Nang pawhin i chau reng em? Rei vak lo i kal hnuah pawh i lu a buai em? I vun hi a chang chuan a rawng a inthlak a, a sen angin a lang em? Hengte hi thisen tlakchhamna tlanglawn tak chhinchhiahna a ni thei. Mahse a chang chuan a hnung lamah hian thawnthu buaithlak zawk a awm thin. I taksa invenna system ngeiin i thisen cell te nen indona a tan tir thin hi thil awm lo tak a ni. Chu chu vawiina kan sawi tum chu a ni.
Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) hi eng nge ni?
A awlsam zawngin sawi ila, Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) hi kan taksa immune system hian tihsualin kan thisen sen hrisel tak takte a rawn bei a, a tichhia a ni.
Ngaihtuah teh, kan thisen sen (red blood cells) hi lirthei te tak te, taksa pum puia oxygen phurtu an ni. Kan ruh chhunga bone marrow an tih factory-ah an siam chhuak a ni. A vaiin thisen sen pakhat hi ni 120 vel a dam thei a ni.
Mahse AIHA veiah chuan taksa invenna system ang maia immune system chuan heng thisen sen (red blood cells) te hi hmelma cell angin a hmu thin. Tichuan, heng defence system, chu chu antibodies te hian heng thisen sen te hi an man a, an tichhia a ni. Hetianga tihchhiatna rate hi ruhro hian thisen sen thar a siam theih aiin a rang zawk hle. A châng chuan ni 120 chhûnga dam tûr cell pakhat chu ni rei lo tê chhûngin a chhe vek a ni. Chuvangin, taksain oxygen a mamawh zat a hmu lo va, hahna leh chak lohna ang chi symptoms a lo lang tan thin.
AIHA chi hrang hrangte chu engte nge ni?
AIHA hi chi hnih ah then a ni ber a, chu chu taksain temperature a tih dan azirin a ni.
- Warm Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia: Hei hi a tam ber a ni. Hetah hian immune system hian taksa lumna pangngai emaw a aia sang emaw-ah thisen sen (red blood cells) a tichhia a ni. Hei hi antibody chi khat IgG an tih vang a ni.
- Cold Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (Cold Agglutinin Disease - CAD): Hei hi chi khat a awm lo hle. Hemiah hian taksa chu khawsik a tawrh chuan thisen sen (red blood cells) te chu a chhe vek a ni. A tlangpuiin 3-4 degree Celsius thlenga lumnaah a awm thin. Hei hi antibody chi khat IgM an tih avanga lo awm a ni.
A pawimawh ber chu, hei hi natna hrik kai theih a ni lo. Midang hnen atangin i man thei lo va, mi dang hnenah pawh i thehdarh thei lo. Amaherawhchu, he natna thlentu virus infection thenkhat hi a kai thei a ni.
He natna lan chhuah dan engte nge ni?
AIHA natna lan chhuahna tam tak hi thisen tlakchhamna (common anemia) nen a inang a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan symptom engmah an nei lo mai thei.
| Symptom a ni | Hrilhfiahna |
|---|---|
| Chauhna leh chak lohna | A lan chhuah dan tlangpui chu taksaa oxygen tlakchhamna a ni. |
| Lung natna chak tak (Tachycardia) . | A chhan chu thinlung hian oxygen tlakchhamna phuhruk nan hna a thawk rang zawk a ni. |
| Thâwk harsa (dyspnea) . | A bik takin hna tenau tih emaw, kea kal emaw hian. |
| Vun leh mit a sen emaw, a sen emaw (Jaundice) . | Bilirubin, thisen sen (red blood cells) a chhiat huna siam chhuah, mit vun leh mit var te chu a sen (yellow) tir thin. |
| Zun dum | Tea tui emaw cola emaw rawng ang chi zun. |
| Spleen a lian zawk | Thisen sen chhia tihbo nan hun tam tak a thawh avangin spleen chu a hring thei a, a puak thei bawk. |
| Hei bakah hian Cold AIHA (CAD) vei te chuan... | |
| Kut leh ke lum leh rawng danglam | Khua a vawt a nih chuan kut zungtang leh ke ruh rawng blue emaw red emaw a inthlak thin. |
| Lu na leh hnungzang na | Khawsik hian thisen kal dan a tibuai thei a ni. |
Eng thilin nge AIHA hi a thlen?
A châng chuan a chhan chiang tak hmuh tur a awm lo. Hei hi Primary AIHA kan ti a. Mahse a tam zawkah chuan damdawi dang emaw damdawi dang (Secondary AIHA) vang a ni thei.
A chhan lian tak tak engemaw zat a awm a:
- Autoimmune natna dang: Autoimmune natna dang, lupus ang chi nei te chu AIHA vei an hlauhawm hle.
- Cancer chi hrang hrang: a bik takin thisen nena inzawm cancer (Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia) leh (Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma) te .
- Viral leh bacteria infection: Epstein-Barr virus (mononucleosis thlentu virus, khawsik ang maia awm), Cytomegalovirus , HIV , leh Mycoplasma pneumoniae te ang chi natna.
