Coronary artery disease tih hi i hre tawh em? Mi tam takin kan hre tawh a. Damdawi lam hawi chuan hei hi Coronary Artery Disease ( CAD ) an ti a. A awlsam zawngin, thinlunga thisen phurtu thisen kalna kawngah thau leh cholesterol a pungkhawm a, thisen kal dan a ti tawi a ni. Mahse heng arteries te hi kawng hrang hrangin an block thei a ni. Vawiin hian kan sawi dawn a, a bik taka ngaihven ngai dinhmun hi a buaithlak deuh a ni. Chu chu thau a lo punkhawm a, thinlung chhunga thisen kalna lian tak pakhat chu branch tenau zawka a inthen nana thisen kalna kawng (artery) a tihkhawtlai hian a ni. Y ang maia kawngpuiah, kawngpui pahnih inthenna hmunah ngei chuan lirthei tlan tam tak chu han mitthla teh. Doctor-te chuan hei hi ‘Bifurcation Blockage’ an ti a.
He Bifurcation Blockage an tih hi eng nge ni tak tak?
Okay, hei hi a awlsam zawkin i dah ang u. I thinlung hi muscle a ni a, a thawk chhunzawm zel a ni. A mamawh chakna leh oxygen chu thisen kalna kawng coronary arteries an tih atang hian a hmu thin . Heng main arteries te hi branch tenau zawkah an inzar pharh a, thinlung hmun tinah thisen an phur chhuak thin.
Tunah chuan, he Bifurcation Blockage hi thau ( plaque kan ti a) a lo awm a, chutah chuan thisen lian tak chu branch tenau zawkah a inthen a, chu chu Y-junction-ah a ni. He plaque hian thisen kal dan a tikhawlo a ni. Doctor-te chuan he thinghnah te tak te hi “side-branch vessel” an ti a. He plaque hi “bifurcation lesion” an ti bawk.
He hmun hi hmun dang aiin a inkharkhip theih nan a buaithlak zawk. Hetah hian thisen kal dan leh pressure a danglam avangin heng hmunah hian plaque a lo awm theihna chance a sang zawk. Tin, enkawl pawh a harsa deuh thei bawk.
Hetiang blockage hi chi hrang hrang lian ber ber a awm em?
Ni e, doctor-te chuan he blockage hi a nasat dan azirin an classified a, chu chu artery block zat a zirin an classified a ni. Hei hi stenosis an ti a . A chi hnih a awm a.
| Blockage chi hrang hrang | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Blockage awlsam tak a ni | Hei hi thisen kalna kawng 70% aia tlem lo a block lai a ni. Hei hian thisen kalna tur hmun engemaw zat a la awm tihna a ni. Hei hi enkawl a awlsam hle. |
| Blockage buaithlak tak a ni | Hetah hian thisen kalna kawng chu 70% aia tam a block a, chu chu a block nasa hle tihna a ni. A châng chuan blockage pakhat aia tam a awm thei bawk. A nih loh leh he blockage hi thisen zam emaw, calcification emaw avanga lo awm thei a ni. Thil dang pakhat chu, a chang chuan chu thinghnah te tak te chu angle na tak (70 degree aia tam)-a a inthen chuan instrument dah luh a, chu hmun chu enkawl chu a harsa hle. |
Kan ramah hian engtiang chiahin nge hetiang dinhmun hi a hluar?
Hei hi a awm dan tlangpui a ni. Chhiar dan chuan coronary artery disease (CAD) vei damdawi hmanga enkawl ngai zawng zawng zinga 15% leh 20% inkar chu he category-ah hian an tel a, chu chu bifurcation blockages tia hriat a ni. A awlsam zawngin, coronary artery block neia damdawi ina lo kal mi 100 zinga 15-20 vel chu he junction-ah hian blockage an nei a ni. Chuvangin, hei hi thil awlsam tak a ni lo.
Engvangin nge hetiang hi a lo awm? Hei hi a chhan dik tak chu eng nge ni?
