Oluusi owulira ng’ekintu ng’ekikopo oba ekkalaamu kigwa wansi mu bwangu awatali nsonga? Oba owulira ng’amagulu go gasituka ng’otambula, oba ng’oyogera ebigambo byo biwunya ? Wadde nga bino ebiseera ebisinga biba bintu byokka ebitutuukako, oluusi biyinza okuba obubonero obusooka obulaga nti waliwo ekintu eky’amaanyi ekibaawo munda mu mubiri gwaffe. Bwatyo bwetugenda okwogera ku bulwadde obukwatagana n'obusimu bwaffe leero. Oyo ye ALS.
Mu ngeri ennyangu, ALS kye ki?
ALS kifupi kya Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis . Abantu abamu era bakiyita ‘Obulwadde bwa Lou Gehrig’, nga kino kiyitibwa Lou Gehrig, omuzannyi wa baseball omututumufu mu myaka gya 1930. Mu ngeri ennyangu, bulwadde obukosa obusimu bwaffe naddala obutoffaali bw’obusimu obuyitibwa motor neurons .
Kati oyinza okuba nga weebuuza nti obusimu buno obukola emirimu gy’omubiri (motor neurons) kye ki. Teebereza, ositula omukono, otambuza ekigere, oyogera, okamula emmere... Bino byonna obikola kyeyagalire, nedda? Well, obusimu buno obukola emirimu (motor neurons) bufuga ebinywa eby’obwannakyewa bye tulowoozaako era bye tufuga. Obutoffaali buno obw'obusimu butambuza obubaka okuva ku bwongo okutuuka mu binywa, nga bugamba nti, "Kola kino." ALS bw’ekula, obusimu buno obukola emirimu gy’omubiri bunafuwa mpolampola ne butakola. Olwo obubaka obuva mu bwongo tebutuuka bulungi ku binywa. N’ekyavaamu, ebinywa binafuwa mpolampola ne bikendeera.
Ekisinga okunakuwaza obulwadde buno okukkakkana nga bunafuye ekinywa ekiyitibwa diaphragm, ekinywa ekituyamba okussa. Abalwadde bangi bafa olw'okulemererwa okussa . N’okutuusa kati tewali ddagala likakafu eriwonya bulwadde buno.
Biki ebiyinza okuvaako okulwala ALS?
Ekituufu ekivaako ALS tekinnazuulibwa, naye ebimu ku bintu ebiyinza okuleeta akabi bizuuliddwa.
- Obuzaale: Ku bantu abatono ku buli kikumi abalina ALS, nga 10%, buba bwa nsikirano. Kino kitegeeza nti singa omuntu mu maka aba n’obulwadde buno, emikisa 50% nti obuzaale buno bugenda kusiigibwa mu baana be. Kino kiyitibwa ALS ey'amaka .
- Emyaka: Obulabe bw’okukwatibwa obulwadde buno bweyongera n’emyaka okutuuka ku myaka 75. Obulwadde buno businga kuzuulibwa mu bantu abali wakati w’emyaka 60 ne 80.
- Akaboozi: Mu bantu abali wansi w’emyaka 65, abasajja batera okukwatibwa obulwadde buno okusinga abakyala. Kyokka oluvannyuma lw’emyaka 70, enjawulo eyo eggwaawo.
- Okunywa sigala:Okunoonyereza okumu kulaga nti abanywa sigala bali mu bulabe bwa ALS naddala mu bakyala oluvannyuma lw’okuva mu nsonga.
- Obutwa : Abanoonyereza balowooza nti okukwatibwa eddagala erimu, gamba nga lead, nakyo kiyinza okuba eky’obulabe. Kino kikyanoonyezebwa.
- Okuweereza mu magye: Ekyewuunyisa, okunoonyereza okumu kulaga nti abo ababadde mu magye balina akabi katono ak’okulwala ALS. Ekituufu ekivaako tekimanyiddwa, naye kirowoozebwa nti kikwatagana n’ensonga ng’okukwatibwa obutwa n’okunyigirizibwa okw’amaanyi.
- Okwesittala ng’otambula, amagulu okutabuka.
- Okukaluubirirwa okukwata ekintu n’amaanyi mu ngalo (e.g., okusuula ebikopo, ebibbo).
- Okwogera okutali kwa maanyi .
- Okukaluubirirwa okumira emmere oba amazzi.
- Okuzimba ebinywa oba okulumwa.
- Okukankana kw'ebinywa - era okuyitibwa fasciculations .
- Okukaluubirirwa okukuuma ennyimiririra y’omubiri, obutasobola kukuuma bulago nga bugolokofu.
- EMG (Ekifaananyi ky’amasannyalaze):Kino kipima emirimu gy’amasannyalaze mu binywa. Mu ALS, ebinywa tebifuna bubaka bulungi okuva mu busimu, n’olwekyo okukebera kwa EMG kulaga enkola entongole etali ya bulijjo.
- Okunoonyereza ku kutambuza obusimu: Kino kipima sipiidi obubonero bw’amasannyalaze gye butambulira ku busimu. Kino kiyinza okuwa endowooza ku bunene bw’okwonooneka kw’obusimu.
- Obujjanjabi bw’omubiri: Buyamba mu mirimu gy’ebinywa ebinene ng’okutambula n’okuyimirira.
- Occupational therapy: Ayamba mu kukola emirimu emirungi ng’okusiba essaati n’okulya n’ekijiiko.
