I thisen sang control tu secret system chungchang hi han sawi ila: (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System - RAAS)!

I thisen sang chu i thunun theih loh thil mai a ni lo tih i ngaihtuah ngai em? Dik tak chuan kan taksa chhungah hian a thunun theihna tur system buaithlak tak leh mak tak a awm a. Chu chu vawiina kan sawi tur system chu a ni. Hei hi renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system , a tawi zawngin RAAS an ti a. Ngaihtuah buai suh, a hming hi sei deuh mah se, awlsam takin i hrethiam ang u.

He RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) hi eng nge ni?

Okay, chuti a nih chuan RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) hi eng nge ni? A awlsam zawngin kan taksaa hormone, protein leh enzyme hrang hrangte inzawmkhawm, inzawmkhawm, inzawmkhawmna system a ni. Team tenau duan tha tak ang mai a ni. He team hna ber chu kan thisen sang leh kan taksaa tui awm zat, chu chu thisen volume, hun rei tak chhunga control hi a ni.

Kan taksaa thisen kalna kawngte hi tui phurtu pipe angin han ngaihtuah teh. Heng pipe atanga thisen kal zat te, chu thisen chuan pipe bang a pressure a pek dan te chu thisen sang kan tih chu a ni. Chuvangin, he RAAS hian a tih chu chi (sodium) leh tui taksaa a luh leh theihna tur a tipung a ni. Tichuan taksaa tui awm zat, chu chu thisen volume a lo pung ta a ni. Thisen kalna kawng a tikhawlo bawk. Chu chu, veins-a vascular tone a control tihna a ni. Heng zawng zawng hian thisen sang chu duh ang level-a awm reng turin a pui a, a dik zawk chuan hrisel level-ah a awm tir thei a ni.

He RAAS system-ah hian play-a mi langsar ber berte ang bawkin a changtu ber pathum an awm a:

• Renin: Hei hi enzyme a ni.
• Angiotensin II: Hei hi hormone a ni.
• Aldosterone : Hei hi hormone a ni bawk.

Heng thumal pahnih hi tlem tal sawifiah tur chuan enzyme hi kan taksaa chemical reaction awmte puitu leh ti chaktu protein chi hrang hrang a ni. Thil engemaw thar siamnaah leh thil thenkhat tihchhiatnaah an pui thin. Hormone hi chemical messenger a ni a, kan taksa hnathawh dan tur a inrualrem a ni. Thisen kal tlangin an kal a, taksa peng hrang hrang, taksa peng hrang hrang leh tissue hrang hrangte chu an tih tur leh engtikah nge an tih tur tih an hrilh thin. Kan taksa postal service ang mai a ni.

Chuti a nih chuan, thisen sang chu eng nge ni?

Doctor i pan chuan i kut ah cuff hmangin i thisen sang an teh thin. A dik tak chuan hei hi i thinlung a thawk apianga i thisen kalna kawng chhunga thisen awmin pressure a siam thin chu a ni. He normal pressure hi kan thinlung atanga kan taksa peng leh tissue dang zawng zawnga thisen kal dan tur dik tak atan a pawimawh hle.

Thisen sang hi thil engemaw zat ah a innghat a, chu chu i thinlungin thisen a pump zat leh i thisen kalna thisen kalna kawng (arteries) diameter te hi a ni.

Thil tam tak, damdawi thenkhat, cholesterol level sang, leh meizuk te hian i thisen sang a tichhe thei a ni. Mahse, thisen sang control nana mawhphurtu ber chu RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) a ni. Mahse, hre reng ang che, thisen sang (hypertension) emaw, thisen sang (hypotension) emaw i neih chuan RAAS system-ah hian harsatna a awm reng a ngai lo. A chhan dang pawh a awm thei bawk.

RAAS leh baroreceptor reflex hi eng nge an danglamna?

Heng pahnih hi thisen sang control-na kawngah a pawimawh hle a, mahse a danglamna tlem a awm.

RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) hian taksa pum huapa thisen volume leh systemic vascular resistance rei tak control nan a thawk ber a ni.

