenj.
• Na di wan dɛm wae dɔn gɛt strok wae dɛn nɔr kin fɛn ɛni ɛksaktɔl kɔz fɔ (cryptogenic stroke).

Ɔlsay na di wɔl, lɛk wan pan ɛvri 4 pipul dɛm (25%) kin gɛt PFO. Apat frɔm dat, dɛn dɔn si se bitwin 30% ɛn 40% pan di pipul dɛm wae dɔn gɛt strok fɔ no rizin kin gɛt PFO. Bɔt dis nɔ min se ɔlman we gɛt PFO go gɛt strok. I impɔtant fɔ mɛmba dat.

Fɔ gɛt PFO kin afɛkt di bɔdi?

we yu gεt `PFO`, sכm bכdi de fכm frכm di rayt atria to di lεft atria tru dεn sכm sכm flap dεm. Nɔmal wan, dis nɔ kin apin bikɔs dɛn flap ya kin lɔk.

Bɔku tɛm, PFO nɔ kin mek ɛni prɔblɛm. כltu, sכmtεm blכd kכlכt kin travul frכm di rayt say na di at to di lεft say na di at tru dis PFO. If dat apin, di at kin pɔmp da blɔd de go ɔda pat dɛn na di bɔdi. Imajin, if da blɔd de go na di bren, di blɔd we de go na di bren kin ambɔg. Na da tɛm de wan kɔndishɔn we dɛn kɔl ischemic stroke kin apin. Dɔn bak, dis blɔd we de klɔt kin pwɛl ɔda pat dɛn lɛk di kidni ɛn di at.

Wan patikyula rizin de we mek PFO de divɛlɔp?

Risach pipul dɛm stil nɔr dɔn fɛnɔt ɛksaktɔli wetin kin mek pɔrsin gɛt PFO. Dat min se, i nɔ klia yet if na jenɛtik, envayrɔmɛnt, ɔ ɔda tin.

Wetin na di sayn dɛm fɔ PFO? Si if yu gɛt dɛn tin ya bak

Bɔrku pipul wae gɛt PFO nɔr kin sho ɛni sayn. Na tru dat. Bɔt sɔntɛnde, yu kin si tin dɛn lɛk dis:

• Strok.
• Transiɛnt Ischemik Atak (TIA) ɔ mini-strok . Dis kin mek i nɔ izi fɔ muv wan an, ɛn i kin afɛkt di impɔtant ɔgan dɛn lɛk di bren, smɔl intestinal, big intestin (kɔlɔn), ɔ di kidni.

Apat frɔm dat, di tin dɛn we nɔ kin apin so ɔltɛm na:

• Mayokardial infarkshɔn we pɔsin kin gɛt.
• di כksijεn lεvεl dεm na di bכdi de dכn (Hypoxemia).
• Platypnea-orthodeoxia syndrome (PO syndrome): Dis na wan sik we di ɔksijɛn lɛvɛl na di blɔd kin go dɔŋ we i nɔ kin izi fɔ blo we i sidɔm stret.

Aw yu go no if yu gɛt PFO? Wetin na di tɛst dɛn?

Yu dɔktɔ go aks yu fɔs bɔt yu sik dɛn ɛn du yu bɔdi ɛgzam. If dɛn sɔprayz se PFO de, dɛn kin rikɔmɛnd fɔ du tɛst dɛn lɛk:

• Transthoracic echocardiogram : Echocardiogram (ɔ echo) na tɛst we de yuz sawnd wev fɔ mek pikchɔ dɛn bɔt di at in chɛmba dɛn. Dɛn kin du di tɛst bay we dɛn put wan inschrumɛnt na di chɛst.
• Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE) : Insay dis tɛst, yu dɔktɔ kin put wan smɔl tiub we gɛt kamɛra insay yu εsophagus. Dis kin mek wan klia pikchɔ bɔt di PFO pas wan rɛgyula ɛko.
• Transcranial Doppler (TCD) ultrasound : TCD ultrasound de yuz sawnd wev fɔ luk di blɔd we de flɔ to ɛn insay yu bren. I kin ɛp bak fɔ no di strok we blɔd kin kɔba.

