Kati osuubira. Mu kiseera kino omusawo ajja kukusaba okole ebigezo eby’enjawulo olabe oba buli kimu kikutambulira bulungi n’omwana ali mu lubuto lwo, nedda? Leero twogera ku kwekebeza omusaayi okw’enjawulo okukolebwa mu lubuto olw’okubiri. Kino kiyitibwa ‘Quad Screen’ oba ‘Quad Marker Screen’.
Mu ngeri ennyangu, Quad Screen kye ki?
Kino kyangu nnyo okukebera omusaayi. Kikolebwa wakati wa wiiki 15 ne 20 ng’oli lubuto. Okukebera kuno kuyinza okuwa omusawo wo endowooza oba omwana wo ali mu lubuto ali mu bulabe bw’okufuna embeera z’obuzaale nga Down syndrome.
Lwaki kino kiyitibwa "Quad"?
"Quad" kitegeeza bana mu Lungereza. Kale okukebera kuno kuyitibwa kuno kubanga kupima emiwendo gy’ebintu bina ebitongole mu musaayi gwo. Ebintu ebyo ebina bye bino:
- AFP (ekirungo kya alpha-fetoprotein) .
- HCG (Eddagala eriyitibwa ‘Human chorionic gonadotropin) .
- Estriol (ekika kya estrogen) .
- Inhibin-A
Ebigezo bino binoonya ki?
Quad Screen esinga kwekenneenya oba omwana ali mu bulabe olw’embeera z’obuzaale eziwerako. Obumu ku bukwakkulizo obukulu bwe buno:
- Trisomy 21: Embeera ffenna gye tumanyi nga Down syndrome.
- Trisomy 18: Embeera eyitibwa Edwards syndrome.
- Neural tube defects (NTDs): Ebizibu ebiva mu nkula y’obwongo bw’omwana n’omugongo.
Naye wuuno ekintu ky'osaanidde okutegeera ddala . Kino kigezo kya ‘kukebera’ kyokka. Ekyo kitegeeza nti kwekenneenya akabi kwokka. Okukebera kuno tekugamba 100% nti omwana definitely alina embeera ezimu. Kimala okulaga nti waliwo akabi akatono, n’olwekyo kiyinza okwetaagisa okwongera okukeberebwa.
Kikakatako okukola ekigezo kino?
Nedda.Kino si kigezo kya kiragiro. Osobola okukikola bw’oba oyagala. Kyokka abasawo abalabirira bamaama abali embuto batera okugamba nti kirungi okukola okukebera kuno. Kubanga kiyinza okukuwa endowooza ku bulamu bw’omwana nga bukyali.
Eno nkola nnyangu nnyo. Ky’olina okukola kwe kuggya akapapula k’omusaayi akatono ku mukono. Kitwala eddakiika nga 5-10. Tekijja kukukolako bulabe wadde omwana wo. Kale tekyetaagisa kweraliikirira.
Ebintu 4 by'olina okunoonya mu musaayi ne kye bitegeeza
Kati ka tulabe emitendera ena egy’enkyukakyuka kye gitegeeza. Kino kiyinza okuba nga kizibu katono naye nja kukinnyonnyola mu ngeri ennyangu.
| Ekintu ekipimiddwa mu musaayi | Ebisomebwa okuva ku ddaala lyabyo |
|---|---|
| Ekirungo kya alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) . | Kikolebwa ekibumba ky’omwana. If the AFP level is very high , kiyinza okulaga akabi k’embeera nga obulema mu nseke z’obusimu. Wabula oluusi omuwendo gwa AFP guyinza okuba waggulu singa oba olubuto lwa wiiki ntono oba ng’ositudde abalongo. Singa omutindo gwa AFP guba wansi , kiyinza okulaga akabi k’obulwadde bwa Down syndrome. |
| Ekyuma ekiyitibwa Estriol (uE) . | Obusimu buno bukolebwa omwana n’enkwaso. Emiwendo emitono giyinza okulaga nti obulabe bwa Down syndrome bweyongedde. |
| Eddagala eriyitibwa gonadotropin eriyitibwa chorionic gonadotropin ly’omuntu (hCG) . | Obusimu buno bukolebwa nnabaana. Emiwendo gya hCG egya waggulu okusinga egya bulijjo giyinza okuba akabonero k’obulabe obw’okwongera okukwatibwa obulwadde bwa Down syndrome. |
| Inhibin-A | Puloteeni eno ekolebwa enkwaso zo n’enkwaso. Singa emiwendo gyayo giba waggulu okusinga bwe kyali kisuubirwa, kiyinza okwongera ku bulabe bw’okuzaala omwana alina obulwadde bwa Down syndrome. |
Nziddamu, bino biba bya bulabe byokka. Olw’okuba emu ku mitendera gino ya njawulo tekitegeeza nti omwana ajja kuba n’obuzibu. Omusawo wo ajja kugeraageranya ebivuddemu bino n’ensonga endala, ng’emyaka gyo, okwekenneenya akabi akali mu.