Kawng lehlamah chuan baroreceptor reflex, a nih loh leh mi ṭhenkhatin an tih angin , baroreflex , hian hun rei lote chhûng thisen sang a tlahniam chuan hna a thawk a ni. Chu chu, thisen sang a inthlak danglamna tenau leh rang tak, thinlung thawk atanga thinlung thawk thlenga inthlak danglamna te chu a chhang let thuai tihna a ni. Kan artery-a awm heng baroreceptor te hian kan autonomic nervous system chu heng inthlak danglamna te hi an hriattir nghal vat thin.

RAAS-a inrawlhtu taksa peng pawimawh tak takte chu engte nge ni?

Kan taksa chhunga taksa peng hrang hrang, gland leh tissue engemaw zat chuan he RAAS system hian hna a thawk tha thei tih an enfiah a. Chung zinga pawimawh ber chu:

• Kidneys : Hengte hi renin chhuah hmasa ber an ni.
• Liver: Hetah hian protein angiotensinogen an tih chu siam a ni.
• Thisen kalna kawng: Hengte hian thisen sang a tikhawlo a, a tisang bawk.
• Lungs: ACE enzyme awmna hmunpui ber.
• Adrenal glands: Hengte hi kan kal (kidney) chunglamah awm, triangular ang chi gland te tak te pahnih an ni. Aldosterone an siam chhuak thin.
• Pituitary gland: Hei hi ruh ang maia lian gland te tak te, thluak bul, hypothalamus hnuai lama awm a ni. Hormone ADH a siam chhuak thin.
• Hypothalamus: Hei hi thluaka kan autonomic nervous system leh pituitary gland hnathawh dan tur inzawmkhawmtu a ni.

Thil pakhat a hlawhtlin theih nan thil engzat nge thawhhona a ngai tih hi en teh!

Engtin chiah nge he RAAS system hian hna a thawh?

Okay, tunah chuan he RAAS (Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System) hian engtin nge hna a thawh tih kan en ang. Hei hi step hrang hranga thleng thin a ni:

1. A hmasain, i thisen sang chu tlem a tlahniam thut mai ang tih han ngaihtuah teh . A nih loh leh, kal (kidney)-a thisen kal zat a tlahniam tihna a ni. Chutih lai tak chuan kan kal fing pahnih hian thisenah enzyme pakhat renin an tichhuak a .

2. Tichuan he renin hian a kal a, protein pakhat angiotensinogen an tih chu a tichhia a, chu chu kan liver-ah siamin thisenah a tel a ni. Scissor hmanga paper cut ang mai a ni. Tichuan hormone angiotensin I an tih chu a lo piang ta a ni.

3. Mahse he angiotensin I hi a active vak lo, chu chu effect a nei vak lo (inactive). Chuvangin thisen chhunga a kal lai hian kan lung leh kal chhunga angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) chuan a then tam zawkin a tikehsawm a ni. Chutah chuan hormone active tak angiotensin II an tih chu a lo piang ta a ni.

4. Tunah chuan he angiotensin II hi workhorse tak tak a ni ta. Kan thisen kalna kawng te tak te, thisen kalna kawng (arterioles) te ruh (muscular walls) chu a tikhawlo nghal vek a ni. Tui pipe hrual a, tui a kal chak zawk ang maiin ngaihtuah la, thisen kalna kawng a inzawm khawm chuan thisen sang a sang thin. Chu mai pawh ni lovin, he angiotensin II hian kan adrenal gland-te chu hormone aldosterone tih chhuah turin signal a pe a ni. Tin, pituitary gland chu antidiuretic hormone, ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone), a nih loh leh Vasopressin .

5. A dawtah chuan aldosterone leh ADH te hian kal (kidney) te chu taksa mamawh chi, chu chu sodium chu taksaah lakluh leh turin an hrilh a, chu chu vawng reng turin an hrilh a ni. Chutih rual chuan aldosterone chuan kal (kidney) chu taksain a mamawh loh potassium chu zun atanga paih chhuak turin a hrilh bawk .

