We yu na mama we gɛt bɛlɛ, i nɔmal fɔ gɛt bɔku kwɛstyɔn bɔt di smɔl pikin we de na yu bɛlɛ. Fɔ fɛn ansa to sɔm pan dɛn kwɛstyɔn ya, wi kin du difrɛn tɛst (prenatal testing) we wi gɛt bɛlɛ. So dɛn kɔl wan pan dɛn spɛshal tɛst ya NIPT. Dis kin mek wi no if yu pikin de pan denja fɔ gɛt sɔm kayn tin dɛn we i gɛt frɔm in jɛnɛtiks, lɛk Daun sindrom . Bɔt dis nɔto 100% spɛshal tɛst. So, sɔm dɔktɔ dɛn kin lɛk fɔ kɔl am NIPS (skrinin) pas fɔ kɔl am NIPT (tɛst). Bikɔs dis kin jɔs sho se di prɔblɛm de.
Aw fɔ du di NIPT tɛst? I rili simpul!
Wi ɔl dɔn yɛri bɔt DNA. I tan lɛk buk we de insay ɛvri sɛl na wi bɔdi, we gɛt ɔl wi jɛnɛtik infɔmeshɔn. Yu no se smɔl smɔl pat dɛn pan dis DNA de flɔt rawnd bak na wi blɔd. Wi kin kɔl dis DNA we nɔ gɛt sɛl, ɔ `cfDNA`?
so we yu bεlε, yu bכ di gεt yu yon `cfDNA`, wit di pat dεm fכ yu pikin in DNA (sεl-fri fetal DNA - cffDNA) . Yu nɔ tink se dat na wɔndaful tin? di NIPT tεst involv fכ tek wan simpul blכd sεmpl frכm yu εn tεst am fכ sכm pat dεm na yu pikin in DNA, fכ gi yu klyu bכt sכm jεnεtik kכndishכn dεm. Bikɔs na tɛst we nɔ de ambɔg pɔsin, no risk nɔ de fɔ yu ɔ yu pikin.
Wetin wi kin lan frɔm di NIPT tɛst?
di NIPT tεst de mεntal luk fכ abnכmaliti dεm na di kromozom dεm. Fɔ tɔk am simpul wan, di kromozom dɛn kin kam tu tu na wi sɛl dɛn. Bɔt sɔntɛnde, instead fɔ tu kɔpi fɔ wan kromozom, tri kin de. Wi kin kɔl dis trisɔmi .
Na di men trisomy kondishכn dεm we di NIPT tεst de luk fכ εn dεn akכda:
| Jɛnɛtik kɔndishɔn | Kromozom nɔmba (Trisomy) . | NIPT Akkurayt we fɔ du am |
|---|---|---|
| Sindrom we gɛt di sik we dɛn kɔl Down syndrome | Trisɔmi 21. Di wan dɛn we de wok | ~99% |
| Edwards sindrom we gɛt di sik | Trisɔmi 18. Di wan dɛn we de wok | ~97% |
| Patau sindrom we gɛt di sik | Trisɔmi 13. Di wan dɛn we de stɔdi | ~87% |
Duya mɛmba: NIPT na jɔs wan skrinin tɛst we de sho if risk de. I nɔ kin bi 100% shɔ se wan sik de.
If di NIPT rizɔlt na pɔsitiv, we min se i de sho se i gɛt prɔblɛm, wi nid fɔ go fɔ wan diagnostik tɛst fɔ kɔnfɔm am. Tu tɛst dɛn de we dɛn kin du fɔ dat:
1. Amniocentesis: na we dεn de tek sεmpl fכ amniotic fluid frכm insay di uterus εn tεst am.
2. Chorionic Villus Sampling (CVS): na we dεn de tek fכ sεl dεm frכm di pikin in plasεnta εn tεst dεm.
Bikɔs dɛn tu tɛst ya na invasive ( invasive ), smɔl risk de. So, sɔm mama dɛn nɔ kin want fɔ mek dɛn du dɛn.