Hei hi a chhan ber chu a hmaa kan sawi tawh ang khan plaque an tih fatty deposits te hi a ni. Hei hi hun kal zelah tui pipe-a hnim leh bawlhhlawh a punkhawm ang mai a ni a, chu chuan pipe-ah khur a siam a ni. He plaque hi kan thisen kalna bang chhunga cholesterol, thau leh calcium awmkhawm avanga lo awm a ni. Hun a kal zel a, he plaque hi a lian chho zel a, thisen kalna kawng chu a ti tawi a ni. A tâwpah chuan thinlungin thisen mamawh zat a dawng lo. Hetiang dinhmun hi atherosclerosis kan ti a . Bifurcation blockage pawh hi he atherosclerosis natna avang hian a ni.
Tu nge hlauhawm ber?
Hetiang dinhmun hi tu chungah pawh lo awm thei mahse, mi thenkhat chu an hlauhawm zawk. Heng risk factor pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan tlem tal fimkhur a tha.
| Risk factor a ni | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| Kum leh mipa leh hmeichhia | Hmeichhia menopause hnua leh mipa kum 45 chunglam tan chuan a hlauhawmna a sang zawk. |
| Zunthlum | Zunthlum hian thisen kalna kawng a tichhe thei a, plaque a siam awlsam phah a ni. |
| Thau lutuk emaw thau lutuk emaw | Taksa rihna a san chuan risk factor dang cholesterol leh thisen sang te pawh a pung bawk. |
| Chhungkaw chanchin | I chhungkuaa mi (nu, pa, unau) tu emaw chuan thinlung natna a neih chuan nang pawh i hlauhawm zawk a ni. |
| Thisen sang (Hypertension) 1.1. | Pressure a san chuan thisen kalna kawngte chu a chhe vek a, awlsam takin plaque a lo awm thei a ni. |
| Cholesterol sang tak a ni | Hei hi plaque siamna atana thil pawimawh ber a ni. Thisenah bad cholesterol (LDL) a tam chuan a hlauhawmna a sang zawk. |
| Exercise neih loh leh ei leh in tha lo | Taksa chak lo leh oil, sugar leh chi tamna ei thinte chu an hlauhawm zawk hle. |
| Meizial zuk | Meizial zuk hian direct-in thisen kalna kawng a tichhia a, thisen zam a tipung bawk. |
Eng symptom nge i neih theih ang?
Bifurcation blockage hi coronary artery disease (CAD) chi khat a nih avangin a lan chhuah dan pawh a inang vek. Heng symptoms pakhat emaw a aia tam emaw i neih chuan doctor pan nghal rawh.
- Chest pain or pressure (Angina): Hei hi a lan chhuah dan ber a ni. A rilru chhungril lama squeezing emaw squeezing sensation ang maiin a awm thei.
- Thâwk lak tawi: Tlemte i chau lai, emaw, stairs i chhoh lai emawa thawk harsa tih hriat.
- Chaw danglam tak anga inhria: Chhan awm lova chau lutuk emaw, chak lo emaw anga inhriatna.
- Shoulder or arm pain: A bik takin kut veilam hnuai lama kal natna.
- Dizziness (vertigo) emaw fainting: I lu a inher a, i ding reng thei lo ang maia inhriatna.
- Nausea: Luak chhuak ang maia awm.
- Khua a vawt leh thawk hah.
- Lung chak lo (Heart Palpitations) tih hriatna.
A pawimawh ber chu mi zawng zawng hian heng symptoms zawng zawng hi an nei vek dawn lo tih hi a ni. Mi thenkhat chuan he natna hi an nei thei a, symptom engmah nei lovin an nei thei bawk. Chuvangin, risk factors i neih chuan medical checkup neih fo hi a finthlak hle.
Engtin nge doctor hian hei hi a hmuh theih?
A chunga i sawi tak symptoms te hi i doctor hnenah i hrilh chuan a enfiah ang che a, he natna hi finfiah turin test engemaw zat nei turin a refer ang che.
