Doctor hmu tura i kal a, chu stethoscope lum tak chu i rilru leh hnungzang-ah dahin ngun takin i ngaithla tih i hre reng em? Hetiang thil tawn hi kan nei vek tawh. "He thil atang hian doctor hian eng nge a hriat tak tak?" Chu zawhna chhanna chu tunlaia kan sawi tak medical test ‘Auscultation’ tih hi a ni. Lungngai suh, a awlsam hle a, a hrehawm lo hle a, mahse i hriselna chungchang tam tak hrilh theitu thil pawimawh tak a ni.
A awlsam zawngin, auscultation chu eng nge ni?
Auscultation (a lam tur: "o-skul-ta-tion") hi tih dan awlsam tak a ni. Chu chuan i chhungril taksa peng hrang hrang, i thinlung, i lung, thisen kalna kawng, leh i ril aṭanga ri lo chhuakte ngaihthlâk nân stethoscope hman a huam a ni . Doctor chuan stethoscope chu i rilru, i kawr, i hnungzang leh i pum chhungah a dah ang a, heng aw te hi a awm dan, a tlan chak dan, a volume leh a rhythm ang chi thil a enfiah ang.
Hei hi test hlauhawm lo tak, him tak a ni. Tin, tunlai doctor-te’n an la hman thin test hlui ber leh a bulpui ber zinga mi a ni bawk.
Engtikah nge auscultation test hi tih thin?
Taksa enfiahna pangngai nei tura i kal hunah chuan i doctor chuan he test hi a ti ngei ang. I circulatory system , thawkna system, leh gastrointestinal system hnathawh dan rough idea a pe che a ni.
Hei hian a awmzia chu he test awlsam tak hian i hriselna dinhmun pum pui hriatthiamna neihna kawngah a pui hle a, chubakah damdawi lam dinhmun rinhlelh awm zawng zawng pawh nemnghet emaw, paih chhuah emaw a pui bawk.
Aucultation hman dan tlangpui te chu engte nge ni?
He test hi doctor-in a ngaihthlak lai organ a zirin hmun hrang hrangah then theih a ni. Eng nge an nih i en ang u.
| Examining organ chu a ni | Engtin nge tih tur leh eng nge check tur tih |
|---|---|
| Thinlung | Degree 45 angle-ah i thu emaw, i mu emaw ang a, stethoscope chu i rilruah hmun hrang hrangah dah a ni ang. Hetah hian doctor chuan heart valve hriat chian berna hmun 5 chu a bik takin a ngaithla ang. I thinlung thawk hun tur an en ang., aw chiang tak (Intensity) , aw sang leh hniam (Frequency/Pitch) , leh beat pakhat a rei zawng (Duration) te a ni. |
| Chuap | I hmui atanga thawk chhuak nghal turin an ti ang che. Tichuan, i rilru leh hnungzang hmun hrang hrangah stethoscope dahin i lung atanga aw lo chhuak chu a sir lehlamah tehkhin theih a ni ang. Hei hian i thawk leh thawk chhuah hun chhung te , aw quality te, leh whistling ang chi ri danglam tak tak eng pawh a zawng ang. |
| Thisen kalna kawng (Arteries) . | Kawng, pum leh kal chhunga thisen kalna lian ber berte pawh ngaihthlak theih a ni. Hetah hian bruit (thisen kal tlanga thisen a luang chhuah huna ‘noisy’ aw danglam tak) an tih leh pulse rate (intensity) chak lo tak an check thin. Hengte hian thisen kalna kawnga harsatna awm apiang hriatchhuahna kawngah a pui thei a ni. |
| Pum chhung | I mut tir ang a, stethoscope chu i pum chhung hmun hrang hrangah dahin i intestines atanga thawm lo chhuak chu ngaihthlak a ni ang. Hei hian i chhungril atanga aw i hriat theih leh theih loh (Existence) , i hriat tam dan (Quantity) , leh aw quality chu eng nge ni tih a en ang. |
Heng awte hian eng nge a awmzia?
Tunah chuan heng aw pangngai leh pangngai lote hian i hriselna chungchangah eng nge an sawi tih i lo en ang u.
Thinlung A ri
A tlangpuiin thinlung hrisel chuan rhythmic sound pahnih "lub-dub" tih a siam chhuak thin. Chungte chu S1 leh S2 an ti bawk. Heng aw te hi heart valve te khar hian a lo chhuak thin.