Apat frɔm dat, NIPT kin no bak if di pikin na man ɔ uman . If yu nɔ want fɔ no, nɔ fɔgɛt fɔ tɛl yu dɔktɔ bifo yu du di tɛst.
Udat want fɔ du di NIPT tɛst?
dis tεst kin bi fכ eni mama we dεn kכmplit 10 wiks we i bεlε. Bɔt, i nɔto tɛst we pɔsin fɔ du. Bɔt mama dɛn we de pan ay risk fɔ sɔm jɛnɛtik kɔndishɔn dɛn kin intres mɔ pan dis.
Udat dɛn de pan big risk?
- Mama dɛn we dɔn pas 35 ia.
- Mama dɛm we dɔn bɔn pikin we gɛt trisomy kɔndishɔn bifo.
- Mama dεm we dεn sho se dεn de pan risk bay כda skrinin tεst (e.g. fכs trimεst skrεnin).
Situeshɔn dɛn usay NIPT rizɔlt nɔ kin rili rili
di NIPT tεst de dip pan di amoun fכ di pikin DNA we de insay di mama in bכdi. dis amount kin bi sכm pasεnshכn, arawnd 10%-20%. So, sɔm tin dɛn we kin apin na di mama in bɔdi kin afɛkt dɛn tin ya we kin apin.
- If yu bɔdi mas indeks (BMI) na 30 ɔ pas dat.
- If di pikin bin gɛt bɛlɛ wit eg we dɛn gi di pikin.
- If yu de yuz sɔm tin dɛn we de mek yu blɔd tan.
- If yu de kɛr twins ɔ mɔ pikin dɛn na di bɛlɛ.
If na so i bi, i bɛtɛ fɔ tɔk to yu dɔktɔ ɛn disayd if di NIPT tɛst fayn fɔ yu.
Wetin yu kin du afta yu dɔn gɛt di NIPT rizɔlt?
Na nɔmal tin fɔ fil sɔri ɛn shɔk we yu kam fɔ no se yu gɛt risk (positiv rizɔlt) frɔm NIPT tɛst. Bɔt nɔ panik. Fɔs, mɛmba se dis nɔto di las tin we wi fɔ disayd fɔ du. Na dis tɛm, i rili impɔtant fɔ tɔk to pɔsin we de advays yu bɔt yu jɛnɛtiks ɔ yu dɔktɔ fɔ ɔndastand di tin dɛn we kin apin.
NIPT na jɔs wan tɛst we de sho se pɔsin gɛt prɔblɛm. Nɔ disayd fɔ du ɛni impɔtant tin bɔt yu pikin jɔs bikɔs ɔf da rizɔlt de.
If yu want, yu kin go fɔ diagnostik tɛst lɛk di `amniocentesis` ɔ `CVS` we wi bin dɔn tɔk bɔt fɔ kɔnfɔm di sityueshɔn 100%. Ɔ yu gɛt rayt fɔ nɔ mek dɛn tɛst dɛn de. Tɔk wit yu dɔktɔ opin wan bɔt ɔl dɛn tin ya.
Mɛsej we dɛn kin kɛr go na os
- NIPT na tɛst we dɛn kin du bay we dɛn de yuz simpul blɔd sɛmpul we dɛn tek frɔm di mama we gɛt bɛlɛ ɛn i nɔ de mek yu ɔ yu pikin gɛt ɛni prɔblɛm.
- Dis nɔto 100% difinitiv diagnosis. Na jɔs wan skrinin tɛst we de sho di risk fɔ kɔndishɔn lɛk Daun sindrom.
- If di NIPT rizɔlt na pɔsitiv, dɛn fɔ du ɔda tɛst lɛk amniocentesis fɔ kɔnfɔm am.
- Ɔltɛm tɔk bɔt di NIPT rizɔlt ɛn di nɛks tin dɛn we yu fɔ du wit yu dɔktɔ, pas fɔ disayd fɔ yusɛf.
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