- ECG (Electrocardiogram): Hei hian thinlung electrical activity a test a, thinlungah chhiatna a awm leh awm loh a enfiah thin.
- Stress Test: ECG hi treadmill-a i kal laiin lak a ni a, stress i neih laiin i thinlung hnathawh dan en a ni.
- Echocardiogram: Thinlung ultrasound hmanga enfiah a ni.
- Cardiac Catheterization (Coronary Angiogram): Hei hi i thisen kalna kawng (arteries)-a blockage a awm leh awm loh enfiahna atana test ber a ni. I ke emaw, i kut emaw hmangin tube te tak te dahin, i thinlung chhunga vein-ah thread-in, tui bik an inject a, X-ray image an la a ni. Hei hian blockage awmna hmun chiang takin a hmu thei a ni.
- CCTA (Coronary Computed Tomography Angiogram): Hei hi angiogram nen a inang a, mahse taksaah tube dah lovin CT scan machine hmanga test tih a ni.
Heng test te hian i doctor chuan bifurcation blockage i neih leh neih loh leh a nasat dan chiang takin a hre thei ang.
Hei hi eng enkawlna nge ni?
Bifurcation blockage enkawl hi a harsa deuh a, a chhan chu side-branch vessel hi a te zawk hle a, main vein aiin instrument hmanga enkawl a harsa zawk.
Enkawlna ber chu angioplasty leh stenting a ni . Hei hi surgery a ni lo. Hei hi Percutaneous Coronary Intervention (PCI) an ti a.
Heta thil thleng hi hetiang hi a ni:
1. Doctor chuan i kut emaw ke emaw vun chu a ti na ang a, incision te tak te a siam ang a, chuta tang chuan catheter a thun ang.Thisen kalna kawngah hian catheter an tih tube te tak te, flexible tak tak an dah a.
2. Tichuan X-ray screen en laiin tube chu thinlung chhunga thisen kalna kawngkhar (blocked artery) awmna hmun dik takah a hruai a.
3. Catheter tawp lamah balloon te tak te a awm a. Blockage a thlen chuan balloon chu a inflate ta a ni. Tichuan, plaque chuan artery wall chu a press a, blocked passage chu a hawng leh ta a ni.
4. Tichuan, a hawnna chu a khar leh tawh loh nan chu hmunah chuan mesh tube te tak te, stent an tih chu dah a ni.
Hetianga enkawl zawh hian i doctor chuan stent chhunga thisen zam a lo awm loh nan damdawi bik (dual antiplatelet therapy) a pe ang che. Heng damdawi te hi hun bituk chhunga i ei a pawimawh hle.
Enkawl dante chu engte nge ni?
Bifurcation blockages stent siam dan tlangpui pahnih a awm.
- Provisional Senting: Hetiang hian doctor chuan main artery-ah chauh stent a dah a. Branch te tak te chu dah a ni lo. Branch te tak teah hian a hnuah stent dah theih a ni a, symptoms i neih leh chuan chauh dah theih a ni.
- Stent pahnih hmanga tih dan: A blockage chu a buaithlak hle a nih chuan doctor chuan main artery leh branch te tak te branch off-ah te stent dah a rel thei a ni.
Enkawlna hnua harsatna awm thei a awm em?
Angioplasty leh stenting hi enkawlna hlawhtling tak ni mah se, mi tlemteah harsatna a awm thei a ni.
| Complication awm thei | A sawifiahna awlsam tak |
|---|---|
| In-stent Restenosis a awm thin | Chumi awmzia chu stent hnuaiah scar tissue a lo awm a, chu chuan artery chu a ti tawi leh ta a ni. Hei hi enkawl a nih atanga thla 6 chhungin a thleng tlangpui. Chutiang a nih chuan angioplasty dang emaw, enkawlna dang emaw neih a ngai mai thei. |
| Stent Thrombosis a awm thin | Hei hi natna khirh tak a ni a, mahse a tlem hle a, stent chhungah thisen zam a lo awm a, rang takin thisen kalna kawng chu a block ta a ni. Chumi ven nan chuan thisen zam titawptu damdawi chu uluk taka ei a ngai a ni. |
Hetiang dinhmun hi a veng thei lo em ni?