Ebyavaamu obifuna otya?
Ebiseera ebisinga ojja kufuna ebyava mu kukeberebwa kuno mu nnaku nnya oba ttaano. Kino kiyinza okwawukana okusinziira ku laabu n’omusawo wo.
Watya singa ekivaamu kiba ‘Normal’?
Singa ekivaamu kiba ‘Normal’ oba ‘Negative’, kitegeeza nti omwana wo alina akabi katono ak’okubeera n’embeera y’obuzaale eyogeddwako waggulu. Mu mbeera ng’ezo, emirundi mingi omusawo tajja kuwa magezi ku kwongera kukebera buzaale. Wabula ne bwe kiba ‘low risk’, tekitegeeza nti 100% tewali buzibu. Naye kitegeeza nti akabi kano katono nnyo.
Watya singa ekivaamu kiba ‘Abnormal’?
Tofaayo. Ekivaamu ‘Abnormal’ oba ‘Positive’ tekitegeeza nti omwana alina obulwadde. Kitegeeza kyokka nti akabi kali waggulu era nti kyetaagisa okwongera okukeberebwa .
Mu kiseera kino, omusawo ajja kwogera naawe era akunnyonnyole ekiddako. Era bayinza okuteesa ku bigezo ebirala.
- Detailed Ultrasound Scan: Kino kikusobozesa okulaba obulungi ennyo ensengekera z’omubiri gw’omwana.
- Amniocentesis: Kino kizingiramu okutwala akatundu akatono ku mazzi g’omu lubuto ageetoolodde omwana n’okwekenneenya obutoffaali bw’omwana okuzuula embeera y’obuzaale. Waliwo akabi akatono mu kukebera kuno, n’olwekyo kikulu okuteesa n’omusawo wo nga tonnasalawo.
Njawulo ki eri wakati wa NIPT ne Quad Screen?
Oyinza n’okuwulira ku kukeberebwa okuyitibwa NIPT (Noninvasive Prenatal Testing). Era kigezo kya kwekebejja ekitunuulira akabi.
- Okukebera NIPT kuyinza okukolebwa nga wayise wiiki 10 ng’oli lubuto. Yeekenneenya DNA y’omwana mu lubuto mu musaayi gwo okusobola okwekenneenya akabi akali mu lubuto.
- Quad Screen ekolebwa mu kiseera eky'okubiri . Tetunuulira DNA ya mwana, wabula ku miwendo gy’obusimu ne puloteyina mu musaayi gwo.
Ebigezo bino byombi bya ‘screening’ ebipima akabi, so si ‘diagnostic’ tests. Yogerako n’omusawo wo asalewo okukeberebwa ki ekisinga okukukwatako.
Okusuubira omwana kiseera kya kitalo naye era kiyinza okuleeta enneewulira nnyingi. Kya bulijjo okuwulira ng’otya katono n’okweraliikirira ng’oyiga ku bigezo bino. Naye ebigezo bino tebigendereddwa kukutiisa. Zigendereddwamu okukuyamba okumanya obulamu bw’omwana wo nga bukyali era bwe kiba kyetaagisa n’okwetegekera. Kale bw’oba olina ekibuuzo kyonna, tokikwata mu birowoozo n’obuuza omusawo.
Obubaka Obutwala Awaka
- Quad Screen kwe kukebera omusaayi okutali kwa kiragiro okukolebwa mu kiseera ky’olubuto olw’okubiri.
- Kino kyetegereza oba omwana ali mu bulabe bw’okufuna embeera z’obuzaale nga Down syndrome.
- Kino kigezo kya ‘kukebera’ ekipima akabi, so si kigezo kya ‘kuzuula’ ekizuula ddala obulwadde.
- Singa ebyavaamu biba ‘Abnormal’, tosattira, kitegeeza nti kyetaagisa okwongera okukeberebwa.
- Nga tonnaba kukeberebwa kwonna era ng’omaze okufuna ebyavaamu, yogerako n’omusawo wo byonna ebikweraliikiriza n’okubuusabuusa.
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