Along wit dis tεst dεm, yu dכkta kin sכgεst bak fכ du ``bכbul tεst.'' Dis involv fכ injεkt wan salin sכlushכn insay yu vein. if dεn bכbul dεm ya fכ fכlכ tru di opin insay di lεft say na yu at we dεn nכ filta di lכng dεm, dεn kin no if yu kin gεt ``PFO.''

Tritmɛnt de fɔ PFO? Yu tink se ɔlman nid am?

Bɔrku pipul dɛm wae gɛt PFO nɔr nid tritmɛnt. Bɔt if yu gɛt histri fɔ strok ɔ blɔd klɔt, ɔ yu de pan big risk fɔ gɛt dɛn, yu dɔktɔ kin tɛl yu fɔ gi yu tritmɛnt. Di tritmɛnt opshɔn dɛm fɔ wan PFO inklud:

• Mɛrɛsin dɛn we de mek blɔd nɔ klɔt : Fɔ ɛgzampul, aspirin ɔ warfarin.
• Kateshכn : Insay dis prosidכs, intavεnshכnal kכdiכlכg de yuz wan lכng, tin tכb (kateta) fכ kכloz di valv. dis kateshכn de pas tru wan big vein na di groin insay di at εn dεn de yuz spεshal tin (kloz divais) fכ kכloz di valv. Stɔdi dɔn sho se dis kateshɔn we dɛn kin du kin wok pas ɔpreshɔn fɔ trit PFO pan pipul dɛn we nɔ rich 60 ia yet.
• Ɔpreshɔn fɔ di at : Dɔktɔ we de du ɔpreshɔn kin kɔt ɛn stich di flap we i lɔk. Dis kin bi if di kateshɔn we dɛn de yuz nɔ wok fayn. dis kin bi tru opin at כpεrayshכn כ tru fכ sכm sכm sכm sכm say dεm na di chεst we dεn kכl minimally invasive robotically assisted patent foramen ovale repair.

Risach we dɛn jɔs du dɔn sho se pan pipul dɛm wae gɛt PFO wae dɔn gɛt strok wae dɛn nɔr ɛksplen, fɔ lɔk di PFO kin ɛp fɔ mek dɛn nɔ gɛt strok tumara bambay. I bɛtɛ fɔ tɔk to yu dɔktɔ bɔt us tritmɛnt we go fayn fɔ yu.

Yu tink se tritmɛnt dɛn kin mek pɔsin gɛt bad bad tin dɛn?

Sɔm pipul kin gɛt kɔmplikeshɔn frɔm tritmɛnt fɔ PFO. Dɛn kɔmplikeshɔn ya kin difrɛn difrɛn wan bay di we aw dɛn de trit am:

Tin dɛm wae kin apun wit mɛrɛsin

We yu de tek mɛrɛsin lɛk Aspirin ɔ Warfarin, dɛn tin ya kin apin:

• Blɔd we de kɔmɔt.
• Blɔd we de kɔmɔt na di bren (Intracranial hemorrhage).

Wetin kin apin we dɛn de trit di kateshɔn?

Di kɔmɔn kɔmplikeshɔn dɛn we kin apin we pɔsin de yuz kateshɔn:

• Blɔd we de klɔt.
• Di blɔd vesel dɛn we dɔn pwɛl.
• Di tin we dɛn kin yuz fɔ lɔk dɔn kam lus.
• At infεkshכn כ `εndokarditis`.
• Di `PFO` nɔ de klos fayn.
• `Blɔd klot na di lכng (Pulmonary embolism)`.

Kɔmplikeshɔn dɛn we nɔ kin apin so ɔltɛm:

• Di ɛmbolizm we de na di briz.
• Di at bit we nɔ de bit ɔltɛm (Aritmia).
• `Atrial fibrilashɔn (Afib)`.
• Cardiac tamponade (fluid we de bɔku rawnd di at).