A theih ngei ang. Lung natna hi kan nunphung nen a inzawm tlat a ni. Chuvangin, thinlung hrisel nunphung hman hian he natna vei theihna chu nasa takin a tihziaawm thei a ni.
- Thinlung hrisel ei tur ei rawh. Oil, chi, leh sugar tamna ei tur chu a theih ang anga tihtlem tur a ni. I ei tur ah thei, thlai, legumes, sangha te, leh whole grains te telh bawk ang che.
- Meizial i zu a nih chuan vawiin hian titawp rawh. Meizial zuk hi thinlung hmelma lian ber pakhat a ni.
- Exercise neih fo thin ang che. Ni khatah minute 30 tal kea kal emaw, cycle khalh emaw ang chi thil ti rawh.
- I taksa rih zawng control rawh. I san zawng nena inmil tur rit bik a awm. Enkawl tum ang che.
- Zunthlum, thisen sang, cholesterol i neih chuan i doctor-in a pek damdawi ei hmangin control la.
- Stress tihziaawm rawh. Yoga leh meditation ang chi thila inhmang hi a tha hle.
- Zu in hi tihtlem rawh.
Engtikah nge Doctor i hmuh nghal tur?
Hei hi hre reng ang che: Lung natna chhinchhiahna, rang tak, na tak, rilru na, thawk hah, emaw, thawk hah emaw i neih chuan second khat pawh tihkhawtlai suh. 911 call nghal emaw, damlo chu damdawi in hnai ber Emergency Department (ETU)-ah hruai rawh.
Tin, a hnuaia symptoms te hi i tawn fo chuan doctor hnenah thurawn dil ngei ngei tur a ni.
- Chest na (angina), kut emaw, ke emaw a na
- Khua a vawt leh thawk hah
- Thâwk harsa
- Sawifiah loha hahna emaw, chak lohna emaw
I doctor zawh tur zawhna
Hetiang dinhmun hi i nei tih i hriat chuan i rilruah zawhna tam tak a awm hi thil pangngai a ni. Engmah tikhawtlai suh, i doctor zawt la, hrechhuak rawh.
- Eng thilin nge hetiang hian ka inkhung tlat?
- Ka thisen kalna kawng dangte pawh hetiang chiah hian blockage a awm thei em?
- Angioplasty leh stenting hian he blockage hi a tidam vek thei ang em?
- Eng ang stent nge ka tan i recommend?
- Stent engzat nge ka dah a ngai dawn?
- Ka thinlung venhim nan eng nge ka tih ang?
- Enkawlna hnuah eng harsatna nge ka ngaihtuah tur?
He thu hian he dinhmun hi hriatthiamna tha zawk i neih theih ka beisei. Hei hi hlauh tur a ni lo va, uluk taka enkawl tur a ni tih hre reng ang che.
Take-Home Thuchah a ni
- Bifurcation blockage hi blockage chi khat bik a ni a, chu chu thinlung chhunga thisen kalna kawng pakhat chu branch hrang hranga a inthen a ni. Hei hi blockage pangngai aiin a buaithlak zawk.
- A symptoms hi thinlung natna tlanglawn tak nen a inang a ni. Chhung na leh thawk hah lutuk hi a bulpui ber a ni. Hengte hi ngaihthah ngai suh.
- Stent dah hi enkawlna hlawhtling tak a ni a, mahse doctor tawnhriat ngah tak inrawlh a ngai a ni.
- Enkawlna aiin a pawimawh zawk chu i nunphung thlak danglam hi a ni. Chaw ei dik te, exercise lak te, leh nungchang tha lo pumpelh te hi a pawimawh hle.
- Chhung natna nasa tak hi emergency a ni. Damdawi in pakhat Emergency Department (ETU) ah kal nghal rawh.
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