- Damdawi thenkhat: Antibiotics thenkhat (e.g., penicillin) leh damdawi dang pawhin he natna hi a thlen thei bawk. Damdawi i ei zawng zawng hi doctor hnenah hrilh vek a pawimawh hle.
Engtin nge AIHA i nei tih i hriat theih ang?
Heng symptoms te hi i neih chuan doctor pan ngei ngei tur a ni . I natna lan chhuah dan te, damdawi i ei lai te a zawt ang che a, a enfiah ang che. A tul chuan hematologist hnenah an refer ang che.
Thisen test eng emaw zat chu AIHA finfiah nan tih a ni ber.
- Complete Blood Count (CBC): Hei hian i thisen sen, thisen var, leh platelet count te a enfiah thin. Thisen sen (red blood cell count) a tlem chuan thisen tlakchhamna (anemia) chhinchhiahna a ni.
- Peripheral Smear: Thisen sample chu microscope hmangin an enfiah a, thisen sen (red blood cells) pianzia leh a chhiat leh chhiat loh hriat theih a ni.
- Reticulocyte Count: Hei hian ruhro atanga thisen sen puitling lo siam chhuah zat a teh a ni. Hetiang zat hi a tam chuan ruhro hian a tihchhiat mekte thlaktu tur cell thar siam turin a thawkrim lutuk tihna a ni.
- Coombs’ Test: Hei hi AIHA hriat theihna atana test pawimawh ber a ni. I taksain thisen sen (red blood cells) laka antibody a siam em tih a hre thei a ni.
- Test dang: Hei bakah hian Bilirubin leh Haptoglobin ang chi test te pawh tih theih a ni.
AIHA enkawl dan tur chu engte nge ni?
I dinhmun a na lo a nih chuan enkawlna i mamawh lo mai thei. Mahse, doctor enkawlna hnuaiah awm reng tur a ni. Symptoms a awm emaw, thisen tlakchhamna a nasat chuan enkawl tan a ni ang.
- Steroids: Steroids, prednisolone ang chi hi enkawlna line hmasa ber a ni. Chungte chuan overactive immune system chu a titawp a, thisen sen (red blood cells) tihchhiatna chu a titawp bawk.
- Immune system control tu damdawi dang (Immunosuppressants): Natna hian steroid a chhan loh chuan damdawi Rituximab leh Azathioprine te hman a ni.
- Splenectomy: Damdawi hman that lohna hmunah, a bik takin AIHA lum takah chuan thisen sen (red blood cells) tihchhiatna tamna hmun, spleen chu operation hmangin an la chhuak thin.
- Thisen pek: Thisen tlakchhamna a nasat em em a, nunna atana hlauhawm tak a nih chuan thisen pek a ngai mai thei.
- Vitamin leh nutritional supplement: I doctor chuan thisen sen siamna atana mamawh folic acid ang chi thil a rawn rawt thei ang. Doctor rawn hmasa lovin vitamin engmah ei ngai suh.
Cold AIHA vei te tan thurawn bik
Cold-sensitive type i neih chuan khawsik laka inven a pawimawh hle .
- Fridge emaw freezer emaw atanga thil lak chhuah dawnin gloves vuah thin ang che.
- Ni khaw vawt a chhuah dawn chuan inchei tha la, lukhum ha la, muffler ha bawk ang che.
- In lamah AC hniam lutuk suh.
- Ni lum takah car chhunga i luh hmain rei vak lo start la, car chhung lam chu lum tir rawh.
Enkawl loh chuan eng harsatna nge thleng thei?
AIHA hi control a nih loh chuan harsatna lian tham a thleng thei a ni.
- Blood Clots: Thisen zam a awm theihna a sang hle a, a bik takin ke leh lungah thisen zam a tam hle. Lung chhunga thisen zam (Pulmonary Embolism) hian nunna a tichhe thei a ni.
- Lung natna: Hun rei tak chhunga thisen tlakchhamna hian thinlung a tichak lo thei a, chu chu thinlungin a thawhrim a ngai a ni.
- Kal chhiatna: Thisen sen (red blood cells) tihchhiat lutuk hian kal a tichhe thei a ni.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia (AIHA) hi nangmah ngeiin i immune system-in i thisen sen (red blood cells) a tihchhiat palh a ni.
- I rilru hah thut, luak chhuak, vun emaw mit sen emaw ang chi symptom i neih chuan ngaihthah suh la, doctor pan nghal rawh.
- Hei hi natna hrik kai theih a ni lo. Chuvangin damlo chu inthiarfihlim emaw, hlauh emaw a ngai lo.
- He natna hi tihdam kim theih ni lo mah se, natna thunun thei tur leh nun pangngaia nunpui thei tur enkawlna tha tak tak a awm a ni.
- Doctor thupek dik tak zawm a, i damdawi ei tur a tih ang taka ei a, chaw tha tak tak ei a pawimawh hle.
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