Tin dɛn we kin apin we dɛn du ɔpreshɔn

Ɔpreshɔn fɔ lɔk PFO kin mek prɔblɛm dɛn lɛk:

• `Atrial fibrilashɔn (Afib)`.
• Blɔd we de kɔmɔt.
• Infεkshכn dεm.
• Strok.

I gɛt we fɔ ridyus di risk fɔ mek PFO fɔm?

Natin nɔr de fɔ rili du fɔ ridyus di risk fɔ gɛt PFO. I nɔto sɔntin we wi go ebul fɔ kɔntrol. Bɔt if yu gɛt strok we yu nɔ ɛksplen (cryptogenic stroke), i impɔtant fɔ mek dɛn tɛst yu fɔ dis sik. Dɔn, if nid de, yu kin gɛt tritmɛnt kwik kwik wan.

Wetin na di wɛlbɔdi stet fɔ pɔsin we gɛt PFO? Na sɔntin we wi fɔ wɔri bɔt?

Bɔku tɛm, di lid fɔ pikin we gɛt PFO kin lɔk ɔlsay insay di fɔs tri ia we i dɔn liv. Bɔrku pipul dɛm wae gɛt PFO de liv ful, wɛl bɔdi layf wae nɔr gɛt ɛni prɔblɛm as big pipul. So nɔ wɔri bɔt am we yu nɔ nid fɔ wɔri .

If a gɛt PFO, aw a go tek kia ɔf mi wɛlbɔdi?

Yu kin kip yu at wɛl ɛn ridyus yu risk fɔ gɛt strok if yu du dɛn tin ya:

• Nɔ yuz rɔm ɔ ɔda drɔgs.
• It tin dɛn we go ɛp yu at.
• Kɔntrol di ay blɔd prɛshɔn (Hypertension) ɔ di ay kɔlɔstrel lɛvɛl.
• Mek yu gɛt wɛlbɔdi wet.
• Stɔp fɔ smok ɛn yuz tin dɛn we dɛn kin yuz fɔ smok.
• Gɛt di rayt tritmɛnt fɔ ɔda wɛl bɔdi prɔblɛm dɛm wae de mek yu gɛt strok, lɛk atrial fibrillation (Afib).

Dɔn bak, if yu nɔ de na di sem pozishɔn fɔ lɔng tɛm, dat kin mek yu nɔ gɛt bɔku blɔd.

Wetin na di bɛst tɛm fɔ go to dɔktɔ?

If yu gɛt ɛni wan pan di sayn dɛm fɔ strok , go to dɔktɔ wantɛm wantɛm ɔ kɔl 911 (ɔ yu lokal imejensi nɔmba). Dɛn sayn ya kin bi:

• I nɔ izi fɔ tɔk ɔ ɔndastand.
• Diziz ɔ yu nɔ de balans.
• Di fes, an, ɔ leg kin swɛla ɔ wik.
• I nɔ izi fɔ si na wan ɔ ɔl tu yay.
• Di ed we kin at bad bad wan wantɛm wantɛm.

Mɛsej we dɛn kin kɛr go na os

patent foramen ovale (PFO) na sכmכl opin na di at bitwin di rayt εn lεft chεmba dεm na di at. I kin afɛkt lɛk wan pan ɛvri 4 pipul dɛn (25%) . Bɔrku tɛm, PFO nɔr kin kɔz ɛni sayn ɛn nɔr kin nid tritmɛnt. Bɔt sɔmtɛm, i kin bi sayn fɔ strok ɔ mini-strok. If yu gɛt histri fɔ strok ɔ blɔd klɔt, yu dɔktɔ kin tɛl yu fɔ trit yu. Di tritmɛnt dɛn we yu kin gɛt na fɔ tek mɛrɛsin, fɔ put kateshɔn, ɛn ɔpreshɔn. De impɔtant tin na dat bɔrku pipul dɛm wae gɛt PFO kin liv ful, wɛl bɔdi layf. If yu gɛt ɛnitin we de mɔna yu, nɔ shek fɔ tɔk to yu dɔktɔ.

`PFO, patent foramen ovale, ol na di at, strok, blɔd klot, at sik, foramen ovale