Mahse, a châng chuan thawm hrang hrang, danglam tak tak i hre mai thei. Mahse, aw danglam zawng zawng hi natna khirh tak chhinchhiahna a ni vek lo tih hre reng ang che.
| Thawm danglam tak | Eng nge a awmzia ni thei |
|---|---|
| Thinlung Murmur | Hei hi "swishing" sound a ni a, thli nen a inang. Thinlung kawngkhar kaltlanga thisen kal dan tihbuai vang a ni thei. Murmur \henkhat chu pawi lo tak a nih laiin, \henkhat chu thinlung natna khirh tak chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk. |
| Pericardial friction hmanga rub a ni | Aw faint, grating tak, vun pahnih inzawm khawm ang maia ri. Hei hi thinlung chhehvela sac inflammation (pericarditis) vang a ni thei. |
| Lungphun pangngai lo tak tak | Heart rhythm mumal lo (atrial fibrillation), chak lutuk (tachycardia - minute khatah beat 100 aia tam), emaw, slow lutuk (bradycardia - minute khatah beat 60 aia tlem) te ang chi te. |
Lung Ri hrang hrang
Lung hrisel tak takte hian i thawk chhuah hian thawm nêm tak, hollow tak a siam a, mahse, a chang chuan thawm danglam tak i hre thei.
| Thawm danglam tak a ni | Eng nge a awmzia ni thei |
|---|---|
| Wheeze a ni | Whistling ri hniam tak ang maiin a ri. He aw hi thawkna kawngte chu mucus ang chi thilin a tihzauh chuan a lo chhuak thin. Asthma emaw COPD ang chi dinhmunah chuan hriat a ni tlangpui. |
| Rhonchi chuan a rawn ti a | Thawm ri bengchheng tak, bengchheng tak. Mucus emaw thil dang emaw thawkna kawngah a tlakbuak vang a ni thei. Pneumonia ang chi natna chhinchhiahna a ni thei bawk. |
| A rawn chhuak nghal zat | "Chit chit" ri, sam zung pahnih inzawm khawm ang mai. He aw hi lung chhunga tui awmkhawm (pneumonia, heart failure) avanga lo awm a ni. |
| Stridor chuan a rawn ti a | Thâwk chhuah laiin thawm sang tak, thawk hah tak. A rilru a buai em em a, a rilru a buai em em bawk a, a rilru a buai em em bawk a. Hei hi emergency a ni thei . |
Pum chhunga Aw ri te
A tlangpuiin kan intestine hian second 5-10 danah sound nem tak, "bubbling" a siam thin. Chumi awmzia chu chaw ei (digestive system) a thawk tha tihna a ni.
- Aw awm lo: Minute hnih aia rei thawm hriat loh chuan ileus an tih natna chhinchhiahna a ni thei.
- Aw tlahniam: Aw frequency a hniam emaw, a ri a nêm hle emaw a nih chuan constipation ang chi condition vang pawh a ni thei.
- Thawm a tam: A tlangpui aia tam, ri ring zawk i hriat chuan riltam ang chi natna chhinchhiahna a ni thei.
- Grunting emaw high-pitched sounds: I intestines atanga gurgling emaw low-pitched sound danglam tak tak i hriat chuan i rilru a buai tihna a ni thei.
Doctor-te’n a bik takin an ngaihthlakna hmun a awm em?
Ni e, a awm ngei ang.
I hnungzang chunglam, i kekawrte inkarah hmun bik a awm a, chu chu "triangle of auscultation" an ti a ni. He lai hmuna taksa ruh (muscle layer) hi a hring a, chuvangin lung atanga thawm ri chu chiang takin a hriat theih a ni.
Tin, thinlung ngaihthlak hian rilru chhunga hmun bik 5 a awm a, chutah chuan thinlung valve ri hriat theih ber a awm bawk. Doctor chuan heng hmunah hian stethoscope chu dahin a enfiah ngei ang.
I hriat lohvin i taksa hian aw hrang hrang a siam reng a. Musical ensemble ang mai a ni. Auscultation hi doctor tan he ensemble-a instrument zingah hian key dik lo a play em tih zawh theihna hun remchang a ni.
Chuvangin a dawt leha i doctor-in a stethoscope a bun a, a ngaithla leh hunah chuan hlau suh. I hriselna chungchangah thu hlu tak tak a pholang thei a ni. Thil danglam tak i hriat chuan i doctor hnenah chu chu zawh hreh ngai suh.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Auscultation chu i thinlung, lung leh ril atanga thawm lo chhuakte chu stethoscope hmanga ngaihthlakna a ni. Hei hi test awlsam tak, him leh hrehawm lo tak a ni.
- Hei hi basic test a ni a, routine medical examination neih laiin tih ngei ngei tur a ni.
- Hêng aw danglam takte hian damdawi lam dinhmun hrang hrangte hriattîrna a pe thei a, mahse, thawm danglam tak tak zawng zawng hi natna khirh tak chhinchhiahna a ni vek lo.
- Hei hi doctor-in a hman hmanraw pakhat chauh a ni. Ringhlelna a awm chuan test dang an nei leh ang a, diagnosis dik tak an siam ang.
- I doctor-in a hriat leh a awmzia zawhna zawh hi hlau ngai suh. I hriselna chungchang hriattir i nih hi i dikna a ni.
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