6. Chuvangin, thisena sodium a pun chuan taksa pawhin tui a vawng reng tan thin. Tichuan thisen volume zawng zawng a pung a, chu mi rual chuan thisen sang pawh a sang chho bawk. Chutiang chuan he renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system hi a zo ta a ni. Thisen sang chu a pangngaiin a lo let leh thin.

RAAS system hi hormone dang engemaw zatin a tichak thei bawk. Entirnan , corticosteroid, estrogen, leh thyroid hormone te pawhin system hi a tichak thei bawk.

Heart Failure leh RAAS hi eng inzawmna nge ni?

Tunah chuan he RAAS system, mi thenkhatin heart failure an tih hi han en ila.Condition leh RAAS system hi eng nge inzawmna a neih? Dik tak chuan thinlung natna vei taksaah hian he RAAS system hian hmun pawimawh tak a chang a, a chang chuan a buaithlak hle bawk.

A tirah chuan thinlungin thisen a pump tha thei lo (i.e., thinlung a chak loh lai) chuan taksa peng pawimawh tak takte hnenah thisen a pe tling thei lo. Chutih lai chuan RAAS system-a inthlak danglamna chu hei hi a rulhna tur angin a thleng tan ta a ni. Phên dangin sawi ila, taksa hian he tlakchhamna hi phuhruk tumin a bei a ni.

A bik takin, RAAS hian thisen kal tlahniam chu tihpun tumin Angiotensin II tih hormone a tichhuak tam zawk a ni. Mahse, he hun kal zelah Angiotensin II chhuah tam lutuk hian thinlung natna a tizual thei a ni. Scientist te chuan he Angiotensin II tam lutuk hian thinlung a ti lian a, a siam thar leh thin niin an ngai.

A dik tak chuan thinlung a chak lo a, thisen a pump tlem chuan taksa chuan, ‘Aw, ka thisen sang a hniam a, thisen ka nei tlem’ tih hi a ngaihtuah thin. Chuvangin RAAS hi thisen sang tihsan leh thisen volume tihsan nan activate a ni. Chu chuan hun rei lote chhûngah a ṭangkai thei a, hun rei tak chhûng chu thinlung chak lo tawh takah chuan harsatna a belhchhah zâwk a ni.

Hemi avang hian doctor-te chuan thinlung natna vei enkawlnaah hian damdawi an hmang a, chu chuan RAAS system chu direct-in a nghawng a, a hnathawh dan a thunun a ni. Heng damdawi te hian RAAS system chu a tul lo zawnga hnathawh a titawp a ni. Entirna tlemte chu hetiang hi a ni:

• Beta-blockers te pawh a awm
• Angiotensin tidanglam thei enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) te hi a tha hle.
• Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) te hi a tha hle.
• Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist (MRA) te hi a tha hle a, a chhuahna tur hmun leh a hmanna tur a awm lo.

Heng damdawi te hian thinlunga a tul lo taka harsatna awm chu a tiziaawm a, thinlung natna control nan a pui bawk.

Kan hriat reng tur pawimawh ber chu

Chuvangin, tunah chuan kan thisen sang control nan leh thinlung hriselna atan renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) hi a pawimawh leh a buaithlak zia i hmu thei tawh ang. A buaithlak deuhin a lang thei a, mahse kan taksa hriselna atana pawimawh tak a ni. Kan taksa chhungah engineer te tak te ang maiin hna a thawk a.

I thisen sang chungchangah ngaihtuahna i neih chuan, entirnan, thisen sang emaw, thisen sang emaw chhinchhiahna i neih chuan, emaw, i thisen sang control harsa i tih chuan, i doctor hnenah thurawn dil rawh.An tanpui che a, i zawhnate chhang turin an inpeih reng a ni. Chutiang thilte hriat chian a pawimawh hle a, a chhan chu chutih hunah chauh chuan kan hriselna chungchangah hian thutlukna dik tak kan siam thei ang. I taksa hriat hi nun hrisel tak neihna kawng tha ber a ni.

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