- Obujjanjabi bw’okwogera: Buyamba okunnyonnyola okwogera n’okuddukanya obuzibu mu kumira.
- ALS bulwadde obukwata obutoffaali bw’obusimu obuyitibwa motor neurons obufuga ebinywa byaffe eby’obwannakyewa.
- Obubonero obusooka buyinza okuba obw’amagezi ennyo, omuli okunafuwa mu bitundu by’omubiri, okukaluubirirwa okutambula, n’okwogera obubi.
- Tewali kukebera kwonna okuzuula obulwadde buno, era okuzuula obulwadde buno kukakasibwa nga bagaana endwadde endala.
- Wadde nga n’okutuusa kati tewannabaawo ddagala lyonna eriwonya bulwadde buno, obujjanjabi bw’omubiri, obujjanjabi bw’okwogera, n’ebyuma eby’enjawulo ebiyamba omulwadde bisobola okukuuma omutindo gw’obulamu bw’omulwadde ku mutindo omulungi.
- Bw’oba olina obubonero buno okumala ebbanga, mazima ddala funa amagezi g’omusawo.
Ekikulu: Bw’oba oteebereza nti onywedde eddagala ery’obutwa, totya era kuba ku ssimu ya National Poisons Information Center mu ddwaaliro ly’eggwanga erya Colombo okufuna amagezi amatuufu mu basawo.
Bubonero ki obusooka obw’obulwadde bwa ALS?
Obubonero bwa ALS tebujja mangu, wabula mpola nnyo. Mu kusooka, oyinza okulaba enkyukakyuka entono nnyo. Mpozzi omukono gwo guwulira nga guzibye ng’okwata siteeringi y’emmotoka. Oba oyinza okukaluubirirwa okwogera ng’obubonero obulala tebunnalabika. Obubonero obusooka bwawukana okusinziira ku muntu.
Naye waliwo obubonero obumu obutera okulabika nga bukyali:
Obulwadde buno busobola okwawulwamu ebika bibiri ebikulu okusinziira ku ngeri gye butandika: Limb onset (butandikira mu bitundu by’omubiri) ne Bulbar onset (butandikira ku buzibu okwogera n’okumira) .
| Engeri obulwadde gye butandika | Obubonero obutera okulabika |
|---|---|
| Ekitundu ky’omubiri (Spinal) Okutandika | Abantu bangi obulwadde buno butandika bwe buti. Obubonero busooka kulabika mu mikono oba amagulu.
|
| Bulbar Onset (okutandika n’okwogera/okumira) . | Kino kitono nnyo. Obubonero busooka kutandikira mu binywa bya ffeesi, ensingo n’emimiro.
|
| Obulwadde buno bweyongera okumala ekiseera. | |
| Obulwadde bwe bweyongera okusajjuka | Okunafuwa kw’ebinywa, okufiirwa ebinywa (atrophy), okukaluubirirwa okukamula n’okumira, obutasobola kutegeera kwogera, n’okukaluubirirwa okussa. |
ALS ezuulibwa etya?
Okuzuula ALS nkola nzibu kubanga tewali kukebera kumu kugizuula mu ngeri ey’enjawulo. Abasawo bagaana embeera endala zonna eziyinza okuba nga ze zikuleetera obubonero nga tebannazuula bulwadde bwa ALS.
Omusawo wo naddala omukugu mu by’obusimu ajja kukola ebigezo bino:
1. Okukeberebwa kw’abasawo okujjuvu: Tujja kwogera ku bubonero bwo n’ebyafaayo by’obujjanjabi bw’amaka mu buwanvu, era tukebere oba ebinywa binafu, ebinywa okuzimba, n’obuzibu mu kwogera.
2. Okukebera omusaayi n’omusulo: Bino biyamba okugoba embeera endala eziyinza okulaga obubonero obufaananako ne ALS, gamba ng’obulwadde bwa thyroid, obutaba na vitamiini B12, n’obulwadde obulala.
3. MRI scan: MRI telaga butereevu ALS, naye kyetaagisa okukebera oba waliwo ensonga endala, gamba ng’ekizimba ku bwongo oba ku mugongo oba disiki eseeredde.
4. Ebigezo by’amasannyalaze: Bino bikulu nnyo mu kuzuula obulwadde.
Olw’okuba okuzuula obulwadde bwa ALS kintu kinene, abantu bangi bakemebwa okufuna endowooza eyookubiri. Ekyo kintu kirungi. Ate era olw’okuba obulwadde bugenda bugenda mu maaso okumala ekiseera, kiyamba okuddamu okukeberebwa oluvannyuma lw’emyezi nga 6 okulaba oba obubonero buteredde.
Oyinza otya okuddukanya obubonero?
Wadde nga n’okutuusa kati tewali ddagala lyonna eriwonya ALS, waliwo engeri nnyingi ez’okuddukanyaamu obubonero n’okutumbula omutindo gw’obulamu bw’omulwadde.
Okugatta ku ekyo, waliwo ebyuma ng’obugaali bw’abalema, ebyuma bya CPAP okuyamba mu kussa, ne tekinologiya wa kompyuta ow’enjawulo (eye-recognition software) okuyamba abo abalina obuzibu okwogera okuwuliziganya.
Bw’oba ggwe oba omuntu gw’omanyi akyagenda mu maaso n’okufuna obubonero obwogeddwako wano, nsaba tomala biseera era olabe omusawo alina ebisaanyizo . Okuzuula obulwadde buno nga bukyali kiyamba nnyo mu kubuddukanya.
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